Research Proposal on Pain Relief Therapies for Mental Health Patients

This report is a research proposal focusing on pain relief therapies employed by nursing staff for mental health patients, specifically within the context of Malaysia and Apex Healthcare. The study begins with an introduction that outlines the background of increasing mental health issues in Malaysia, the problem statement concerning time management and peer review, research questions, objectives, and the significance of the study, including its potential benefits for scholars, healthcare providers, and nursing professionals. Chapter 2 provides a literature review covering the ratio of mental health patients in Malaysia, different therapies like Adjunctive Psychiatric Pain Management, psychotherapeutic approaches, and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) used by nursing staff, and challenges faced by nursing staff in providing proper treatment, such as lack of advanced opportunities, staff support, and mentoring. Chapter 3 outlines the methodology, including the study design (descriptive and exploratory), setting, population, sampling method (random), sample size, inclusion and exclusion criteria, instrumentation, ethical considerations, validity and reliability, data collection methods, and the timeline for the research. The proposal aims to determine effective pain relief therapies, assess challenges, and offer recommendations for improved mental healthcare practices.

Research and Statistics

Contents
Chapter 1: Introduction..............................................................................................................3
Background............................................................................................................................3
Problem statement..................................................................................................................3
Research questions.................................................................................................................3
Research objectives................................................................................................................3
Significance of the study........................................................................................................4
Operational or conceptual definition......................................................................................4
Chapter 2: Literature review......................................................................................................5
Theme 1: Ratio of mental health patients within Malaysia....................................................5
Theme 2:Different therapies used by nursing staff to get relieve from pain to patients........5
Theme 3: Challenges face by nursing staff in order to provide proper treatment to patients.
................................................................................................................................................6
Chapter 3: Methodology............................................................................................................7
Study design...........................................................................................................................7
Study setting...........................................................................................................................7
Population, sampling and sample size calculation.................................................................7
Inclusion and exclusion criterias in research sample.............................................................7
Instrumentation......................................................................................................................8
Ethical consideration..............................................................................................................8
Validity and reliability...........................................................................................................8
Data collection method..........................................................................................................8
Time scale..............................................................................................................................9
REFERENCES.........................................................................................................................11

Title: Pain relief therapies used by nursing staff for mental health patients
Chapter 1: Introduction
Background
In Malaysia, the high mental disorder is estimated to be about 8.6% and even research
found that it is increased among adult and children. That is why, the current study will help to
shed a light upon different therapies available within nursing staff in order to cure the people
so that they will overcome from the mental disorder. The chosen company for this report is
Apex Healthcare which is a top health care provide that helps to provide range of health
services that assist to recover the patients from their mental disorder. It is quire essential
because if mental disorder is not cured properly then the prevalence of suicidal attempt was
also increasing apparently.
Problem statement
The problem regarding this dissertation is such that time management because this
topic requires in-depth research and due to shortage of time, it is not easy to perform the
research in such a short time. Also, problem with peer review is also consider another issue
that might affect the results otherwise it will take a research towards a right direction.
Research questions
 What is the trend and statistics reflect about mental health condition of Malaysia?
 What are the therapies used by nursing staff for pain relieve?
 What are the challenges which staff face while treating patients.
Research objectives
The aim of the study is to determine different pain relief therapies which are used by
nursing staff in order to cure the mental health patients: A study based upon Apex Healthcare
Objectives:
 To determine the ratio of mental health patients in Malaysia
 To examine the therapies used by nursing staff in order to get patients relieve
frompain
 To assess different challenges face by the nursing staff in order to treat mental health
patients
 To recommend the best way through which the challenges may be overcome.
Rationale

