Research Methodology Assessment for the Service Sector: Analysis

This report provides a comprehensive overview of research methodologies applicable to the service sector, focusing on the health and safety of the workforce. It begins by defining research methodology, explaining the differences between qualitative and quantitative research methods, and then details the research approach, including deductive, inductive, and abductive approaches. The report further explores research philosophy, contrasting pragmatism, positivism, realism, and interpretivism. It discusses research design, differentiating between exploratory and conclusive designs, and delves into data collection methods, emphasizing primary and secondary data. The report also addresses ethical considerations and acknowledges research limitations. Finally, it includes a questionnaire designed to gather data on employee perceptions of safety measures and organizational practices. This document serves as a valuable resource for understanding and applying research methods within the service industry.

Assessment Research
Methods for the Service
Sector

Table of Contents
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY.........................................................................................................................1
QUESTIONNAIRE..........................................................................................................................................6
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................................31

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
It includes survey research, secondary data, interviews, participants observation, etc.
The research methodology includes both present and past information. It is a plan which is
systematically operated in a research project (Creswell, and Creswell, 2017). There are two
methods in which research can be conducted they are, Qualitative and quantitative research
methods. A qualitative research is designed to reveal audience behavior for a research while
quantitative is designed by information related to statistics, computation and mathematical
attributes. In this research of health and safety of work force in Hotel Hilton researchers prefer to
use quantitative research method.
Research approach – A research approach is a set of plan which is developed by taking steps of
assumptions which includes method of collecting data, analyzing it and interpret it as well
(Fragkiadaki, and Ravanis, 2016). Research approach is an important part of scientific study in
the area of research. It is important for a research project to conduct research approach as to
inform action, prove theory and contribute developing knowledge in a study. There are three
types of research approach. These are deductive, inductive and abductive research approach.
 Deductive approach - A Deductive approach of research is formulated by a set of
hypothesis which is based upon existing theory and research strategy is designed in order
to test the formulated hypothesis. The process of this approach is firstly theory is
developed and after that hypothesis formulated (Nasta, Pirolo, and Wikström, 2016).
Then comes testing of hypothesis and after that researchers execute their research for
which they confirm or reject the theory.
 Inductive approach – An Inductive research approach which is a second method of
research approach is actually very different from deductive because it does not involve
any hypothesis formulation. The process this research approach follows is testing the
observation and then set the pattern after that theory is applied. This approach of research
begins with research questions in order to attain aims and objectives in process of
research
 Abductive approach – Third method type of research approach is an Abductive research
approach is a process which is devoted in explaining incomplete observations, surprising
facts and puzzles (Lampard, and Pole, 2015).
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The researchers will use inductive research approach in conducting this research which is related
to work force health and safety of hotel Hilton. Inductive research is suitable for this topic of
research because it does not involve any hypothesis and only focuses on research question to
achieve objectives of research.
Research philosophy – A research philosophy is a belief in which data for phenomenon must be
gathers , uses , analyze. It deals with development, nature and source of knowledge. The idea of
creation of knowledge may be appear in research philosophy. The research philosophy is divided
into four types, pragmatism, positivism, realism and interpretivism (Roulston, and Shelton,
2015).
 Pragmatism research philosophy - A pragmatism philosophy of research is a concept
which keeps research questions is very vital determinant of research philosophy.
Pragmatist users are free to use any combination of method which is found relevant to
them for their research questions (Murphy, 2017). Also, they did not use multiple method
at the same time instead of this they use combinations of methods which works perfectly
all together.
 Positivism research philosophy – A positivism philosophy of research is depended on
quantifiable observations which lead to statistical analysis . It is highly structures and
collects data from large samples. Also, only measures quantifiable data but this method
of research philosophy is also flexible with qualitative data. Realism research philosophy – A research philosophy method realism relies on idea of
independence from mind of human being. Also, the philosophy is wholly based on
assumptions of scientific approach for the knowledge development (Chow, and et.al.,
2017). Realism can be further divided into two parts, one is direct realism and other is
critical realism.◦ Direct realism – This realism is also called as naive realism. The direct realism
always describes the world by senses of humans (Capdevila, and McAvoy, 2016).
◦ Critical realism – This realism is different from direct realism because this method
argues against experience of humans senses. It assumes that senses and image of real
world are generally deceptive and are different from actual.
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 Interpretivism research philosophy – An interpretivism philosophy is also known as
interpretivist which involves researchers to interpret study elements. The researcher uses
interpretivism philosophy by shared meanings, language, instruments and consciousness
(Clarke, 2018).
The researcher for accessing this research report of health and safety for employees of Hotel
Hilton will use positivism research philosophy method.
Research design – A research design is overall strategy which a researcher chooses as to
integrate different components of study in logical and coherent way. Thereby ensuring
researchers will effectively addresses the problem of research (Highfield, and Leaver, 2015). The
research design constitutes blueprint for measurement, analysis and collecting data. Research
design is framework in order to create successful accomplishing of questions. The research
strategy and research method are related with collection of data and analysis is an important
