Exercise and Parkinson's Disease: Benefits, and Management Strategies

This report explores the significant role of exercise in the management and potential improvement of Parkinson's disease. It begins with an introduction to Parkinson's, its symptoms (tremors, rigidity, slow movements), and the underlying neurological causes, including the loss of dopamine-producing neurons. The main body delves into the benefits of exercise, which include improved motor function, enhanced quality of life and cognition, reduced risk of disease progression, better balance and coordination, decreased stress and anxiety, and potentially reduced sleepless nights. The report highlights different types of beneficial exercises, such as aerobic exercise, walking, dancing, and Tai Chi, and also discusses the neuroprotective effects of exercise. Furthermore, it emphasizes that exercise is a cost-effective treatment option compared to medication. The report concludes that exercise plays a crucial role in managing Parkinson's disease, offering physical and mental health benefits, and slowing the progression of the disease. The report is supported by references to scientific journals and online resources.

Role Of Exercise In Parkinson’s Disease

TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
MAIN BODY ..................................................................................................................................1
Role of exercise in Parkinson's disease.......................................................................................1
CONCLUSION ...............................................................................................................................4
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................5

INTRODUCTION
Parkinson’s disease is a disorder of central nervous system that influences movement.
The person suffering from this disorder frequently undergoes tremors. All the functions of body
including muscular rigidity, it decreases the ability to initiate intentional movements, tremor
resting as well as instability in postural that resulted in falling of frequents cells. Physical
rehabilitation with survival exercise for person suffering from Parkinson's disease yes not been
accepted although some clinical reports recommended that the exercise may produce
neuroprotective effect and restore motor functions. This present report will outline role of
exercise in Parkinson's disease.
MAIN BODY
Role of exercise in Parkinson's disease
Parkinson's disease is a type of illness which leads to regular loss of neurons with the
substania Nigra which causes reduction of dopamine. The first problem occurs in this type of
disease is inability in body movement (Ahlskog, 2011). It is long term degenerative disease
which impact functioning of motor system. The lack of control over central nervous system leads
to symptoms like, stiffness, shaking and problem while walking, balance and in coordination
including how they write and speak.
The symptoms of this disease develop slowly over years. It has been found that male has
50% higher risk of developing this disease compare to women's. After the age of 50, symptoms
of this disease are appeared. A person suffers from this disease faces-
 Involuntary shaking of particular parts of body (Tremor).
 Bradykinesia
 Rigidity and stiff of limb and muscles
 Gait and balance issues
 Slow movements.
There are some other physical instabilities which grows with the Parkinson's disease that are-
 Anxiety and Depresion
 Problem of balance, chances of fall.
 Sense of smell is also loss (anosmis)
 Sleepless nights
 Loss of memory.
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Treatment of Parkinson's disease are-
There is no proper drug is developed to end this disease. Treatment is only adequate rest,
east balance diet and regular exercise. On other hand, a person who is facing problem in speech,
physical and occupational therapies can help in betterment of communication as well as self-
care. Surgical involution is only given to those people who are unable to react to, therapies,
medication as well as changes in lifestyle. Medicines only provides control over several mental
and physical health related with PD but medicines is not much effective than exercise.
Parkinson's is a type of illness that cannot be healed completely. The disability is
progressive in nature. With the passage of time, disability in patients increases. No drug has been
developed to end this disease (Klaissle, Storch and Steiner, 2012). However, exercise plays a
vital role in the curing symptoms of Parkinson's disease from progressing. Exercise is very
familiar to have many health advantages for example, cerebrovascular and cardiovascular health
is improved, risk of fracture is minimized, sarcopenia related to age, psychological effect is also
better, fat is control and many other benefits. Studies proved that vigorous exercise habit in
midlife bring down the risk of developing Parkinson’s disease. Thus, if risk is minimized that it
slow down the progression of PD. Thus, exercise is very important for healthy living for
everyone. Exercise is not only beneficial for physical fitness but it is very important for and
fruitful for mental health. The person suffering from PD should have to do exercise in order to
maintain balance and daily living activities as well as potential neuroprotective effect. Every
Centre Excellence accept that exercise is very essential to produce an effective result in
Parkinson's disease. Exercise is both for prevention and treatment of PD.
There are some exercises that are beneficial for patients suffering from PD which are as follows:
 Even though all exercise is very helpful but patient should ensure that exercise which
he/she does not get harm to nay part of the body?
 It should be note that before planning of any new exercise, they should consult doctor or
therapist.
