Evidence-Based Project: Clinical Inquiry and Research Analysis

This document comprises an analysis of four peer-reviewed research articles focusing on healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) and related interventions. The analysis examines the rationale for article selection, the clinical relevance, ethical considerations, and the aims of each study. The articles cover topics such as infection control in nursing homes, ward closure for outbreak control, cost-effectiveness of surgical site infection prevention, and a national initiative to reduce catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs). The document provides detailed descriptions of the research methodologies employed in each study, including whether they were qualitative, quantitative, or mixed-methods approaches. The studies utilized various methodologies including experimental cohort studies, systematic reviews, quantitative analyses, and AHRQ safety programs, to assess the effectiveness of different interventions in reducing HAIs and improving patient outcomes. The assignment fulfills part of a Module 2 Assessment focusing on evidence-based projects and research methodologies.

Use this document to complete Part 2 of the Module 2 Assessment, Evidence-Based Project, Part 1: An Introduction to
Clinical Inquiry and Part 2: Research Methodologies
Full citation of
selected article
Article #1 Article #2 Article #3 Article #4
Clifton, M., Kralovic, S.
M., Simbartl, L. A., Minor,
L., Hasselbeck, R.,
Martin, T., & Roselle, G.
A. (2018). Achieving
balance between
implementing effective
infection prevention and
control practices and
maintaining a home-like
setting in US Department
of Veterans Affairs
nursing homes. American
journal of infection
control, 46(11), 1307-
1310.
Wong, H., Eso, K.,
Ip, A., Jones, J.,
Kwon, Y.,
Powelson, S., ... &
Taylor, G. (2015).
Use of ward
closure to control
outbreaks among
hospitalized
patients in acute
care settings: a
systematic
review. Systemati
c reviews, 4(1),
152.
Karlsen, V. E.
(2015). Surgical
site infection
prevention in a
local hospital
setting-A cost-
effectiveness
analysis of a multi-
modal intervention
to prevent surgical
site infection after
hemi arthroplasty
in hip fracture
patients (Master's
thesis).
Mody, L., Meddings, J., Edson, B. S.,
McNamara, S. E., Trautner, B. W., Stone, N.
D., ... & Saint, S. (2015). Enhancing resident
safety by preventing healthcare-associated
infection: a national initiative to reduce catheter-
associated urinary tract infections in nursing
homes. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 61(1), 86-
94.
Why you chose this
article and/or how it
relates to the clinical
issue of interest
(include a brief
explanation of the
ethics of research
related to your clinical
issue of interest)
The peer reviewed
scholarly literature was
chosen as the research
study as it critically
focused on the issue of
healthcare associated
infection within geriatric
care setting. My clinical
area of interest
includes adapting
infection control
measures to reduce
the prevalence of
catheter associated
urinary tract infections
among the aged care
unit. The reason for the
same being the highest
The peer reviewed
research article also
evaluated the
effectiveness of
infection control
prevention strategies
within healthcare
setting. It should be
noted in this regard
that the research
paper evaluated the
effectiveness of
ward closure as a
potential strategy to
prevent the
transmission of
infection within a
clinical setting.
The peer reviewed
research article
discusses about the
infection prevention
intervention
strategies that help in
the prevention of
surgical site
infections. The
chosen article is
aligned with my
clinical area of
interest that covers
infection control
among healthcare
setting and surgical
site infection covers a
major proportion of
This article also deals with enhancing patient
safety and reducing the prevalence of hospital
acquired infection within the clinical setting. The
chosen article is aligned to my topic of research
interest and discusses about potential
intervention strategies which could be
implemented to acquire positive outcome. The
research paper emphasizes on the fact that
prevention of healthcare associated infections
is integral for promoting a better standard of
living. The research is based on evaluating the
resident safety plan laid down by the U.S
Department of Health and Human Services to
reduce the prevalence on infection and CAUTI
across 500 hospitals across 50 states in the
United States funded by the Agency for
Healthcare Research and Quality. In addition to
this, the research also emphasizes on

