Policies for Encouraging Retail Efforts in UK Food Waste Reduction

This research proposal focuses on evaluating policies related to encouraging retail efforts in reducing food waste within the UK supply chain. The study aims to identify leverage points for retailers, examine drivers and obstacles to food waste reduction, and propose effective policies and strategies. The introduction highlights the importance of food waste reduction for economic development and sustainability, emphasizing the need for sound strategies and policies. The literature review explores themes such as leverage points for retailers, important drivers and obstacles faced by retail shops, and policy options to reduce food waste. The methodology outlines the use of qualitative research with an interpretivism philosophy. The proposal includes a data analysis plan, a time plan, and references to support the research. The research seeks to contribute to the understanding of food waste reduction in the UK retail sector and provide insights for scholars and policymakers.

RESEARCH PROPOSAL

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................4
Research Background:................................................................................................................4
Research Question:......................................................................................................................5
LITERATURE REVIEW................................................................................................................5
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY.....................................................................................................8
DATA ANALYSIS PLAN............................................................................................................12
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................13
TIME PLAN..................................................................................................................................14
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................16

Research title: To evaluate policies associated with the encouragement of retail efforts in the
context of food waste reduction in supply chain: A study on UK
INTRODUCTION
Research Background:
Food waste reduction has been considered as one of the most important topic in the present
scenario. It is very much important to have proper and effective distribution of all the available
business as well as other resources in the company, individual or any other person. For making
economic development and growth, it is very essential to have sound strategies, plans and
policies related to the utilisation of resources and making its sustainable as well as wiseful use,
so that needs of present as well as future generation can be fulfilled. By framing effective as well
as strict polices, norms related to the reduction in food wastage, each and every individual
person, nation will be able to have proper intake of food resources with itself. By outlining the
policy in strict and statutory manner can result in overcoming from the current experiences of
reduction in food waste in the supply chain market. By adopting various practices and concept of
Recycle, Reuse and Reproduce every business organisation can mitigate issues related to food
wastage and its reduction level (Sun and et.al., 2018). Also, by examining, assessing and
monitoring all the important drivers and obstacles as faced by the retailer chain business in
relation with the wastages of foods reduction in supply chain, can help in mitigating such drastic
issues. Furthermore, by formulation of different strategies and plans under the regulatory and
statutory bodies as per the need related to left over food and other eatables can help in
minimizing its wastage level up to a great extent.
Aim and objectives:
Aim: The aim of current is to ascertain policies in relation to encouraging UK retail efforts for
food waste reduction in supply chain.
Objectives: Referring the above aim following objectives have been drafted
 To identify the leverages points of retailer relating to food waste reduction in food supply
chain.

 To examine the important drivers and obstacles for retailer chain in context of wastages
of foods reduction in supply chain.
 To outline the policy which resulting to overcome from the currently experiences
reduction in food waste in supply chain market.
 To suggest the strategies which is useful in retail sector to reduce the wastages of food in
UK market.
Rationale :
The aim behind conducting such research project is assess all the major factors which is
contributing in increasing the food wastage among different retail food supply chain in the UK
retail market. Also, this research study will assist many other scholars, researchers in successful
completion of their research project. With the help of this research project, it will provide a deep
insight about identifying all the essential points which the retailers have been facing relating to
the food waste reduction in the food supply chain in the UK retail sector market. In this project
of research, policies which are essential for overcoming from the current experiences been made
in relation with food waste in the supply chain will be defined (Dou and et.al., 2016). Also, for
the better understanding of researcher and other scholar main benefits and obstacles in retailer
chain in context of wastages of foods reduction in supply chain will be provided.
Research Question:
11 What are the leverages points of retailer sector relating to food waste reduction in food
supply chain?11 What are the benefits and important drives and obstacles in retailer chain in context of
wastages of foods reduction in supply chain?11 How the policy resulting to overcome from the currently experiences reduction in food
waste in context of supply chain market?
LITERATURE REVIEW
Theme 1 Leverage points of retail concerning about the reduction in Food wastage and their
Problems
According to Priefer 2016, Food waste management is the process where all the
companies come together in order to save the food which is being wasted without any specific

