Research Proposal: Understanding Lifestyle Changes in Diabetes

This research proposal investigates the lifestyle changes experienced by patients with diabetes, focusing on Type 2 diabetes. It aims to understand the impact of these changes on disease management and overall patient well-being. The proposal outlines the background of the study, problem statement, research aim and objectives, and research questions. It includes a literature review discussing the importance of lifestyle modifications and the challenges patients face, such as depression, in adhering to these changes. The methodology section details data collection and analysis methods, sample size, proposed timeline, ethical considerations, and expected outcomes. The study intends to use both primary and secondary data sources, employing qualitative and quantitative analysis techniques to provide a comprehensive understanding of the lifestyle adjustments and restrictions imposed on individuals with diabetes.

Running head: Research Proposal
Research Proposal
Name of the Student:
Name of the University:
Author Note:

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Table of Contents
Introduction......................................................................................................................................2
Background of the study..................................................................................................................2
Problem Statement...........................................................................................................................3
Research Aim and Objectives..........................................................................................................3
Research Questions..........................................................................................................................4
Literature review..............................................................................................................................4
Depression and Adherence to Lifestyle Changes in Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review........5
Research Methodology....................................................................................................................6
Data collection method....................................................................................................................6
Data analysis method.......................................................................................................................7
Sample Size.....................................................................................................................................7
Proposed timeline............................................................................................................................8
Ethical issues...................................................................................................................................8
Limitations.......................................................................................................................................9
Expected Outcome...........................................................................................................................9
References......................................................................................................................................11

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Introduction
Diabetes is considered to be one of the severe disease that ends to occur when the blood
glucose which is also known as the blood sugar tends to become too much high in an individual.
It is to be noted that the blood glucose is considered to be the main source of the energy which
tends to come from the food that an individual tends to eat. In order to control the diabetes, it is
very important for the patients to change their life style such as the alteration of the diet, increase
in the exercise (Rise et al 2013). However, one of the best way that diabetes can be treated is
through the elimination of the life style activity which is very much unhealthy in its nature like
that of the smoking, consuming huge amount of alcohol. A person suffering from the diabetes
also tends to have huge issues in sleeping as well (Sumlin et al 2014). Therefore, it can be said
that the lifestyle of an individual tends to change when an individual suffers from the diabetes.
The assignment will be focusing on the changes in the lifestyle that the patients suffering from
diabetes tends to go through.
Background of the study
The situation in which the blood glucose which is also known as the blood sugar tends to
be too high in an individual the individual is claimed to suffer from diabetes in itself. it leads to
various diseases like the cardiovascular disease, damage in the nerves, damage in the kidneys as
well as the damage in that of the eyes, foot or that of the skin (Wermeling et al 2014). It also
leads to various problems like that of the problems in hearing and Alzheimer’s disease.
However, one of the best way to prevent the diabetes is that of the change in the life style
(Brouns 2018). Change in the lifestyle helps to prevent the diabetes in the basis of the long term.

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On the other hand, it can be noted that having healthy food as well as doing regular activities
also tends to prevent the diabetes (Cotter et al 2014). Hence, it can be said that the lifestyle tends
to change when an individual tends to suffer from diabetes. This proposal will be focusing on
the ways in which the lifestyle of an individual tends to get changed when an individual suffers
from the diabetes.
Problem Statement
Diabetes is considered to be one of the most dangerous disease as it tends to affect the
other organs of the individual as well. However, the change in the lifestyle of the patient who
tends to suffer from diabetes helps the individual to eradicate the disease (Jiménez-Osorio 2015).
Hence, it can be said that the patient who tends to suffer from diabetes tends to go through huge
changes in the lifestyle (Alouki 2016).
Research Aim and Objectives
The aim of the research is to understand the changes that are being brought in the patients
who tends to suffer from some form of diabetes.
The objectives of the research are as follows:
1. The understand the changes in the lifestyle of the patients suffering from some form of
diabetes
2. To understand the importance of curing the diabetic disease
3. To understand the restrictions imposed upon the patients who tends t suffer from some
form of diabetes.