element of designing research. The research design is divided into two types. They are
exploratory and conclusive research design.
 Exploratory research design – An exploratory research design explore the question of
research and it does not concern for the final solution of current problem of research
which is the topic of research. It provides researchers a better way to understand the
problem of research. It is an initial research which provided a base of conclusive
research. This research design also helps in determining sampling methodologies,
research design, data collection, etc (Chow, and et.al., 2017). This research design is
capable to handle new problems on which previous research have not done. Conclusive research design – The conclusive research is likely to adopt advance
technique of analytical, statistical test, large sample size etc. This research design uses
more quantitative techniques rather than qualitative ones. This design of research provide
aid for reliable and representative image of population by application of a valid
instrument of research (Research Methodology. 2019). Conclusive research design will
be further divided into two, They are :
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◦ Descriptive research – It can be characterized as attempt to determine, identify and
describe (Lampard, and Pole, 2015). This research aims to cast light on present
problem by which data collection enables by them to describe the whole situation.
◦ Casual research – This research is also called explanatory research which is
conducted to identify the nature and to extend of which cause and effect relationship.
In order to make impact of changes in present norms this research can be conducted.
The researcher will use exploratory research design method for providing solution of the concern
for health and safety of work force.
Sampling – A sampling is explained as a specific principle which is used to select population
which is to be included in the research report. Sampling is done by selecting people from a large
group of population. The sampling makes a both research type and size manageable. It also saves
the research cost (Bryman, 2016). The sampling provides an opportunities to process information
in efficient manner.
Data collection - It is a process by which the data and information are collected from various
fields such as social, sciences and other views from people. To make a fair research, data
collection plays and important role as without collecting data and gathering information of the
relevant topic, research is not completed and also it looks no different from the other researcher
(Taylor, Bogdan and DeVault, 2015). As the researcher have to play various role while
collecting data and the information of the topic which they selected and the major aspect is
related to honesty and discipline as the matter which they collected must be honest and not
present false statement. Various other authors and even students follow the researcher work and
if they represent false comment than it only occurs the impact on the society but also equals to
false learning.
Usually the data which are collected are not fixed, it changes upon the changes in time
and environment demands. If the researcher research on the topic which they selected and there
is a change in demand and need than also they can modify there work and research into deep
about that changes (Sutton and Austin, 2015). As it bring new ideas and facts to the society and
also it helps the government or the companies to take effective decision regarding managing their
work. Innovative ideas and facts are always helpful for the researcher which helps them to
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distinguished from the other researcher work and make their work successful. There are two
types of data collection -Primary data and secondary data.
 Primary data are such data which is collected by the researcher from the first time and
they are relevant to the original work. As the success of the research work deepens upon
the original collection of information or data which helps the researcher to present
himself in the society. As if they copy someone else work than it results to neglect of
their hard work which affects their time and management work which they spend while
committing the work (Bulmer, 2017). As if the data is collected directly by the researcher
it gives more accurate results as they didn't take any helps from the authors and also they
conducted survey and gather information itself only. In this they can gather information
through questionnaire method also, as they can directly approach to people and ask their
reviews regarding to the topic and collect data accordingly. But in mainly cases the minds
are not fixed when the researcher ask question to them. As they answer to that question
regarding to their mood. If they are at good mood they give accurate reviews regarding
their thinking, similarly as with the spoil mood the results are not so accurate. This
affects the reputation of the hotel and also the feedback reviews provides less goodwill to
the company.
 Secondary Data are such data which is collected by taking helps from other authors or the
data and matters are collected from the resources which is not original. As this consist of
the less expensive method because the matter are easily available through other resource
and they can use it in their own research work (Ali and et.al., 2018). As their method is
passed through the statistical method and the answers of the appropriate judgement can
also be raised in data collection.
As the researcher can use both the method to conduct the research work and complete the
research with accurate finding of the matter of their topic selected. This is helpful for them to
take the effective decision making and also be helpful in case of conducting survey in large
population.
Ethical consideration – An ethical consideration is very vital in any research. The ethics are
standards which usually conducts a distinction between right and wrong (Pyrczak, 2016). The
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researchers has executed this research in ethical circumstances and did not prefer any
misrepresentation.
Research limitation – There was lack of previous studies observed in this research topic. Also, it
takes huge time to study and collect samples (Harsoor, and Bhaskar, 2016).
QUESTIONNAIRE
QUESTIONNAIRE
1) Do you agree that safety kits are provided by the organisation
 Highly agreed
 Agreed
 Strongly disagreed
 Disagreed
2) According to you, what are the heath and safety norms provided by the company.
 Proper Training
 Safety tools
 Compensation schemes
 Medical treatment
3) From the following, what are the factors which is used by the employer to their employee
regarding saftey and protection
 Motivation
 Involvement of employees in work
 Recognition of dangerous work
 Own decision making
4) From the following, what is the duty of the organisation regarding breach in safety norms by
the employee's
 Inspect the matter before fire him
 Claim for the loss incurred
 Terminate from the job directly
 Provide opportunity to clarify the views
5) Do you think, employee is personally responsible for the taking care of their health
 Yes
 No
6

