Research Methodology: Motivation and Productivity in NHS Nursing, 2018

This research report investigates the impact of motivation on the productivity of NHS nursing staff, focusing on Lewisham Hospital as a case study. It explores the background of production, emphasizing the role of employee motivation in enhancing the quality of services and customer satisfaction. The report addresses research questions concerning the relationship between motivation and productivity in healthcare institutions, its applicability in other sectors, the challenges associated with motivation, and the primary beneficiaries of increased productivity. It justifies the study by evaluating the impact of employee motivation on the National Health Service, particularly at Lewisham Hospital, and indicates the importance of inter-organizational relationships relative to productivity. The objectives of the research include determining the positive effects of motivation on production and health service delivery, identifying the individuals within the NHS who need motivation, and mentioning the challenges faced during the motivation process. The report reviews the theoretical framework, the importance of motivation, and the research methodology, including the research design, qualitative methods, sampling methods, and methods of data analysis, along with data sources. The report aims to provide relevant information to organizations, helping them evaluate and implement employee motivation plans within their human resource policies. The report uses a qualitative research approach, descriptive statistics, and content analysis of secondary data from Lewisham Hospital and the National Health Service to draw conclusions on the relationship between motivation and productivity.

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Impact of motivation on NHS nursing at the level of productivity
Background
Production involves a process of bringing together the raw materials to make a final product that
will be sold. Output in any firm is taken carefully since it is what makes the company exist.
Managers, employees and other shareholders work closely in improving the production of a
particular firm (Tsofa, Gilson, Barasa, Nxumalo, Cleary, Goudge, Molyneux, and Lehmann
2017). In manufacturing, there is a need for increasing the quality of goods and services, increase
in sales and also the satisfaction of the customer’s interest.
The principal actors of the production are the employees who ensure that the standards of goods
and services produced are met and also are provided at the right time. The top management and
the shareholders should therefore consider the needs of the other employees through proper
rewards to the tasks assigned, additional work done and also appreciate the work done by the
employees (Gan, Wong, Dean and Hall 2017). Motivation in any institution is needed so that the
employees may work under no pressure and stress which helps the company improve its
production.
National Health Service is the communal funded national health care system for U.K. It is
considered as one of the most extensive single healthcare systems in the world. It gives health
services to all English residents which include emergency treatment for infectious disease free
for everyone including the visitors. The healthcare services are provided in several hospitals in
the United Kingdom, but in our research, we will use Lewisham Hospital.
National Health Service has its operating employees who their work is to ensure that there is a
proper delivery of services to the patients (Berdud, Cabasés, and Nieto 2016). The employees

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also provide that the production is high and maintained. The top managers should ensure that the
employees should work towards improving the output. The senior managers have proposed
motivation to the employees as one of the critical factors of increasing production (Galletta,
Portoghese and Battistelli 2011). The employees in the nursing sector can be motivated through
the following ways; Showing how the tasks fits with the goals, recognition of the job well done,
getting out of the employees way by ensuring that you are not strict with them, considering in
taking a survey and act on the results, give extra cash on the best performing employee (Cook,
Tone and Zhu 2011). Managing motivation over a long time so that employees will learn from
the history will also help. Finally, you should also remember that you are dealing with people.
Here we will find out a way in which motivation has helped in increasing the productivity.
Research questions
This paper will address the following questions
1. Does motivation help in improving the productivity in healthcare institution?
2. Can motivation be used as the primary factor in production at other institutions?
3. What are the challenges of motivation and how they can be improved?
4. Who are the primary beneficiaries of the increased productivity?
Justification of the study
The rationale behind this research is to evaluate the impact brought by the motivation of the
employees in national health services as long as production is concerned (Lewis 2015). The
paper will also indicate whether motivation can be used by the other institutions to increase their
productivity. The research will be carried out in Lewisham hospital in England. The staff and the