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Research Questions
1. What are the changes in the lifestyle that the patient tends to undergo when the patient
suffers from some form of diabetes?
2. What are the ways in which the diabetic disease can be cured?
3. What are the restrictions imposed upon an individual who tends to suffer from some form
of diabetes?
Literature review
Making and Maintaining Lifestyle Changes after Participating in Group Based Type 2
Diabetes Self-Management Educations
The management of the disease is very much important in the diabetes of type two. The
education of the diabetes self management is very important as it provides the knowledge
necessary to create and maintain changes in the lifestyle. In order to carry out the research, the
information or the data is being collected through the interviews which are qualitative and semi-
structured among the twenty three patients who have attended the groups initiations that are
being taken in the central Norway. Questions were asked to the participants on how they had
utilized the advise and what are the changes that they have implemented after taking the advise
from the course. It is to be noted that knowledge is very much important for making the
necessary changes in the life style. Three factors tends to affect the lifestyle such as the
obtaining of the new knowledge, taking hold of the responsibility and thirdly taking confirmation
of lifestyle which is very much healthy in its nature. Various studies that have been conducted
indicates that four factors tends to encourage the individuals in order to maintain the changes
such as the support that is being taken from the others, experiencing an effect, the fear of

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suffering from various complications and finally on the formation of the various new habits. The
conclusion that can be derived from the study is that knowledge is very important to create and
maintain various number of changes in the diet, phsycial activity and in that of the medication.
Knowledge tends to act as a validation of lifestyle which is very much adequate in its nature
(Rise et al 2013). However, it is to be noted that the knowledge tends to make no changes if
the diabetes tends to appear not that scary or when the changes that needs to be implemented
was assumed to be very much time consuming. The patients who are participating in the
education of the diabetes needs to be very much conscious of the challenges in convincing the
asymptomatic patients about the various advantages of adherence of the management behavior
of the self.
Depression and Adherence to Lifestyle Changes in Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review
Various studies that have been conducted indicates the fact that huge number of people
tends to suffer from depression. however it is to be noted that patients who tends to suffer from
diabetes tends to suffer more from the issues of depression. The main purpose of the study was
the study was to produce recent research on the depression and the various recommendations in
person with the diabetes of the type two. The review is considered to be the sub analysis of the
meta analysis which is very much funded by the NIH. The studies indicate that about thirteen
electronic databases have utilized terms such as the depression, T2DM diabetes and adherence.
Report was made in selected studies that tends to lie between the year 2000 and 2012. It tends to
focus on the adults with T2DM as well as on the measured depression and dietary and physical
activity. It is to be noted that twenty seven studies which involves of bout n7266 participants
were being selected for this study. However, it is to be noted that 54 percent of the participants
were female and of the age group of 62 years in that of the general account. When repot was

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being provided , it is seen that the prevalence of the depression ranged between 4.5 % to that of
the 74 percent. It is to be noted that six intervention studies aimed on the treatment of the
diabetes with or without the treatment of the depression. it is to be noted that no studies were
mainly focused on the treatment of the depression. on the other hand, twenty one descriptive
studies analysed the relationship that tends to lie between the depression and that of the diet or
with the adherence of the physical activity. As a result a negative association is being found. On
the other hand, it is to be noted that two of the six intervention studies analyzed this relationship
on which the findings were considered to be very much unpredictable. The conclusion that can
be derived from this study is that depression was very much connected with low devotion to the
diabetes, care of the self as it is being proved by the descriptive studies (Sumlin et al 2014). The
result is that the intervention studies are considered to be very much conflicting in its nature.
However, it is to be noted that the research in future must focus on the effects of treating
depression on that of the disease like that of the health outcome of the diabetes.
Research Methodology
Data collection method
The research can be conducted through the collection of both the primary and that of the
secondary sources of the data or information. The primary data can be collected through the
means of the various source of information like that of the survey and the interview. On the other
hand, it is to be noted that the secondary sources will be all the information and the datas which
are already collected and are available in the online platforms (Hofisi 2014). In order to carry out
the research, it is to be noted that both the types of the data will be carried out.

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Data analysis method
In order to examine the qualitative data which is being collected through the survey, the
information’s which are collected will be changed into that of the numbers and even in
percentages. This will be helping in gaining comprehensive information of the data which is
being collected. These informations can later be changed into that of the graphs and charts to
represent a pictorial or a graphical representation of the data. However, in order to estimate the
qualitative information, the approach of the theme must be undertaken. Later the data or the
information which is collected from the interview must be written in consideration the various
themes that are relatively directed to the topic of the research.
Sample Size
The technique of the sampling which will be used for the conduction of the research will
include both the probability and the non-probability sampling. However, apart from this, the
simple random sampling will be utilized for the study to have an accurate understanding of the
topic of the research. It is being assumed that around 50 patients suffering from the diabetes will
be requested to take part in the survey and around 3 professionals of the health care who tends to
take care of the patients suffering from diabetes will also be requested to present their
perspective on the subject of the research.