reasons. This process was started to save the food and transfer the food those people cannot eat
food. Food Wastage problem is the most media attention seeker problem in the world. Increase
in the food wastes there is huge pressure on retail shops to implement the campaigns in order to
reduce food wastage. Government insists that retail shops should voluntarily should take some
actions which help in reduction in food wastage.
Porpino 2016, says that Green campaign was started in UK which came to end because of
multi-buy deals of buy one and get one free which again increased the food waste. The
announcement of dropping food wastes campaigns came when it was found that two-thirds of
grown for bagged salad is wasted . This shown that there were reductions in the food promotions.
For example, Tesco Ltd reveals the
data of thrown items. It announced that 68% of bagged salad was thrown out and only 35
% is in the home. It also said that 40% apples were wasted and other half was used for bakery
items. On the contradictory Von Kameke 2018, says that food retailers are ready to go for
reduction in food waste but they cannot achieve the targets. The main problem of the retailers is
that while going for reduction in food waste they cannot meet the cos- effective ways for the
businesses. Few companies also started to achieve their targets since 2009 and they have
achieved reduction by 8.8% in supply chain. It has been clear that reduction by retailers in food
waste can be achieved only to some extent and it can be done on voluntary basis not all
companies can achieve the food waste reduction targets.
Gokarn 2017, says that if companies can't achieve the reduction in food waste than
household food waste can also be reduced. It also been seen that household food waste are
reduced by 20% from 2005-2015. Companies can focus more on reducing the household food
waste.
Theme 2 Important Drivers and obstacles faced by retail shops in reducing food waste in the
supply chain
According to Björklund 2018, In year 2015, companies also gone for the campaign of
smart purchase, storage and preparation habits that helps consumers to save the food wastage.
This programme has developed new initiatives to expand the programme. The new project was
also introduced in which their was a slogan 'Love Your Food @ Schools' to encourage youth to
cherish food. This was introduced in 10 schools in order to manage closed-loop waste
management system. This project aims to encourage staff members and students to reduce the

amount of food wastage. This was done further to encourage the other schools and spread
awareness of importance of food waste minimisation recycling.
On the other hand Lee 2018 , says that one programme of Redistribute unsold/ excess
food was also started in which 3 R were added such as reduce, reuse and recycle. In this first R
means to reduce the food wastage, Second R means reuse the food which is going to waste by
the companies and third R means the recycling of the food wasted. Segregation of food should be
done at the point of generation itself when the companies are producing food. Companies should
estimate the production of food before the production precess because it will help in reduction of
food waste.
In contradictory Thyberg 2016, says that this programme or campaigns started by the
companies were growing at the initial level but later own these programmes were also loosing
their impact on the people. The school staff themselves were again throwing the food and this
was interpretation by all the school children. Youth were again use to throw the food by taking
huge quantity of food and than again throwing the food. In this way, campaigns again failed and
the campaigns again lost their impact on people.
Theme 3 Policies options to overcome the identified obstacles and enhance drivers to reduce
food waste along the supply chain
According to Canali and et.al., 2017, identified drivers for identified obstacles can be that
the consumers can be given education the amount of food they should purchase for them. This
will help consumers to know what amount of food they should and also the best product to be
purchased by consumers. The consumers can also reuse the product if they found that they don't
like the product which was purchased by them. This can be achieved by raising consumer
awareness, information distribution etc. There are loopholes like elimination of timing of order
placement and elimination of cancellation of orders. These loopholes can be eliminated by
improving the forecasting and stock management if they properly forecast the daily orders by the
consumers.
On the contradictory Govindan 2018, says that there is always minimum loophole in the
system which cannot be eliminated such as if the product expires than that product can't be used
by the consumer. Company cannot properly forecast the volume of the company. These can be a
loophole for the retail shops so there will be minimum wastage of food which can't be attained