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employees will be interviewed and conclusions on productivity will be made. The paper will also
give the relationship between the productivity and motivation. This study is instrumental in
giving organizations relevant information that would help them in the process of evaluating and
implementing their employee motivation plans in the human resource policies. As well, it
signifies the importance of inter-organizational relationships relative to productivity of one
organization thus help both company policy makers and the implementing agencies.
Objectives of the research
The primary aim of this research is to determine whether motivation brings in positive effects in
production and delivery of health services by the National Health Service. The study aims at
identifying the people in the National Health Service who needs to be motivated to bring about
current production (Lewis 2015). The paper will also mention the challenges to be faced during
the process of motivation in National Health Service which will base its information from
Lewisham hospital.
Literature review
Theoretical framework
In the recent years, healthcare institutions have been facing a big problem in providing adequate
services to its customers. Its production of health facilities has been limited by several factors
including the dissatisfaction of the employees. The lower productivity is assumed to have been
caused by the nurses, doctors, the top managers and the shareholders in whole. This has made it
hard to deliver its services and has been a great fear that it would cause a collapse of the National
Health Service in England stated that motivation. (Berdud, Cabasés and Nieto 2016) in
healthcare organization could bring in motivation if well applied and monitored (Galetta 2011)

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added that motivation in any firm is the key to success and if used in healthcare organization will
bring in higher production.
Importance of motivation
According to May (2004), motivation plays a significant role in production in any firm. He stated
some several significance of motivation specifically in health sectors. They importance included
the following:
Motivation assists in changing negative feelings to positive ones. He said that with no
motivation, the employees tend to perform small activities assigned to them in an organization.
Motivation fees in the need and morale to perform their tasks at their best. May added that
motivation helps in achieving health goals which are improving the services and the performance
of both nurses and the doctors. Motivated employees always make sure that they are working
towards achieving the goals set by the senior management. The employees keep in mind that
through the realization of the organizational goal will lead to the achievement of their personal
goals and may lead to extra earnings.
He also states that motivation creates a conducive working environment. The relation between
the senior management and subordinates is improved if the employees’ needs are satisfied or are
recognized and respected if they offer a supportive e hand to the managers.
Cook, Tone and Zhu (2011), added to the importance of motivation to a firm’s production where
he based his information in health sectors in the United Kingdom. He said that motivation helps
the managers to administer changes in health firms. The motivated nurses and doctors have less
resistance in accepting the chances mostly in technology. Cook said that motivation creates
confidence for the employees to get their wants satisfied in the organization. Instead, they prefer

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to remain in work to increase their income rather than leaving the healthcare. With this
motivation, the employees’ turnover is less because it is difficult for the employees satisfied to
leave the job hence keeping the experienced doctors and nurses (Lewis 2015). Finally, Cook said
that motivation increases the performance level of the employees meaning that the employees
start performing their tasks to the best of their knowledge without wasting time and resources.
Motivation brings close the ability to work and willing to complete which will always improve
the efficiency and increase in production.
Research methodology
Research design
Since this paper will focus on the impact of the motivation of healthcare employees about its
production, a qualitative research will be appropriate for this study since it involves the provision
of descriptions on human behavior in the medical field. In fact, descriptive statistics suitable for
the description purpose will be applied in understanding the effects that motivation on healthcare
employees has on organizational productivity.
Qualitative methods
This study will focus on the dependent and independent variables such as the production and the
motivation in respect to employees’ performance. According to Honari, Mahmoudi and
Rahimizadeh (2018), qualitative methods are applied to ensure that the processes used to
promote increased production apart from the motivation of the employees. As Bal, Kooij and
Rousseau (2015), cites, the methods also check on the working conditions of the employees
where they explain whether adverse effect or positive effects to the same workers are realized.
Enough descriptions on employee motivation will be availed relative to its effect on productivity