The rationale behind choosing the specific topic is such that mental condition of
people is getting worse day by day in entire world and that is why, scholar have their own
interest in order to study on this topic so that it will help to examine the therapies which is
used by staff for treating mental health patients. On the other side, by study on this particular
topic will also help the scholar in order to enhance their own knowledge and this in turn also
help in their future study as well. Also, study is completely based upon nursing and study on
this will lead to generate the skills that may also use in their future research.
Significance of the study
As the topic is very relevant for the scholar and that is why, it will help other scholars
and researcher to collect information which assist them to meet their own goals. Further, they
may also use the secondary research and also determine the gap of literature which in turn use
by further investigators as well. Moreover, another significance of using this study is such
that other health care providers may also study the research in order to get new therapies
which will be used to cure mental health care providers. Therefore, they may also use within
their organization in order to get better results as well. As the study is completely based upon
nursing and that is why, it will also beneficial for the top health care professionals in order to
identify the challenges which nursing staff face in order to treat their patients and then take a
better action as well.
Operational or conceptual definition
Mental health:Mental health is referred to as a absence of the mental illness. It is an
effective system where the individual person who in turn has been working at satisfactory
level of the behavioural and emotional adjustment. This is a stage where the individual has
the key ability to significantly cope up with the various stresses of life and then work in a
productive and reliable manner.
Therapies:Theories is referred to as the rational type of abstract where the generalised
thinking of the phenomenon which tends to result in gaining wide aspect related with the
subject matter.

Chapter 2: Literature review
Theme 1: Ratio of mental health patients within Malaysia
In the view of Guan and et.al.,(2018) mental disorder within Malaysia is estimated to
be responsible for about 8.6% of the Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) and it is
majorly found in adults and children. It means that 3 in every 10 adult Malaysians may have a
mental health problem and there are around 2 million adults who are serious mental ill and
there many reason of this condition such that job uncertainty, family issue and many more.
Lee and et.al., (2018) argued that Malaysian has a widespread system of health care and also
implement many universal healthcare system in order to provide better treatment. Even there
are lots of hospitals and psychiatrist who also looking to provide proper care to their patients
and this in turn decrease the actual rate within a business.
Yusof, Ahmad Ramli and MohdNoor(2019) also presented their own views that
mental health care is an important element of healthcare system and that is why, each and
every country is majorly focused to promote mental health care. Though the data on
prevalence of mental health illness in Malaysia is limited. But as per the National Health and
Morbidity Survey (NHMS) which is carried out in every 4 years and as per the data available
in last year, it is examine that anxiety disorder and depressive illness are among the adults of
16 years old and most of them are also took an action of suicide as well. That is why,
government took an action in order to provide proper care and quality services to their
customers which in turn leads recover the mental health patients.
Theme 2:Different therapies used by nursing staff to get relieve from pain to patients
Dinoff and et.al., (2020) share their views and stated that there are many medicine
available for the patients to relieve from mental disorder but, actually therapies are more
beneficial which in turn leads to get proper results. Such that by using Adjunctive Psychiatric
Pain Management treatment, pain will be reduce and also increase functioning with chronic
pain. As the treatment is beneficial because it also leads to positive behavioral and
psychological changes and provide supportive therapy and also leads to new brain based
treatments which provide a new life to the patients and also reduce the pain from its root.
Kallenbach(2020) argued that nursing staff in Malaysia uses psychotherapeutic
approaches in order to cure to all mental health patients. As this therapy is depend upon the
patients issue like they are suffering from acute, continuous or chronic pain. For example,
when a patients is suffering from a chronic pain and that is why, original nociceptive source

is no longer explain accurate pain from which they are suffer. That time, Physician doubt on
the veracity of pain complaints because sometime patients I comfortable while sometime they
are not. So, this further leads to affect the results and at that time,psychotherapeutic
approaches are used which help to provide proper care and treatment to the patients.
Westbrook and et.al., (2020) reflected that cognitive therapy is consider the best and
effective therapy for pain relieve such that most of the nursing staff uses the same in order to
get rid from all types of pain. As it is a short term form of psychotherapy which is based upon
the concept how a people think which affect them emotionally. That is why, this therapy is
work on present thinking and behavior as well as communication rather than past experience
so that it will help to oriented towards problem solving. Thus, the best example is Cognitive
behavioral Therapy i.e. CBT which is a treatment approach that helps a patient to recognize
the negative thoughts and behavior pattern and get relived from pain as well. Lenze and et.al.,
(2020) also supported that the main goal of this theory is to create a promotion of self –
awareness and emotional intelligence by distinguish a person from healthy to unhealthy
feelings and also understand the perception of others which leads to forget pain.
Theme 3: Challenges face by nursing staff in order to provide proper treatment to patients.
According to Valente(2017) nursing staff is faces lots of issues while treating mental
patients such that they do not know the advance opportunities which is used to treat the
patient and as a result, it become a challenge for them. Therefore, 49% of the nurses
identified the use of advancement opportunities while 52% of the health care professionals
know how to treat the patients with the help of new technologies. Marie, Hannigan and
Jones(2017) also argued that there are too few staff who support the nurses to treat mental
health patients and this in turn also consider another challenge. It is so because most of them
do not prefer the organizational culture and this lead to encourage the staff members to leave
the place. That is why, it is consider as a biggest challenge for the nursing staff.
Ramluggun and et.al., (2018) also reveal that sometime lack of mentoring is also
consider another problem which nursing staff face in order to provide proper treatment.
Therefore, it is analyzed that most of the nursing staff think that company offer low
mentoring and this in turn leads to affect the results and also creates discrepancies with
regards to treatment.