6) Do you agree that organisation treat their employees with more care and also take care of
their safety during working hours
 Strongly agree
 Agreed
 strongly disagree
 Disagree
7)From the following, what are the factors which needed in the organisation to motivate
employees to be more dedicated towards their health and safety
 Stress free environment
 Leaders support
 Team work
 More communication
8)From the above factors, who are the committee for safety if any person gets injured at the
time of committing work.
 Senior management
 HR department
 Supervisors
 On site safety officers
9)Do you agree that organisation partiality between man and women at the time of working in
dangerous places
 Yes
 No
10)From the following, what are the factors which results in lack of proper management
regarding heath and safety implementation
 Uneducated person
 Saving money
 Overconfident
 Time consuming method
11) Do you think that organisation set some medical care centre or ambulance facility at the
work place
 Yes
 No
12)From the below options, which person are not appointed to work in dangerous places
7

 Physically challenge person
 Mentally challenged person
 person who is already injured
 All of above
13)From the option, what are the various factors under which safety is important in workplace
 Awareness about the surroundings
 Use safety equipments
 To sit with proper posture
 Reduce work stress
14)Do you think that there are separate doctors for check up of women in organisation
 Yes
 No
15) From the following, what are the periods that organisation adapt for medical check up of
their employees
 Daily
 Weekly
 Monthly
 Yearly
16) At the time of injuries, what are the procedure should organisation used
 Emergency action plan
 Internal audit policy
 Provide compensation
 Worksite analysis and survey
Descriptives
Frequencies
8