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in healthcare. Qualitative methods will also help in analyzing the information from the
Lewisham hospital on the motivation. It will capture the production and the services offered
when the motivation factor is not employed. The qualitative method will enable the researcher
restructure the motivation techniques and be able to analyze its effects on the production’s
efficiency.
According to Luintel, Selim and Bajracharya (2017), this design of study is used to give the
specific characteristics realized during the research process in a practical way and form. The
expressive design will be applied to examine how motivation in Lewisham Hospital has led to an
increase in production and provision of health services using National Healthcare Service
information provided by the 2017 annual general report. With assistance of this method,
performance of several health cares will be observed accompanied by their annual reports. They
will then be recorded for further reference. The process will also use provide in-depth
understanding on the hospital’s motivational capability as well as the varying views on the
motives behind performance that leads to increased production. The review will include the brief
discussion of the hospitals top management and the principal shareholders on the issues related
to the employee's performance and their current production services.
Sampling method
Sampling will have a great importance in analyzing the productivity and provision of the services
by the NHS in England (Hole, Caskey, Evans, Fluck, Kumwenda, Steenkamp and Wilkie 2017).
In order to ensure that the information obtained is enough different departments from Lewisham
hospital will be covered (Valencia 2014). Different secondary sources of data will be sampled
based on the topic of study where employees’ views from various departments including the

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subsidiary staff will be obtained. As Faiz (2017), explains on present performance observations,
the researcher will observe the current performance of the different organizational departments
as documented in the sampled source documents.
The selected departments in the sampled documents will be ranked according to their current
production in Lewisham hospital. The recent annual report will be used as a reference in the
current performance of the employees. According to Prasetyo and Amboningtyas (2018), the
current motivation areas need to be analyzed guided by their relationship with the hospital’s
production. The management’s comments on the effects of the current motivation issues in
production will be of key importance as realized from the sampled secondary data sets. The
results obtained will be analyzed, and the conclusions will be pinched taking into account the
results obtained.
Method of data analysis
The information that will be collected from the annual report of both Lewisham hospital and
National Health Service in England will be used to show how motivation has resulted in
increased production and offering of proper service. Motivation areas will be well analyzed and
how they can bring in higher production. Since large volumes of secondary data will be obtained,
content analysis will suit this purpose as it will give adequate information on the impacts that
motivation on employees has on hospital’s productivity. The conclusions will be given using
tables and figures which will be well explained with the facts of the topic of research.
Sources of data
The information will be gotten from the secondary sources that will be the main source of
information in our research. The detailed information about employee motivation and its relation

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to productivity will be researched from the documented data from other scholars. Productivity
information will be reviewed from the latest annual report of the Lewisham hospital and the
National Health Service in England. This information will be used to analyze the current
production and also the motivation of employees and how they relate. Literature data will also be
reviewed using various health journals of Lewisham hospital, reports, newsletters and the
Lewisham hospital websites. Books, journals, news articles, and even professionally written-
medical blogs will be used in informing the study.
Validation
The study will be validated for both internal and external validation. On internal validation, the
relationship between employee motivation and improved productivity in Lewisham hospital will
be considered. As well, the results obtained in the internal validation process will be used in
making general conclusions about the issues realized from studying Lewisham hospital on
similar medical centers.
Research expectation
According to Cook et al. (2011), information realized will be of use in this study. This research is
expected to provide information on the impact that is brought by the by the motivation towards
production and how this will be improved to become reliable as a factor to other institutions
apart from Lewisham hospital. This will be done by collecting information from secondary data
sources. As Gan, Wong, Dean and Hall (2017), cites, researches need to provide enough data
applicable in making action-based recommendations. This research is also expected to provide
the recommendations on how the motivation areas can be improved to make every employee feel
better in the working environment. As well, it will provide supportive information on why other