by any company. There will be always minimum wastage and that cannot be controlled by any
company.
Sáez-Martínez and et.al 2016 claims that expiry date problem can also be removed if the
company marks the data labels properly. These can be possible if consumers are well educated
about the expiry dates and are well informed in advance about the product's expiry dates.
Company can also spread awareness through various campaigns and give education of using
products from time to time. Company can also introduce the smart packaging of products as
alternative to expiration dates. In this way, company can reduce the food wastage and detect all
the obstacles in the reduction of food wastage.
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
It includes such planning and procedure which concludes the research in more
appropriate manner. It carries various method to conduct the research such as-
Research types Qualitative and quantitative
research type
Research types incudes various
types of research activities and
steps which helps researcher to
simplified their work to get the
accurate results (Ravindran
and Jaiswal, 2016).
Quantitative research is related
with the phenomenon of
statistical, mathematical and
analysis aspects providing
deep knowledge related to the
research subject matter.
Researcher will apply
qualitative method to carry
their research work. They can
raise question. Conduct survey
to get more accurate results.
This method is helpful in case

of having more employees in
the organization, and they
cannot gather review from all
employees.
Research philosophies Positivism and Interpretivism Research philosophy defines
the various ways are to be
examined to conduct the
research activity. Positivism
philosophy is based on
theoretical and philosophical
explanation of the research
subject matter and
Interpretivism focuses on
interpreting the element of
research study. Here researcher
will apply the interpretivism
method to carry the research in
more accurate way (Thyberg,
Tonjes and Gurevitch, 2015).
They interpret the data on the
bases of theme raised and also
various ideas, thoughts and
views are to be interpreted to
conclude the data from the
available sources.
Research Approach Inductive and deductive This method can be used by
carrying the proper planning
and procedure to gather
various information and data
from different sources

(Mourad, 2016). Deductive
approach is related with basic
principles i.e. true with correct
conclusion. Inductive is related
with specific and particular
instances and uses research
questions for narrowing scope
of research study. Through this
approach, they can reach to
various area which the
researcher had not research on.
In this method researcher will
apply inductive types of
research to conduct the
research in various sectors.
They gather information from
internal source to bring valid
research.
Research designs Descriptive and Experimental It is the method which is set
and proceed according to the
set standards, and they are to
be presented free from errors
and over writing (Vlachos,
2015). In such cases
Researcher will apply
experimental research method
to carry their research work. In
such case they use various
descriptive method to conduct
the research. It includes the
sub types method of their

theme and data which they
collected from such sources to
interpret the information into
various sectors.
Sampling Random sampling method In this method the sampling is
to be conducted in systematic
procedure through which the
researcher can carry the
research on large number of
population and can gather the
accurate results. Researcher
will apply the random
sampling method to carry the
research, so that they can
gather the reviews from large
number of population and it
also results in time saving
concept (Papargyropoulou and
et.al., 2016). There are more
chances to get the accurate
results as the reviews of people
are almost same in few
perspectives. In this research,
researcher collect data from 30
managers to further collect the
information and data by
raising quires.
Ethical consideration Ethics are the norms and
standards which is to be set by
the government and every

researcher are bound to follow
such norms, so that they
Cannot harm any person or
their body physically
(Mondéjar-Jiménez and et.al.,
2016). Researcher had to
maintain certain ethical norms
regarding conducting research
work so that they cannot
disclose any such information
without they permission of the
company and employees
(Moher and et.al., 2016). As it
results in sharing the secret
and working of the company
and also affect their reputation
and goodwill. Research not
conclude their research work
in any restricted area and also
if conduct had to take proper
permission from the
government.
DATA ANALYSIS PLAN
Various methods are to be used to analyse the data and information to protect the data
from other authors and also there are no results of copy paste of materials and information for
other authors. Data analysis and data collection plays a major role in research activity and
without that the researcher cannot submit or approved their research work. Researcher had to
first use the data collection method to carry the research method. In such method data are to be
collected from various areas, and they are helpful in gathering information, facts and figure to
carry forward the research work (Porpino, 2016). It includes two types of data collection such as