University Report: R&D Management, Technology, and Firm Performance

This report investigates the relationship between research and development (R&D) management, technology, and firm performance. It begins with an abstract and outlines research objectives, which include determining the role of technology and R&D on organizational performance. A comprehensive literature review explores the impact of R&D on firm performance, emphasizing the importance of innovation and technology adoption for achieving competitive advantages. The report presents a theoretical framework illustrating the connections between R&D management, organizational factors, technological innovation, and operational business performance. Primary and secondary data collection methods are discussed, including the use of questionnaires, surveys, case studies, and company annual reports. The analysis section examines whether firms investing more in R&D activities achieve higher returns, with findings suggesting a positive correlation between R&D budget and performance metrics. The report concludes with suggestions for improved market strategies and recommendations for future research, including selecting more sectors for research and differentiating between developing and developed nations.

Student name
University name:

Contents
Abstract.......................................................................................................................................................3
Research Objectives:...................................................................................................................................3
Literature Review........................................................................................................................................4
Theoretical Framework:..............................................................................................................................5
Primary Data................................................................................................................................................6
Secondary Data:..........................................................................................................................................7
Sample.........................................................................................................................................................7
Data Collection............................................................................................................................................8
Analysis:.......................................................................................................................................................8
Findings.......................................................................................................................................................9
Suggestions and recommendations.............................................................................................................9
Conclusion.................................................................................................................................................10
References:................................................................................................................................................11

Abstract
This research proposal is intended to determine the role of research and development
management and technology on the performance of firms. The significance of research and
development is increasing with the increase in use of innovative and advanced technology. The
paper determines the relationship between the technology and R&D management and
organizational performance. There are different measures to determine firms’ performance like
rations of return on assets, return on equity or it could be simply checked with the annual reports
of certain organization. Secondary data sources can be used to check the role of different factors
like technology and R&D regarding the performance of firms. The proposal also determine the
future study areas and limitation of the study and the area of study can be broaden by
determining impact of research and development on performance of different sectors firms.
Introduction:
The department of research and development can be found in almost every organization in one or
another form. It is important to adopt new technological changes in organization to achieve
competitive advantage and survive in this competitive business environment (Bhagwa and
DeBruine, 2011). R&D can be proved as means of increasing or improving performance of
particular firm. The essential investigation is performed on allowing R&D expenditure and
advance technology adoption in order to prevent imitation by the competitors and earn more
returns on investments.
Research Objectives:
 To determine the role of technology on the performance of organizations

 To determine whether the performance level of a firm will be a function of resources
used in research and development activities.
Research Questions:
 What are the impacts of high expenditure of R&D activities on the performance of firm?
 Is adoption of high technological advancement play any role or has any impact on
organizational performance?
Literature Review
Impact of research and development on firm performance
Study shows that there is a relationship between development and Research where the
performance of the firms is determined mini expert explains that by doing hard work
organization can survive the competitive environment. For this, we have to allocate assets very
efficiently expert suggests that organizations that have renewable resources and are capable will
have better performance. This type of organization cannot be imitated easily and have an
advantage over other low rated organizations .to get valuable resources we have to inculcate
research and development in our organization. Thus research and development (r and d) play an
important role in the organization. A lot of money is spent for RND activities. The investment on
R&D can be estimated with the help of a type of innovation and performance done by an
organization. The performance also plays an important role in research and development
activities. If the performance is more the better is the technology we will have. So if we will
spend more on research and development activities it will ultimately earn more and thus more

Research &
Development
Management
Organizational
Factors
Technological
Innovation
Performance
Operational Business
profit. Innovation is a term which can earn profit to a business and the success. More and more
Technology should be used for research and development programs and this gains a competitive
edge over other competitors. If the products are superior and are of good quality, it will have
long-term gains. Research and development play an important role to succeed from the potential
competitor and also from the current competitor. Competitors also can't imitate the product easily
and thus the profit shoots above average.
Theoretical Framework:
Figure: Theoretical Framework
The figure shows theoretical framework on which the research is based. There are certain
elements used in the theoretical framework research and development management decisions are

performed by the top management of the organization and its based upon the current business
environment and competitive strategies. Further according to the current marketing trend and to
achieve competitive advantage and prevent imitation of products and services latest technology
adaptation is needed and further its impact on operational and business performance of the firm
is measured (Bhagwat, DeBruine and Gondhalekar, 2001). Organizational factors play a critical
role in creating a learning environment to promote innovation.
This is the important section of any research which help researcher to evaluate the objectives and
scope defined for the research. Different approaches or methods are used within this
methodology section. The qualitative and quantitative approach is applied for this research. The
research is conducted to gather the data and further analysis is performed on the gathered data
and results are determined.
Primary Data
The primary data is gathered through interacting with the actual audiences or respondents and
the data is gathered through questionnaires, surveys and different sampling techniques are used
in this data gathering technique. Primary and secondary data collection is performed to analyze
the research objectives. A personal interview is also one of the ways to collection information.
To determine the role of technology and R&D management on the performance of the
organization, the responses can be collected from the organization personnel, management staff

