International Security Studies: Analysis of Rohingya Crisis in Myanmar

This report, an analysis of the Rohingya crisis in Myanmar, addresses the critical human rights violations and security implications stemming from the conflict. The document details the displacement of over 500,000 Rohingya people to Bangladesh due to violence and discrimination. It highlights the role of the Arakan Rohingya Salvation Army (ARSA), the Myanmar military's actions, and the government's lack of recognition of the Rohingya people's identity. The report examines the involvement of international organizations such as the UN and the European Union, along with the humanitarian aid provided by the US government and other bodies. It further analyzes the crisis through realist and liberal perspectives, suggesting potential solutions, including the need for the UN Security Council to impose sanctions, provide humanitarian aid, and ensure the protection of human rights. The report emphasizes the need for improved living conditions, equal rights, and educational opportunities for the Rohingya population to mitigate the crisis.

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International Security Studies
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Author’s Note

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Policy Brief to the United States’ Ambassador to the United Nations on the Myanmar
Government’s Decision to End of the Crisis, October 2017
Mr /Mrs,
The recent decision for the solution of the crisis in the Rohingya has been interrupted due
to several reasons. The violation of the human rights in the Rohingya has been the main reason
for the crisis in the region. Rohingya, Myanmar has been an extreme backward region with
having limited facilities for livelihood. The basic facilities of living has not been provided to the
region that have caused aggression in people of Rohingya. More than 500,000 Rohingya have
left their homes within a month in neighbouring Bangladesh (Parnini, Othman and Ghazali
2013). The discrimination with the people on various basis have been creating violence among
people of Rohingya. Actually, Rohingya are the Muslim Minority group of Myanmar’s Raphine
State having a population of approximately 1.1 million. These people are considered as the
lowest minority group in Myanmar (Beyrer and Kamarulzaman 2017). The government of the
country have not recognized their identity in the national identity record. The Myanmar military
have been executing a campaign for cleansing against the Rohingya people. The situation in the
state has been worse due to the crisis. The Rohingya refugees in Bangladesh have been burning
their homes, shooting, stabbing and raping in the state. The violence has been increasing with the
negligence of the Myanmar Government.
In October 2016, an insurgent group of Rohingya Refuges named as Arakan Rohingya
Salvation Army (ARSA), causes attack on the border guard post and killing nine police officers

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(Singh and Haziq 2016). The High Commissioner of the UN have published the stories of rape
and civic violence scenario in the report.
The Government of Bangladesh has published various documents related to the official
complaints for laying land mines along border of Myanmar (Prodip 2017). This causes
aggression in the army and causing damage to the Rohingya people. The High Commissioner for
Human Rights in the United Nations carried out interviews with the fled people of Rohingya and
concluded that abuses are happening due to the crisis in the human rights and humanity. The
current crisis began in August 2017 after attacks of ARSA on 30 police officers (Khan et al.
2016). There have been various cases abut raping, shooting, sexual assault and burning of the
people in this crisis. The human rights of the people has been continuously violated in the
Rohingya region. There has been a controversial report by the Myanmar government regarding
the Rohingya crisis by disallowing the United Nation to conducts an investigation (Hoffstaedter
2017).
In July 2017 report, the documented file reported that 87,000 Rohingya who had fled
away in Bangladesh are facing several humanitarian challenges in living (Murray 2016). These
challenges includes inability to get shelter, food and gender-biased. The United nation has been
affected by this crisis in Rohingya. The UN has been allowed to interfere in this matter for
investigating it. The Government has announced several plans for the refugees to build more
than 14,000 shelters over 2000 acres of land. There has been serious challenges in the
implementing of the plans into practice (Ahsan Ullah 2016). The civilians were not ready to
understand the situation in the state and were out of control of the militants. The US government
has provided $32 million in humanitarian aid. This have helped in maintaining the financial
crisis among the refugees. While the UN and Red Cross have expanded guide to the Bangladesh

