Literature Review: RFID Technology in Smart Parking Systems

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Review Based ProjectLiterature Review (Secondary Research)
Student's Name and CSU ID
Project Type Review Based Project
Project Name RFID based remote monitoring techniques for smart parking system
Technology RFID
Techniques Remote Monitoring Technique
Domain Smart parking system
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Version 1.0 _ Week 1 (5 Journal Papers from CSU Library)
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Reference in APA format that will be in
'Reference List'
Lu, S., Xu, C., Zhong, R. Y., & Wang, L. (2017). A RFID-enabled positioning system in automated guided
vehicle for smart factories. Journal of Manufacturing Systems, 44, 179-190. DOI: https://doi-
org.ezproxy.csu.edu.au/10.1016/j.jmsy.2017.03.009
Citation that will be in the content (Lu, Xu, Zhong & Wang. 2017)
URL of the Reference Level of Journal (Q1, Q2, …Qn) Keywords in this Reference
https://www-sciencedirect-
com.ezproxy.csu.edu.au/science/article/
pii/S0278612517300390
Q1  RFID
 AGV
 Positioning
 CPS
 Smart Factory
The Name of the Current Solution
(Technique/ Method/ Scheme/
Algorithm/ Model/ Tool/ Framework/ ...
etc )
The Goal (Objective) of this Solution &
What is the Problem that need to be solved
What are the components of it?
Technique/Algorithm name:
Probabilistic Techniques and Extraction
Problem:
The manufacturing performance might get
The major components of the research are:
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Technique, Unconstrained optimization
Method
Tools:
 Kalman Filter
 LPDA antenna
Applied Area:
Smart Factories
Current Problem:
The hampering of manufacturing
performance due to the time delay that the
positioning system causes.
Current Solution:
The current solution includes use of
magnetic bands that drive the AGV on a
fixed path.
hamper due to the time delay caused by the
positioning system of the automated guided
vehicles.
Goal:
The aim is to analyse the influence that
position accuracy has on the performance of
AGV implemented with RFID.
 Logistics automation
 Cyber physical systems
 Kalman Filter
 Near Field Coupling
 Positioning System
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; The process steps of the Technique/system
3

Cyber-Physical Systems
Process Steps Advantage (Purpose of this step) Disadvantage (Limitation/Challenge)
1 Cyber Manufacturing:
It has been derived from cyber-physical systems
which provide modernisation in the
manufacturing processes.
It works in an environment which is evidence-
based, thus the management process becomes
easy and the transparency increases.
The issue with this is that of the proper
handling of the data which also include
cyber manufacturing.
2 Trans disciplinary Methodologies:
The CPS includes various methods such as
cybernetics, mechatronics and manufacturing
systems. The major method is embedded system
that includes combining the physical things and
the computational power.
The advantage of using different
methodologies is that the system performance
increases and the efficiency of the system also
enhances.
The issue with this is the complexity that it
possesses by using various methodologies.
Near Field Coupling Technology
Process Steps Advantage (Purpose of this step) Disadvantage (Limitation/Challenge)
1 Near Field Coupling:
It is the electromagnetic field that every object
has around it and it also possesses Fresnel
diffraction.
It provides the enhancement in the
performance of the AGVs by keeping them on
the right track or path.
Issue is that the fixed path of working of the
AGVs causes lack in the productivity of the
organisation.
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2 Selective Feature Extraction:
It uses a 3D radar cross section technique which
is a feature extraction technique.
This method achieves the efficiency of 70%
within 0-70 cm range.
The issue is that the feature extraction can
alter the data dimensionally.
Validation Criteria (Measurement Criteria)
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
Unconstrained Optimization Probabilistic techniques
Indoor Localization RFID technology
Input and Output Critical Thinking: Feature of this work, and
Why (Justify)
Critical Thinking: Limitations of the research
current solution, and Why (Justify)
Input (Data) Output (View)
 The LPDA
antenna provides
radiation
efficiency of
80%.
 The RFID band of
operations is
enhanced by
LPDA antenna.
According to (Lu et al., 2017), the key feature
provided by the smart factory is the automation in
logistics that enhances the delivery inside the
manufacturing sites.
According to (Lu et al., 2017), the major issue of
using positioning system is the time delay that it
has due to the less efficiency of the system. If the
positioning system do not function properly than
the productivity of the organisation will be
impacted.
(Describe the research/current solution) Evaluation Criteria How this research/current solution is valuable
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for your project
What is the Future work that set by the author
in Conclusion and Future work section
The current solution provides enhanced
performance and low cost by implementing RFID
in automated guided vehicles. The positioning
system based AGV will enhance the productivity
by reducing the human efforts.
According to (Lu et al., 2017), the research is
evaluated on the basis of efficiency it provides in
the manufacturing processes. The use of RFID
based automated guided vehicles enhances the level
of productivity and the radiation efficiency is
increased by 80%. Also, the efficiency provided by
the ysstem is up to 70%.
