Water Supply, Plumbing, and Drainage Design for Richmond House

This report details the water supply, plumbing, and drainage design for a one-level residential house located in Richmond, VA. The design utilizes type L copper pipes for the water supply from a mains source approximately 85 feet away, with an initial pressure of 55 psi. The system incorporates ABS pipes for plumbing and drainage, with a 50mm internal diameter supply pipe. The report calculates water consumption based on 5 occupants, totaling 600 liters per day, and designs a 1200-liter storage tank. The plumbing is designed to provide pressurized water directly from the mains and the roof tank. The drainage system discharges to a sewer line via a 150mm internal diameter pipe, calculated from 36 discharge units according to BS EN 12056-2, considering the number of sanitary fixtures. The report references relevant literature on water consumption and system design.

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Water Supply, Plumbing, and Drainage Design
Water reticulation and storage is an important aspect of a residential house (Bergel,
Kotowski, and Woyciechows 2016). Well-designed systems ensure water requirements are met
and that there is enough water for use even at the time of planned or unplanned interruptions
from the local water suppliers. After the water has been used in various domestic appliances, the
wastewater needs to be drained off the house to the sewer line or septic tanks on areas where
there are no sewer lines nearby.
Upfeed water supply system as well as plumbing and drainage system for a one-level
residential house located in Richmond, Va, has been designed. The water supply has been done
using type L copper pipes. The mains water from the local authority is at approximately 85 feet
from the house and has a pressure of 55 psi. Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS)
pipes and tubing have been used to design the plumbing and drainage system.
Most pipe branches to households in this area allow for 2m/s flow velocity hence and a
50mm internal diameter supply pipe from the mains which in this case, located at 85 feet. Water
meter has been fitted in the line to monitor consumption. At this distance, the water pressure is at
55 psi and as it flows through the pipe, 10% of the pressure is lost through frictional and fittings
losses hence the water getting to the house is at 4.95 psi which is sufficient for use on a one-level
house for faucets requiring a pressure of 2-4 psi. From the occupancy of 5 persons, each person
is assumed to consume 120 lites per day as per Approved Document G of the water efficiency
use (Fuentes, Arce, and Salom 2018). This results in 600 litres per day. Water storage is designed
for 2 days hence 1200 lite capacity tank will be fitted in the roof attic. The piping has been sone

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in such a way that the sanitary fittings in the house get pressurized water directly from the mains
and the roof tank in the event of interruptions.
It is assumed that the Richmond area has a sewer line and the drainage from the house
discharge to it via a 150mm internal diameter pipe calculated from the discharge units of 36 as
per BS EN 12056-2. This is dependent on the number of sanitary fixtures in the house.

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List of References
Bergel, T., Kotowski, T. and Woyciechowska, O., 2016. Daily water consumption for household
purposes and its variability in a rural household. Journal of Ecological Engineering, 17(3).
Fuentes, E., Arce, L. and Salom, J., 2018. A review of domestic hot water consumption profiles
for application in systems and buildings energy performance analysis. Renewable and
Sustainable Energy Reviews, 81, pp.1530-1547.