 They should take part in formal programmes related to exercise. For example- intensive
training of sports, treadmill training that help in body support, aerobic exercise, stretching
and any home based exercise.
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 On the other hand, some common exercise that patients should do are walking outside,
dancing, yoga classes, Tai Chi classes, swimming, bicycling and jazzercise classes.
Article 1: The types of exercise would be having regional effect on the brain of human with the
prefrontal related and dorsal lateral striatum in the impairment of PD (Petzinger, 2015). So the
role of exercise in PD will be into glutamate neurotransmission, modulating DA and increased in
cerebral flow of blood.
Article 2: The physical rehabilitation within the PD is not been properly established while other
reports are including that exercise is producing neuroprotective impact and restoring the motor
functions as well. As this study was done on mouse model so they were capable of sustaining
treadmill at speed of 18m per minute, 40 minute per day, 5 days per week. Then towards the end
of exercise training will be having impact on behaviour, capacity and neurochemical.
Article 3: The progression in PD will be highly only when there is vigorous exercise and
physical fitness which is been revealed with Parkinsonian animal models. It was noticed that this
exercise will be improving cognition within animals that is moreover linked with neuroplasticity.
Some benefits of Exercise are as follows-
Motor function is improved- Exercise help the patients in improving the motor function
of the body. When body is not able to make movements, exercise plays a vital role. Vigorous
exercise renders an neuroprotective effect that results in development of motor functions of
body.
Quality and Cognition of life is improved- Exercise especially vigorous workout helps in
improving quality and cognition of life. Exercise provide influence neuroprotective effect that
help in betterment of quality and cognition of patient’s life. Person sense of understanding,
knowledge is also enhanced by exercising vigorously.
Reduces the risk of developing of disease- Exercise especially vigorous reduces the risk
of developing Parkinson's disease. It exerts the effect of neuroprotective as well as minimizes the
risk of progression of this disease (Petzinger, 2015).
Helps in balancing and coordination- The person suffering from Parkinson's disease is
unable to walk and move from one place to another. Thus, in such cases, vigorous exercise is
very helpful for patient to make balance and make coordination in movement of body.
Treadmill is the best exercise machine to make balance in walk (Benefits of Exercise, 2016).
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Reduces stress and anxiety- Exercise also helps in reducing stress level and anxiety of
person who suffers from this disease. It has been seen that people suffering from PD undergo
high stress and anxiety because lay long term impact on thinking ability of patients. Thus,
exercise helps in reducing the level of stress and anxiety which helps in managing mood
disorders of individuals suffering from Parkinson.
Exercise is not very costly affair- Treatment of medication is very costly as is not
possible that all people can afford but still the result is not good as exercise. Exercise is not very
cheap and it is reasonable in cost and the results are much better and effective than medication
(Al-Jarrah, Stehno-Bittel and Lau, 2007). Addition to this, Doctor suggests any exercise
machines for patients than it is a onetime investment but medication is never ended treatment
process.
Exercise reduced sleepless nights- People who suffer from Parkinson's disease are not
able to sleep. Thus, at that time, exercise is very helpful as by doing work out, one gets tired that
will make him/her sleepy easily and fast. If person sleep properly that chances of stress and
depression will also reduce.
Increase in Muscular strength- People who suffers from Parkinson's disease become
weak with passing time. Swimming is the best exercise that help person to enhance the strength
of the muscle. Swimming increases the coordination of arms, head and legs. Thus, swimming
exercise is also the best exercise that minimize the risk of progression of Parkinson's.
CONCLUSION
From the above report, it was concluded that exercise play a great role in the
improvement and curing of Parkinson's disease. Symptoms of PD are outlined discussed in this
assignment that help a person to identify the disease. Moreover, this assignment also headed to
the different types of benefits that person get from vigorous exercise who suffers from the person
Parkinson's disease.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals:
Petzinger, G.M., Holschneider, D.P., Fisher, B.E., McEwen, S., Kintz, N., Halliday, M., Toy,
W., Walsh, J.W., Beeler, J. and Jakowec, M.W., 2015. The effects of exercise on
dopamine neurotransmission in Parkinson’s disease: targeting neuroplasticity to modulate
basal ganglia circuitry. Brain plasticity. 1(1). pp.29-39.
Ahlskog, J.E., 2011. Does vigorous exercise have a neuroprotective effect in Parkinson
disease?. Neurology. 77(3). pp.288-294.
Klaissle, P., Storch, A. and Steiner, B., 2012. Physical activity and environmental enrichment
regulate the generation of neural precursors in the adult mouse substantia nigra in a
dopamine-dependent manner. BMC neuroscience. 13(1). p.132.
Al-Jarrah, M., Stehno-Bittel, L. and Lau, Y.S., 2007. Endurance exercise promotes
cardiorespiratory rehabilitation without neurorestoration in the chronic mouse model of
parkinsonism with severe neurodegeneration. Neuroscience. 149(1). pp.28-37.
Online:
Benefits of Exercise. 2016. [Online]. Acessed through:
<http://pdcenter.neurology.ucsf.edu/patients-guide/exercise-and-physical-
therapy#What_types_of_exercise_are_best_for_people_with_Parkinson_s_disease_>.
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