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health institutions should apply measures on motivating employees as a factor that would
increase the production and provision of goods and services.
Ethical conditions and implications
So as to work according to the standards of ethics, a plan will be conscripted before the research
in order to look whether it meets moral appropriateness. According to Cook et al. (2011), an
ethical consideration program helps in making sure that only accurate and trustable data is
obtained. Ting and Lynch (2016), provides that the lack of any draft plan on ethical concerns
may lead to unreliable research with jaundiced assumptions. Here it brings the duty of the
researcher to make sure that the rights of people and wellbeing of all participants are protected
from numerous harms or abuse (TosasAuguet, Stabler, Betley, J., Preston, Dhaliwal, Gaunt,
Ioannou, Desai, Karadag, Batra. and Otter 2017).
The entire information obtained after the discussion will be private and used only for the
research purposes. A breach of the privacy concern may lead to data inadequacy as responds may
opt out of the study before its completion or it can abuse the respondent’s rights (Gan, Wong,
Dean and Hall 2017). This study will give an assurance that would accomplish regulations and
rules set. The followed procedures must be those recognized by the law, and they should not lead
the participants to any lawlessness form. According to Kelly (2017), if a research doesn’t follow
the government procedures it may lead to the rightful judgment that will include researcher’s
imprisonment or one being fined by the court thus, become an additional cost on the research.
Other people research rights must be considered keenly and all the sources used should be
quoted and citations should be provided (BAL, Kooij and Rousseau 2015).Other researcher’s
work should be acknowledged so that his rights may be observed and proof to the lecturer that

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the work is yours and you observes the rights. When one uses other peoples work without their
acknowledgement, it may result to plagiarism which may lead to research being invalid. Finally
before the research is proceeds for further investigation, the lecturer concerned in the university
will first approve.
Results
Intrinsic motivation was considered as a means through which employees improve their personal
attributes applicable in service. Once employees are intrinsically motivated, there exists high
chances of increased productivity since they prioritize their job because most of their
psychological needs are provided. Motivated employees consider their job to be attractive thus
they deliver the best service as the employees like their occupation because they turn to be more
scientific, attractive and research based where they are offer additional education and technical
knowledge. As shown in table 1, doctor’s intellectual curiosity is taken care of with increased
motivation to work as scientific aspirations are boosted while vacations offered them an
opportunity to offer more empathetic and dedicated service (Berdud, Cabasés and Nieto 2016).
On the basis of the information realized, Lewisham Hospital can benefit by including the issues
raised in their employee motivation frameworks thus promote their productivity.
From table 2, both financial and non-financial motivations to work have a great impact on the
employees and their reasoning towards medical service delivery. The process of seeking extra
financial benefits, changes the doctors and other medical personnel’s perceptions on their work
as a result of vocational activities. The market transactions on the other hand, promote doctor’s
approach to availing medical services relative to the consumer needs. Doctor’s opportunistic
behavior promotes their output since they work harder to realize the extra income. On the

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account of non-monetary incentives, medical workers will work more since their work is
recognized within the organizational control and bureaucratic behavior (Berdud, Cabasés and
Nieto 2016). Monetary and non-monetary incentives promote increased autonomy that in turn
leads to higher levels of productivity. Lewisham Hospital’s approach to productivity may use the
same methods that will motivate their employees to work.
According to FaisalAhammad, MookLee, Malul and Shoham (2015), the ambidexterity of a
company realized from increased motivation provides organization with the capacity to explore
contradictory processes that result to increased productivity. It is further noted that ex-ante and
ex-post incentives promote an employee’s capacity to work when those with high capabilities are
considered while those with low capabilities find it hard to consume the incentives. Once
organizations discover their worker’s capabilities then they use incentive plans that promote the
productivity of all workers as a means to promote organizational performance (FaisalAhammad,
MookLee, Malul and Shoham 2015).
16 respondents considered to enjoy their participation in medical practices. 15 medical workers
explained to consider hospital participation as an attractive profession while 13 others termed the
practice as method of practicing science. Similarly, another 13 study participants considered
medical practice to be a means service and for furthering education to 10 respondents. On the
same account, 11 participants saw medical practice to be an approach where they would obtain
and apply technical knowledge while another bunch of 8 termed it to be a method through which
they would engage in research. (FaisalAhammad, MookLee, Malul and Shoham 2015).
Increased safety standards within the approaches of a tightening financial position gave
Lewisham hospital success because of their integrated acute service provision strength. The