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border, where such a large number of Rohingya have fled, specialists are unable to see a fleeting
future in which the Rohingya can live gently and with rise to rights inside Myanmar's outskirts
(Kneebone 2017). The High Commissioner for Human Rights in the United Nations carried out
interviews with the fled people of Rohingya and concluded that abuses are happening due to the
crisis in the human rights and humanity.
The European Union’s humanitarian aid department (ECHO) has helped in providing
funds for the relief programs in the Rakhine state. Since 2010, ECHO has provided more than
€76 million in humanitarian aid. ECHO has additionally been giving critical subsidizing to life
help to the unregistered Rohingya people in Bangladesh in Cox's Bazar region through global
NGOs and the UN (Milton et al. 2017). Since 2007, near € 35 million have been allotted for
fundamental human services, water, sanitation, shield, nourishment, assurance and mental help,
incorporating €4.5 million out of 2017. The UN should provide support to the Advisory
Commission on Rakhine State, which is led by former UN Secretary General Kofi Annan. Aside
from this life-sparing guide, ECHO will keep on advocating for better correspondence with the
uprooted populaces and a more insurance situated emotionally supportive network (Kneebone
2017). Since 2013 ECHO has designated more than € 1.1 million to IOM, incorporating € 200
000 out of 2017, to give nourishment, essential family things, medicinal services and assurance
to somewhere in the range of 3 000 Rohingya men, ladies and kids kept in Thailand after
purportedly entering the nation wrongfully to travel advance away from home (Silove,
Ventevogel and Rees 2017). The discrimination with the people on various basis have been
creating violence among people of Rohingya. Actually, Rohingya are the Muslim Minority group
of Myanmar’s Raphine State having a population of approximately 1.1 million. These people are

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considered as the lowest minority group in Myanmar. The government of the country have not
recognized their identity in the national identity record.
This aggregate incorporates a territorial philanthropic reaction to the mass oceanic
relocation in 2015, named the 'boatpeople emergencies of the Andaman Sea, which saw
countless outcasts and Bangladeshi vagrants escaping their nations of origin in scan for a place
of refuge in Thailand, Malaysia and Indonesia (Smith 2017). The refusal of the experts to enlist
Rohingya at birth or give marriage endorsements and other common documentation makes it
hard to evaluate the size of the philanthropic necessities of these individuals, a considerable lot
of whom live in troublesome conditions with insufficient nourishment admission and eating
regimen expansion, or access to wellbeing mind. Without lawful status they are additionally unfit
to seek after instruction also, formal business openings, and remain helpless against misuse and
genuine security dangers (Devictor and Do 2017). The August 2017 brutality in Myanmar's
Rakhine state activated another enormous inundation of Rohingya evacuees running over the
outskirt, extending the limits of helpful offices working there, which had just been stressed since
the past convergence in October 2016. The policies used in controlling the situation in Rohingya
has been properly differentiated between the realist and liberal. According to the liberal point of
view, the people in the district has been suffering firm various discrimination. Therefore, the
policies needs to control and finish those inequalities in the district. The policies have to
accommodate all the basic facilities of the people in the district. The realist focuses in the steps
taken by the government for the benefit of refugees in that region.
The UN Security Council might impose multi-lateral arms in the Rohingya district to
meet the requirements of the people and carrying out necessary relief programs. The government
have to provide various clinical facilities to control the spread of diseases among people of

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Rakhine district. The civil violence have to be controlled by strong military actions. The
emotions of the people have to be secured that might help in minimizing stress in the situation.
The government have to help in providing their basic human rights, as they are citizens of the
country. The refusal of the experts to enlist Rohingya at birth or give marriage endorsements and
other common documentation makes it hard to evaluate the size of the philanthropic necessities
of these individuals, a considerable lot of whom live in troublesome conditions with insufficient
nourishment admission and eating regimen expansion, or access to wellbeing mind. The people
are seen as minorities that requires being change by providing them equal rights and
opportunities like others. This might create a lot of difference in the situation. Different
educational education needs to be constructed in the region for educating the small children of
various families. Educating those help in making them understand about the drawbacks of the
crisis. The UN Security Council have to put a target sanction for the Senior General of Myanmar
and other security officers for providing security to the refuges in the Rakhine District. The UN
Security Council should allow data collection with the help of UN Human Rights Council for
identifying other risks in refugees and hold in the human rights abuses in the region. The UN
have to provide extra funds in the region for motivating people in the Rakhine district. The US
government have to support the policies of the UN Security Council for developing the situation
in the Rakhine State. The US government have to control the military-to-military cooperation in
Myanmar that is creating chaos in the civilians. The Government have to support the
humanitarian aid for providing food and shelter to refugees. A proper sanitation and environment
needs to be provided by the US government that helps in maintaining a clean environment for the
refugees.

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