and key authorities. The single case study would be useful to provide the depth and extensive
data to perform research. When the researcher have limited time or resources then the way of
using case study to conduct research and find conclusions or results is the best way. The
qualitative data will be used to align the research results in right direction.
Secondary Data:
The secondary data is collected on the research topic with the help of reviewing different studies
and literatures which have conducted research on same research area. The previous books,
journals and in this case, the annual report of company help to generate the research results. The
updated and the recent version will help the researcher to collect exact information about the
change in the market penetration and ongoing trend in the market. Case study of particular
company, journal articles and the annual report of the companies are the authentic sources of
data collection. The quality information is needed to be collected in order to achieve the accurate
result for the research and hence, the scholarly sources need to be selected as secondary data
(Chao-Hung Wang, 2011).
Sample
Sample is defined is the part of population under which information is collected.

Data Collection
Basically research depends on what type of tools and instruments are being used for collecting
the information or data. The information which is gathered for the study is always secondary in
nature and the companies collect the things from annual report of the organisation. The research
and development budget can be calculated by the annual report of the Year of an organisation.
Analysis:
It is needed to determine that whether the firms investing higher on R&D activities can able to
earn more than the firms that do not invest. Organizational performance is supposed to outweigh
the costs of R&D management. The costs spend on adopting new technology or on R&D
activities can be compensated by the benefits received by organization. It is illustrated by the
literatures that management of R&D activities is must to survive and compete in this fast and
ever changing and competitive business environment (Erickson and Jacobson, 1992).
The research and development management and advanced technologies can be considered as
means of improving performance in this era of technology (Drucker, 2005). The research
investigates certain works, studies and literatures that have performed some work to find the
impact on organizational performance. The secondary data searched for this research illustrated
that the R&D management activities can influence the performance of different sectors of
business organization, pharmaceutical sector is taken as an example. The performance of certain

organizations are measured or calculated on the basis of its ratios of return of assets, return on
equity or earning per share.
Findings
To find out the impact of research and development budget on the appraisal of paramedical
industry we have to study all the variables in details. Falling conclusion can be formed the first
hypothesis is that research and development budget will always have an effect on the return on
assets. these variables are always proportional to each other. The second point of hyper is will
delete that return on equity will also be proportional to research and development budget. The
two variables performance and Research and Development budget will always be proportional to
each other and vary in positive direction it.
Suggestions and recommendations
To have better market strategy research and development should be inculcated in an
organisation. more amount should be spent on research and development activities.
Those who have contributed in any innovation should be given incentives.
Limitations

lack of time
information collected should be in normal time it should not be in case of financial crisis
Future Implications
More than one sector should be selected for research work
Difference can be generated between developing and developed Nations
Conclusion
The relationship between the technology, R&D management and organization performance has
proposed in this paper. Technology cannot work in isolation to lead to innovation and it has to be
aligned with different organizational factors which lead to achieve competitive advantage. The
proposal would help identify of innovations and research and development activities help
organizations in pursuing good return and operational and business performance. Other factors
also plays significant role in achieving organizational performance like organization structure,
culture, HR and training and development policies performed in the organization.

References:
Bhagwa,Y., t and DeBruine M., 2011. “R&D and Advertising Efficiencies in the Pharmaceutical
Industry”, International Journal of Applied Economics, 8(1), p.55-65
Bhagwat, Y., DeBruine, M., and V. Gondhalekar, 2001. “R&D Leverage – A Measure to
Evaluate the Impact of R&D on Earnings of Pharmaceutical Companies,” Journal of Research in
Pharmaceutical Economics, 11(3-4), 55 – 68
Chao-Hung Wang. 2011. “Clarifying the Effects of R&D on Performance: Evidence from the
High Technology Industries”, Asia Pacific Management Review vol. 16(1) p.51-64
Dain C. Donelson., Robert J. Resutek. 2012. “The effect of R&D on future returns and earnings
Forecasts”, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC
Drucker P. 2005. “The Purpose of a Business.” New Zealand Management, (September 1), 27.
Erickson G., and R. Jacobson. 1992. “Gaining Comparative Advantage through Discretionary
Expenditures: The Returns to R&D and Advertising,” Management Science, 38(9) (September),
1264 – 1279.
Hayes R.H., and W.J. Abernathy. 1980. “Economic Scene 'Results Now': Pay Later?” The New
York Times, (August 22).