The research provides the idea about using RFID
in the vehicles. This information is valuable for
implementing RFID for smart parking.
The future work will be addressing the limitations
such as size and environment. Also, the system
testing will be done in the factory with integrated
CPS devices.
Diagram/Flowchart
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Figure 1: Guide Path Design for AGVs
Reference in APA format that will be in 'Reference List'
 Ivanov, D., Dolgui, A., Sokolov, B., Werner, F., & Ivanova, M. (2016). A dynamic model and an algorithm for short-term supply chain scheduling in the
smart factory industry 4.0. International Journal of Production Research, 54(2), 386-402. DOI:
https://doi-org.ezproxy.csu.edu.au/10.1080/00207543.2014.999958
 Mejjaouli, S., & Babiceanu, R. F. (2015). RFID-wireless sensor networks integration: Decision models and optimization of logistics systems
operations. Journal of Manufacturing Systems, 35, 234-245. DOI: https://doi-org.ezproxy.csu.edu.au/10.1016/j.jmsy.2015.02.005
Citation that will be in the content
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 (Ivanov et al. 2016)
 (Mejjaouli & Babiceanu. 2015)
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2
Reference in APA format that will be in
'Reference List'
Tsai, M. F., Kiong, Y. C., & Sinn, A. (2018). Smart service relying on Internet of Things technology in parking
systems. The Journal of Supercomputing, 74(9), 4315-4338. DOI:
https://doi-org.ezproxy.csu.edu.au/10.1007/s11227-016-1875-8
Citation that will be in the content (Tsai, Kiong & Sinn. 2018)
URL of the Reference Level of Journal (Q1, Q2, …Qn) Keywords in this Reference
https://link-springer-
com.ezproxy.csu.edu.au/article/10.1007/
s11227-016-1875-8
Q2  Internet of Things
 Parking System
The Name of the Current Solution
(Technique/ Method/ Scheme/
Algorithm/ Model/ Tool/ Framework/ ...
etc )
The Goal (Objective) of this Solution &
What is the Problem that need to be solved
What are the components of it?
Technique/Algorithm name:
iBeacon
Tools:
Problem:
The issue is related to the complexity of the
inquiry module to be used by the users and the
weak performance in case of obstacle
penetration.
 RFID system overview
 Use of GPS for car parking
 Outdoor GPS navigation
 Parking Slot Detection
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 RFID
 Wireless sensor networks
 NFC
Applied Area:
Smart Parking System
Current Problem:
The problem is the complexity of the
process to be used by the users.
Current Solution:
The existing solution for car parking uses
internet of things for the efficiency in the
system.
Goal:
The goal is to make the automation of the car
parking system. It also aims at minimizing the
use of human resources in this system.
 Indoor Navigation
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; The process steps of the Technique/system
Outdoor GPS navigation
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Process Steps Advantage (Purpose of this step) Disadvantage (Limitation/Challenge)
1 Google API:
The use of Google API in the system provides
recommendation for the car parking system. The
use of GPS enables the users to get the available
parking space.
It uses the GPS receiver to locate the available
parking space. The car parking that is already
reserved will be shown to the users so that they
can save the time by automatically getting the
available space.
The limitation is that the penetrating process
does not function properly so it becomes
hectic for the users to search the area one
block at a time.
Indoor Navigation
Process Steps Advantage (Purpose of this step) Disadvantage (Limitation/Challenge)
1 The indoor navigation starts from entering the
parking area to the available parking space.
It is helpful in the case when the area of view
is not clear to the users and they get the
available parking space provided by the GPS
system and with the help of iBeacon Bluetooth
transmitter.
The major limitation in this system is of the
range of Bluetooth devices. As the range
provided by the devices is limited so the
system might not provide efficient result.
Validation Criteria (Measurement Criteria)
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
(Received signal strength indicator)RSSI value iBeacon
LPWAN technology LoRa
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Input and Output Critical Thinking: Feature of this work, and
Why (Justify)
Critical Thinking: Limitations of the research
current solution, and Why (Justify)
Input (Data) Output (View)
 The iBeacon
RSSI values are
used to be filtered
through an
algorithm.
 The system
enhances the pre
react time by
43%.
According to Tsai, Kiong & Sinn. (2018), the
features provided in the research are reservation and
recommendation, detection of parking lot, indoor
navigation of car parking and outdoor navigation.
According to Tsai, Kiong & Sinn. (2018), the
limitations include low penetrating power of the
system, low range of Bluetooth device
implemented in the system.
(Describe the research/current solution) Evaluation Criteria How this research/current solution is valuable
for your project
What is the Future work that set by the author
in Conclusion and Future work section
The research is focussed on a smart parking using
the mobile applications so that the parking space
can be provided easily.
According to Tsai, Kiong & Sinn. (2018), the
research is evaluated on the basis of the techniques
that are implemented for providing smart parking
systems. The techniques such as indoor navigation
The research explains the smart parking systems
by providing information from its implementation
at a place.
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