prevalence of HAI
being reported within
aged care facilities.
The research study
stated that on
implementation of the
infection control
measures, the
prevalence of Catheter
Associated Infections
reduced up to 51%.
The selected research
paper is about the
reduction of CAUTI in
elderly patients which
is aligned to my clinical
area of interest and
this will guide me in
further research
activities.
The research
presents an
overview about the
evidence based
infection control
strategies that align
with my chosen area
of interest.
Therefore, I have
chosen this research
paper.
the healthcare
associated infection
burden. Research
studies indicate that
surgical site
infections account for
a total of 11% of the
healthcare
associated infections
that affect elderly
within a care setting.
promoting professionals excellence, improved
catheter utilization, catheter care and
antimicrobial stewardship so as to maintain
improved patient safety within long term care.
This research interests me as it relates to my
research interest and also considers the
implementation of interventions within the
healthcare organizations of United States. This
paper helps in developing an overview about
the effective infection control interventions in
order to promote positive patient outcome.
Brief description of
the aims of the
research of each
peer-reviewed article
The aim of the
research study was to
reduce the prevalence
of catheter associated
infections among US
veterans in CLC
setting. The issue of
nosocomial infection
within a healthcare
setting is extremely
challenging and
requires the
implementation of
strong evidence based
intervention strategies
in order to prevent the
progression of infection
and promote positive
The aim of the study
was to identify the
effectiveness of
ward closure for the
prevention of
infection outbreak
among hospitalized
patients. The
method of ward
closure to prevent
infection outbreaks
is widely used
across healthcare
settings. However,
through this
research, the
researchers tried to
evaluate that
The aim of the
research study was
to identify the risk
factors that lead to
surgical site
infections and
estimate the cost-
effectiveness
associated with the
application of multi-
modal intervention
strategy across a
local healthcare
setting. As mentioned
by the background
research surgical site
infections lead to
increased medical
The aim of the research article was to evaluate
that whether professional development in terms
of catheter utilization, catheter care and
maintenance, antimicrobial stewardship, patient
safety and leadership engagement could help
in the reduction of healthcare associated
infections. The research basically comprised of
realizing the vision of implementing a national
infection control initiative across 500 acute
hospitals across the 50 states in the United
States of America. The researchers further
mention in this regard that catheter associated
urinary tract infections are rising at a rapid pace
within the US healthcare system especially
among the old age population. This leads to
increased medical expenditure, longer duration
of hospital stay, frequent re-hospitalizations and
deterioration in the quality of life of the old age

patient outcome. The
researchers have
specifically highlighted
in this paper that the
use of medical devices
such as the catheter
associated urinary tract
infections and the use
of central line
associated infections
are among the widely
transmitted and the
most serious infections
that require immediate
mitigation and control.
whether or not ward
closure was an
effective method to
control outbreak
containment.
expenses, a varied
range of clinical
consequences and
diminished the quality
of life among the
elderly. The
researchers were of
the opinion that the
strategic use of
antibiotic cement,
antibiotic prophylaxis
as well as 2 surgeons
for the hemi-
anthroplasty
treatment of hip-bone
fracture among the
elderly could prevent
surgical site
infections.
adults. The implementation of AHRQ program
within the long term care unit could help in
significantly reducing the prevalence of UTIs in
the elderly.
Brief description of
the research
methodology used
Be sure to identify if
the methodology
used was qualitative,
quantitative, or a
mixed-methods
approach. Be specific.
The research
methodology used by
the researchers
comprised of
conducting an
experimental cohort
study that evaluated
the effectiveness of
Catheter associated
urinary tract infection
prevention intervention
strategies for a period
of 8 years from
October 2010 to
September 2016. The
researchers conducted
a quantitative analysis
in order to estimate the
impact of applied
interventions on the
reduction of catheter
The researchers
conducted a
systematic review of
scholarly literatures
in order to determine
that whether or not
effective ward
closure could help in
the prevention of
infection
transmission. The
researchers
conducted an
exhaustive search of
scholarly journals on
four databases that
comprised of
MEDLINE 1946 to
July 7th 2014,
EMBASE 1974 to
July 7th 2014,
The research
methodology followed
by the researcher
was quantitative and
the association
between the
independent and
dependent variables
were determined
through statistical
analysis. The
researchers collected
the patient data from
Baerum hospital in
Norway and critically
identified and
analyzed the risk
factors, clinical
consequences and
involved hospital
costs. In addition to
The researchers adapted an experimental
research methodology which comprised of
implementing the AHRQ SAFETY PROGRAM
in Long Term Care: HAIs/ CAUTI across 500
nursing homes and then conducting a statistical
analysis to evaluate the patient outcome. The
AHRQ Safety Program within the Long term
Care: HAIs/CAUTI is the national initiative
which covers a clinical concept as well as a
socio-adaptive component in order to improve
the safety culture within different healthcare
settings. The principles of the program primarily
comprises of devising simple interventions
measures to adapt a systematic review that
focuses on the prevention of Catheter
Associated UTIs and development of resources
to stringently monitor and evaluate the
prevalence of CAUTIs using the real-time data
that guides prevention of infection. Further, the
program also comprised of imparting training to
the care professionals so as to integrate a

associated urinary
infections in the
veterans.
CINAHL 1937 to 8th
July 2014 and
Cochrane Database
of Systematic
Reviews 2005 to
May 2014. In
addition to this, the
researchers
conducted an
additional search on
MED ,LILACS,
reference lists from
retrieved articles,
conference
proceedings and the
websites of WHO,
ICID and CDCP.
The researchers
also included patient
studies who were
hospitalized within
care facilities and
used ward closure
as a method of
infection control from
outbreak.
this, the decision
analytical modelling
was used to estimate
the cost effectiveness
of the applied
intervention
strategies. It should
be noted that the
analyses, results and
the evidence served
as assumptions for
the economic model.
In addition to this, the
second order
uncertainty was
evaluated using the
probabilistic
sensitivity analysis.
culture of patient safety and collaborating with
quality innovation so as to ensure continuous
quality improvement in terms of service delivery
and patient safety.