Chapter 3: Methodology
Study design.
It is a significant procedure where the statistical analysis and trial methodology are
effectively organised which is useful in ensuring that the null hypothesis has been accepted or
rejected. This is useful in arriving to the conclusive points in order to reflect upon the truth.
The research design is further elaborated into descriptive and exploratory research design
(Johnson, and Christensen, 2019). However, the exploratory research is highly significant in
clarifying the key exact nature associated with the research problem. Moreover, the
researcher of the study has opted for descriptive research design where the scientific method
which is linked with describing and observing the key behaviour of the subject without
influencing the research study in any manner.
Study setting
Research setting is considered to be as the social, physical and cultural site in which the
researcher tends to carry out the study. The study tends to take place within the nursing home
of Malaysia where the researcher talks to the nursing staff which is significant in treating the
mental health patients. The researcher of the study also focuses on examining the various
pain relief therapies within the Apex healthcare to attain the aim and objectives of the study.
Population, sampling and sample size calculation.
Population: The population selected will be the nurses who are treating patients with mental
health issues. The researcher also tends to mainly focus on selecting the right sample size
from the large population of Malaysia.
Sample size: The researcher of the study has selected 10 nurses from the large population of
Malaysia.
Sampling: Random sampling method is prominent because it helps the researcher in
randomly selecting the right sample from the large number of population (Jensen, 2017). The
researcher of the study will choose random probabilistic sampling method.
Inclusion and exclusion criterias in research sample.
Within the inclusion criteria the researcher of the study has only opted for the study materials
which are no older than the 10 years. The literature review includes the study of the varied set
of authors. The researcher uses only English language to carry out the specific research study.

The researcher has included mental health patients who has been suffering from mental
health issues which eventually results in attaining the key aims and objectives of the study.
The researcher has excluded data which does not show relevant results and outcomes. The
researcher of the study also tends to exclude articles which are older than past 10 years. The
researcher excludes care professionals who do not treat patients who have mental health
problems.
Instrumentation.
It is a significant procedure of the construction of the key research instruments that can be
used in order to gather relevant set of data to carry out the study. The researcher of the study
will need printer, transportation facilities, financial resources, stationary and questionnaire
which is highly significant in the collection of the data associated with to determining
different pain relief therapies which are used by nursing staff in order to cure the mental
health patients.
Ethical consideration.
The researcher of the study has complied with the ethical laws maintaining complete
anonymity and voluntary participation of the respondents (Ethical Considerations, 2020).
The data has been protected by using encrypted security and also kept all the information
confidential.
Validity and reliability.
The researcher has carried out all the activities in an ethical and reliable manner. Moreover,
the data are collected from valid and reliable sources by effectively citing the authors and
online citation has been done from where the data has been collected.
Data collection method.
Data collection is one of the key prominent measure which is useful in effectively collecting
the relevant set of information. The data is collected through primary research of data
collection as well as secondary research of data collection. Primary data has been collected
for the first and foremost time by the researcher (Kumar, 2019). This can be done using
questionnaire, interview, etc. The secondary data is the already collected data sets and can be
further used for carrying out investigation. Such data can be gathered through books,
journals, articles, manuals, etc.
Pilot study and data analysis plan.