Statistics
Do
you
agree
that
safet
y kits
are
provi
ded
by
the
orga
nisati
on
Ac
cor
din
g to
you
,
wha
t
are
the
heat
h
and
safe
ty
nor
ms
pro
vid
ed
by
the
co
mp
any
.
Fro
m
the
foll
owi
ng,
wh
at
are
the
fact
ors
whi
ch
is
use
d
by
the
em
plo
yer
to
thei
r
em
plo
yee
reg
ardi
ng
saft
ey
and
prot
ecti
on
Fro
m
the
follo
wing
,
what
is the
duty
of
the
orga
nisati
on
regar
ding
breac
h in
safet
y
norm
s by
the
empl
oyee'
s
Do
you
thin
k,
empl
oyee
is
pers
onall
y
resp
onsi
ble
for
the
takin
g
care
of
their
healt
h
Do
you
agree
that
orga
nisati
on
treat
their
empl
oyee
s
with
more
care
and
also
take
care
of
their
safet
y
durin
g
work
ing
hour
s
Fro
m
the
follo
wing
,
what
are
the
facto
rs
whic
h
need
ed in
the
orga
nisati
on to
moti
vate
empl
oyee
s to
be
more
dedic
ated
towa
rds
their
healt
h
and
safet
y
Fro
m
the
abo
ve
fact
ors,
who
are
the
com
mitt
ee
for
safe
ty if
any
pers
on
gets
inju
red
at
the
time
of
com
mitt
ing
wor
k.
Do
you
agree
that
orga
nisati
on
parti
ality
betw
een
man
and
wom
en at
the
time
of
work
ing
in
dang
erous
place
s
From
the
follow
ing,
what
are the
factors
which
results
in lack
of
proper
manag
ement
regard
ing
heath
and
safety
imple
mentat
ion
Do
you
think
that
orga
nisati
on
set
some
medi
cal
care
centr
e or
amb
ulanc
e
facili
ty at
the
work
place
Fro
m
the
belo
w
opti
ons,
whi
ch
pers
on
are
not
app
oint
ed
to
wor
k in
dan
gero
us
plac
es
Fro
m
the
opti
on,
wha
t
are
the
vari
ous
fact
ors
und
er
whi
ch
safe
ty is
imp
orta
nt
in
wor
kpl
ace
Do
you
think
that
there
are
separ
ate
doct
ors
for
chec
k up
of
wom
en in
orga
nisati
on
Fro
m
the
follo
wing
,
what
are
the
perio
ds
that
orga
nisati
on
adapt
for
medi
cal
chec
k up
of
their
empl
oyee
s
At
the
time
of
injuri
es,
what
are
the
proce
dure
shoul
d
organ
isatio
n
used
9

N
V
ali
d
20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20
M
iss
in
g
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mea
n 2.20 2.6
5
2.4
5 2.10 1.55 2.20 2.50 2.25 1.60 2.55 1.40 2.75 2.4
5 1.35 2.60 2.45
Med
ian 2.00 2.5
0
2.0
0 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.50 2.00 2.00 2.50 1.00 3.00 2.0
0 1.00 3.00 3.00
Mod
e 2 4 2 1 2 1 2a 1 2 2 1 4 2 1 3 3
Std.
Devi
atio
n
1.10
5
1.1
82
1.1
46
1.11
9 .510 1.10
5
1.05
1
1.16
4 .503 1.099 .503 1.16
4
1.1
46 .489 .995 1.146
Vari
ance
1.22
1
1.3
97
1.3
13
1.25
3 .261 1.22
1
1.10
5
1.35
5 .253 1.208 .253 1.35
5
1.3
13 .239 .989 1.313
Mini
mu
m
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Max
imu
m
4 4 4 4 2 4 4 4 2 4 2 4 4 2 4 4
a. Multiple modes exist. The smallest value is shown
Interpretation
From the analysis of above descriptive table it can be interpret that, most of the people
are agreed about maintenance of safety kit in organisation. They want that company should
provide safety tools to employees. They can be make employees understand about dangerous
work for maintenance of safety. Further, it was analysed that organisation should provide more
care to its employees and provide stress free environment and leader support to its employees. Hr
department is liable for providing proper safety to employees. No person with physical or mental
defect should be appointed for doing any dangerous job. Each employee should be aware about
10