Research Methods Analysis: Tourist Safety in Nigeria and South Africa

This report presents an analysis of research methods applied to evaluate the safety of Nigeria versus South Africa for tourists. It explores both qualitative and quantitative research approaches, including case studies, content analysis, interviews, and record analysis. The report highlights the use of the social control theory of criminology to understand factors influencing crime rates and perceptions of safety. The study aims to determine which country is perceived as safer for tourists, providing insights into the application of various research methodologies in addressing questions of safety and tourism. The research employs a comparative analysis, examining the strengths and limitations of each method in gathering and interpreting data related to crime statistics, social norms, and tourist experiences. The findings contribute to a better understanding of how research methods can be used to inform decisions about tourism and destination safety.

Research Method Analysis
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Table of Contents
Research methods.......................................................................................................................................2
Justification of the research question and theory.......................................................................................3
References...................................................................................................................................................4

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Research methods
There are two common types of research methods named qualitative research method and
quantitative research method. Both the methods are used for the research project as the methods
seemed to be useful in identifying various data and information regarding the relevant topic.
Qualitative research method refers to the method that primarily focuses on gathering data
through open-ended communication (Palinkas et al., 2015). It consists of different kinds of
methods such as focus group, in-depth interview, content analysis, ethnographic research and
case study research. It is mostly used by the researchers as it can provide complex descriptions of
the text as well as behavior, opinions, beliefs and emotions of the human. The case study
research and content analysis have been used to research on the topic "Nigeria is safer than South
Africa for tourists in Africa." The methods helps to obtain textual descriptions of the criminology
theory and provide an understanding of the multiple topics like crime and criminal justice
(Obieluem, Anozie & Nwankwo, 2016). These methods seem to be effective in identifying social
norms of the individual, culture and ethnicity of the person in the region of Nigeria and South
Africa. Observation of the participant is beneficial to know the opinions about the safety of the
place and thus, helpful in gathering data.
Quantitative research method refers to the method of obtaining numerical data by using
standardized techniques to explain a phenomenon (Kunst, 2017). This method is used by the
researcher to get a conclusive answer and objective. It comprises of various methods that are
used for collecting data such as questionnaires, interview, observation, and records. Among the
different methods, interview and records are used for collecting data on the research question
“Which is the safest place for tourists – Nigeria or South Africa?” An interview includes verbal
communication between the researcher and the participant to collect numerical information. It
can be conducted on the phone or face-to-face by the interviewer. Several data were collected on
the crime index rate and safety scale in both the places to identify the safest place for the tourists.
These methods are used to provide in-depth information about the topic. Records helps in
providing critical information to answer the research question. Therefore, the quantitative, as
well as qualitative methods, are beneficial for the research to gather necessary information on a
particular topic.

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Justification of the research question and theory
The main motive behind the research question is to identify the safest place in Africa among the
two – South Africa and Nigeria so that the tourists can be attracted to visit the place. The social
control theory of criminology was used for the research question because it develops an
understanding of crime among the people and focuses on those aspects that prevent the people
from becoming criminal (Avraham & Ketter, 2017). Hence, the theory helps the researcher in
creating awareness of the facts or aspects among the people or individual of Africa that cause
crimes. It proved to be helpful in identifying the safest place in Africa among Nigeria and South
Africa by expanding ideas and commitment.

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References
Avraham, E., & Ketter, E. (2017). Destination image repair while combatting crises: tourism
marketing in Africa. Tourism Geographies, 19(5), 780-800.
Kunst, A. E. (2017). Evaluation of health equity impact of structural policies: overview of
research methods used in the SOPHIE project. International Journal of Health
Services, 47(3), 432-439.
Obieluem, U. H., Anozie, O. O., & Nwankwo, E. A. (2016). A study on safety and security
issues at selected tourist sites in Eastern Nigeria. International Journal of Research in
Arts and Social Sciences, 9(1), 66-77.
Palinkas, L. A., Horwitz, S. M., Green, C. A., Wisdom, J. P., Duan, N., & Hoagwood, K. (2015).
Purposeful sampling for qualitative data collection and analysis in mixed method
implementation research. Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health
Services Research, 42(5), 533-544.