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Proposed timeline
0-2 3-6 7-8 9-10 14th
Research
Activities
Weeks Weeks Weeks Weeks Week
selection
of
Research
topic
Literature
Review
Data
collection
Data
analysis
Final
business
Research
thesis
Ethical issues
It must be noted that in order to conduct the research, proper guidelines of ethics must be
followed. In order to collect the information. It must be ensured that none of the participants are
being forced to take part in the survey. In order to make sure that the participants are taking part
in the survey by their own will, they must fill up a consent form. It will become a proof of their
consent. It should be noted that there must not be any sort of logo or symbol of any company in
the paper of the survey that tend to portray a form of advertisement (Harriss and Atkinson
2015).The research that will be conducted is totally academic and these things therefore should

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totally be avoided. If authorization is required, that must be taken from that of the University and
must be presented in the time of the need. However, in order to carry out the secondary research,
it is very important to do referencing as it will help in avoiding plagiarism. Any form of
approach that will be violating the norms and the regulations must not be followed.
Limitations
According to Shipman (2014), no matter how good a research is being conducted, it is
bound to have certain limitations. The first limitation that will be considered while conducting
the research is that of the time frame. Apart from this, the accessibility of the resources is
considered to be a limitation of the research. The situation may arise that certain resources
which are required for the conduction of the research might not be available as well. On the other
hand, another limitation hat might be faced through the conduction of the research is that the
responses that is gained through the respondents might not be good enough for getting a fruitful
outcome. On the other hand, issues might arise related to the gaining the authorization of the
dates of interview from that of the professionals of the health care or from the patients who are
suffering from some form of diabetes
No matter how many limitations or problems that are being faced through the conduction
of the research, proper planning must be made in order to avoid any sorts of problem.
Expected Outcome
The outcome which is expected from the research is that the changes in the lifestyle of
the patients who tends to suffer from diabetes tends to change. It is through the conduction of the
research, one can understand the effect of the diabetes on the lifestyle of the patients as well as
the changes in the lifestyle that must be implemented in order to recover from the disease.

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References
Alouki, K., Delisle, H., Bermúdez-Tamayo, C. and Johri, M., 2016. Lifestyle interventions to
prevent type 2 diabetes: a systematic review of economic evaluation studies. Journal of diabetes
research, 2016.
Brouns, F., 2018. Overweight and diabetes prevention: is a low-carbohydrate–high-fat diet
recommendable?. European journal of nutrition, 57(4), pp.1301-1312.
Cotter, A.P., Durant, N., Agne, A.A. and Cherrington, A.L., 2014. Internet interventions to
support lifestyle modification for diabetes management: a systematic review of the
evidence. Journal of Diabetes and its Complications, 28(2), pp.243-251.
Harriss, D.J. and Atkinson, G., 2015. Ethical standards in sport and exercise science research:
2016 update. International journal of sports medicine, 36(14), pp.1121-1124.
Hofisi, C., Hofisi, M. and Mago, S., 2014. Critiquing interviewing as a data collection
method. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 5(16), p.60.
Jiménez-Osorio, A.S., Gonzalez-Reyes, S. and Pedraza-Chaverri, J., 2015. Natural Nrf2
activators in diabetes. Clinica chimica acta, 448, pp.182-192.
Rise, M.B., Pellerud, A., Rygg, L.Ø. and Steinsbekk, A., 2013. Making and maintaining lifestyle
changes after participating in group based type 2 diabetes self-management educations: a
qualitative study. PLoS one, 8(5).
Shipman, M.D., 2014. The limitations of social research. Routledge.

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Sumlin, L.L., Garcia, T.J., Brown, S.A., Winter, M.A., García, A.A., Brown, A. and Cuevas,
H.E., 2014. Depression and adherence to lifestyle changes in type 2 diabetes: a systematic
review. The Diabetes Educator, 40(6), pp.731-744.
Wermeling, M., Thiele-Manjali, U., Koschack, J., Lucius-Hoene, G. and Himmel, W., 2014.
Type 2 diabetes patients’ perspectives on lifestyle counselling and weight management in
general practice: a qualitative study. BMC family practice, 15(1), p.97.