Data analysis is one of the key prominent measure which is useful in the analysis of the wide
set of data. This helps in summarising the large set of data and attain conclusive set if results.
This is classified into thematic analysis and SPSS analysis. The thematic analysis is useful in
critically evaluating each themes of the study and analyse the key variables and patterns.
However, the SPSS analysis is significant in critically evaluating large set of data and
interpret the quantitative data sets. The researcher has selected thematic analysis to determine
different pain relief therapies which are used by nursing staff in order to cure the mental
health patients
Time scale
Task Mode Task Name Duration Start Finish Predecessors
Auto
Scheduled Project initialization 4 days Mon 7/27/20 Thu 7/30/20
Auto
Scheduled
Development of the aim
and objectives 2 days Mon 7/27/20 Tue 7/28/20
Auto
Scheduled
Developing a problem
statement 2 days Wed 7/29/20 Thu 7/30/20 2
Auto
Scheduled Project Execution 24 days Fri 7/31/20 Wed 9/2/20
Auto
Scheduled
Carrying out literature
review 4 days Fri 7/31/20 Wed 8/5/20 3
Auto
Scheduled
Examining theoretical and
conceptual framework 8 days Thu 8/6/20 Mon 8/17/20 5
Auto
Scheduled Data collection 3 days Tue 8/18/20 Thu 8/20/20 6
Auto
Scheduled Data analysis 9 days Fri 8/21/20 Wed 9/2/20 7
Auto
Scheduled Project Closure 3 days Thu 9/3/20 Mon 9/7/20
Auto
Scheduled Recommendation 2 days Thu 9/3/20 Fri 9/4/20 8
Auto
Scheduled Conclusion 1 day Mon 9/7/20 Mon 9/7/20 10

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Dinoff, A. and et.al.,2020. A meta-analysis of the potential antidepressant effects of
buprenorphine versus placebo as an adjunctive pharmacotherapy for treatment-resistant
depression. Journal of Affective Disorders.
Guan, N.C. and et.al., 2018. Psychiatrists in Malaysia: The ratio and distribution. Malaysian
journal of psychiatry. 27(1).pp.4-12.
Jensen, M.F., 2017. Reconciling Anti-essentialism and Quantitative Methodology. Kvinder,
Køn & Forskning, (1), pp.8-17.
Johnson, R.B. and Christensen, L., 2019. Educational research: Quantitative, qualitative,
and mixed approaches. SAGE Publications, Incorporated.
Kallenbach, J.Z., 2020. Review of Hemodialysis for Nurses and Dialysis Personnel-E-Book.
Elsevier Health Sciences.
Kumar, R., 2019. Research methodology: A step-by-step guide for beginners. Sage
Publications Limited.
Lee, A.M. H. and et.al.,2018. Metabolic syndrome in first episode schizophrenia, based on
the national mental health registry of schizophrenia (NMHR) in a general hospital in
Malaysia: a 10-year retrospective cohort study. International Journal of Environmental
Research and Public Health. 15(5). p.933.
Lenze, E.J. and et.al.,2020. Augmenting computerized cognitive training with vortioxetine
for age-related cognitive decline: a randomized controlled trial. American Journal of
Psychiatry, pp.appi-ajp.
Marie, M., Hannigan, B. and Jones, A., 2017. Challenges for nurses who work in community
mental health centres in the West Bank, Palestine. International journal of mental health
systems.11(1).pp.1-10.
Ramluggun, P. and et.al.,2018. Managing the demands of the preregistration mental health
nursing programme: The views of students with mental health conditions. International
Journal of Mental Health Nursing. 27(6).pp.1793-1804.

Valente, S.M., 2017. Managing professional and nurse–patient relationship boundaries in
mental health. Journal of psychosocial nursing and mental health services. 55(1).pp.45-
51.
Westbrook, A. and et.al.,2020. Dopamine promotes cognitive effort by biasing the benefits
versus costs of cognitive work. Science. 367(6484).pp.1362-1366.
Yusof, Y., Ahmad Ramli, F.Z. and Mohd Noor, N., 2019. Mental health social work in
Malaysia: A study exploring its importance. International Social Work. 62(1).pp.283-
294.
Online
Ethical Considerations. 2020. [ONLINE]. Available through< https://research-
methodology.net/research-methodology/ethical-considerations/>