Network Routing and Switching Assignment 2 - COIT20261, Term 1, 2019

This assignment solution addresses key concepts in network routing and switching, specifically focusing on COIT20261, a course likely related to computer networking. The solution begins by presenting routing tables for routers R2 and R3, detailing network addresses, masks, next-hop addresses, and interface information. It then explores the differences between classful and classless addressing, explaining the fields required in routing tables and the routing process. The assignment further delves into routing table lookups, providing examples and step-by-step analyses. The solution then explores the concepts of autonomous systems, inter-domain routing, and intra-domain routing, including examples of routing protocols such as RIP and BGP. The solution includes a comparison of RIP and BGP, highlighting their differences in terms of VLSM support, network size, and routing mechanisms, and explains how they are used in different network types. The solution is supported by references to relevant academic sources.

COIT20261 Network Routing and Switching Term 1, 2019
Assignment item —Written Assessment-2
ANSWER TEMPLATE ASSIGNMENT TWO
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Question 1: (10 marks) 5 each
table
Answer: Routing table of router R2:
Mask Network address Next-hop address Interface
/24 200.11.60.0 ---------- M1
/24 220.10.40.0 150.3.0.3 M0
/22 140.21.0.0 ---------- M2
/18 161.22.0.0 150.3.0.3 M0
/18 150.32.0.0 150.3.0.1 M0
/16 150.3.0.0 150.3.0.3 M0
/16 150.3.0.0 150.3.0.4 M0
/16 150.3.0.0 150.3.0.1 M0
Default Default 150.3.0.4 M0
(Sequeira, 2013 )
Routing table of router R3:
Mask Network address Next-hop address Interface
/24 220.10.40.0 ---------- M1
/24 200.11.60.0 150.3.0.2 M0
/22 140.21.0.0 150.3.0.2 M0
/18 150.32.0.0 150.3.0.1 M0
/18 161.22.0.0/18 ---------- M2
/16 150.3.0.0 150.3.0.2 M0
/16 150.3.0.0 150.3.0.4 M0
/16 150.3.0.0 150.3.0.1 M0
Default Default 150.3.0.4 M0
(Carthern & Wilson, 2016)
5 max
5 max
Question 2: (5 marks)
a) Unlike class-full addressing we have a routing table with three fields
(mask, network and next hop address), in classless addressing we require
four fields, i.e. mask, network, next-hop address and the exit interface.
1 max

COIT20261 Network Routing and Switching Term 1, 2019
Assignment item —Written Assessment-2
The network addresses together with the other parameters are arranged
in rows on the basis of the longest masks. The routing process compares
the subject network address with the routing table rows. The process
continues until there is match in the network. Once a match is found, the
next-hop address and the interface are forwarded to ARP table.
b) Mask Network address Next-hop address Interface
/24 220.10.40.0 150.3.0.3 M0
/24 200.11.60.0 150.3.0.2 M0
/22 140.21.0.0 150.3.0.2 M0
/18 161.22.0.0 150.3.0.3 M0
/18 150.32.0.0 ------------------ M1
/16 150.3.0.0 150.3.0.4 M0
/16 150.3.0.0 150.3.0.3 M0
/16 150.3.0.0 150.3.0.2 M0
Default Default 150.3.0.4 M0
Step 1: we apply the first (/24) on the destination network address. The
result will be 150.32.0.0. This does not match the corresponding
address.
Step 2: we apply the second mask (/22) on the network address. The
result will be 150.32.0.0 which does not match the corresponding
network address.
Step 3: we apply the third mask (/18), the result will be 150.32.0.0. This
result matches the corresponding network address. The next hop-address
and interface are passed to the ARP (Forouzan, 2017).
2 max
c) Mask Network address Next-hop address Interface
/24 220.10.40.0 ------ M1
/24 200.11.60.0 150.3.2 M0
/22 140.21.0.0 150.3.2 M0
/18 150.3.0.0 150.3.1 M0
/18 161.22.0.0/18 ------ M2
/16 150.3.0.0 150.3.2 M0
/16 150.3.0.0 150.3.4 M0
/16 150.3.0.0 150.3.1 M0
Default Default 150.3.4 M0
1. We apply the first (/25) on the network address. The result is
150.32.48.0 which does not match the corresponding network
address
2. We apply the second mask (/22) on the network address. The
result is 150.32.48.0. This result does not match the
corresponding network address.
3. We apply the third mask on the network address. The result is
150.32.0.0. this result does not match the corresponding network
2 max

COIT20261 Network Routing and Switching Term 1, 2019
Assignment item —Written Assessment-2
address
4. We apply the fourth mask (/16). The solution is 150.32.0.0. This
does not match any of the corresponding network addresses.
Therefore the packet will be forwarded to the default route.
Question 3: (10 marks)
a) An autonomous system in networks denotes to a number networks that
are managed/controlled under one administration. Autonomous systems
uses BGP protocol to forward packets. Example of an autonomous
system is ISP, (Tiso, 2013)
1 max
b) Inter-domain routing is a type of routing where systems that use
different routing protocols forward packets to one another. For instance,
network M uses RIP for routing whereas network N uses OSPF for
routing, when M and N networks are able to communicate to one
another, this is termed as inter-domain routing. BGP protocol is capable
of implementing BGP routing (Lammle, 2013).
2 max
c) Intra-domain routing is a type of routing in which networked systems
use the same routing protocol to communicate to one another. For
instance, network M uses RIP whereas network N uses RIP, when the
two networks communicate, we can say this is an intra-domain type of
routing. (Lammle, 2015)
2 max
d) Below table gives differences between RIP and BGP as examples of
Intra-domain and inter-domain routing respectively.
RIP BGP
Does not support VLSM Supports VLSM
Used for small networks Used for very large networks
Is on the basis of hop-count Is based on Autonomous System
Is flat network Is fully meshed
The similarity is that both have very slow convergence time (Empson,
2013 ).
3 max
e) We can note that intra-domain and inter-domain protocols are present in
different types because networks exist in different types. That is to say
networks such as the fully meshed networks cannot be support by the
certain network protocols i.e. RIP. Hence quest for a network protocol
which will support such a network i.e. OSPF (Velte & Anthony, 2013).
2 max

COIT20261 Network Routing and Switching Term 1, 2019
Assignment item —Written Assessment-2
Total marks awarded 25 (max)
Less late penalties
Less plagiarism penalties
Total marks earned
Markers comments:
References
Carthern, C. & Wilson, W., 2016. OSI layers. In: Cisco Networks: Engineers' Handbook of Routing,
Switching, and Security. New York City: Apress, pp. 35-46.
Empson, S., 2013 . CCNA Routing and Switching Portable Command Guide. Indianapolis: Cisco Press.
Forouzan, 2017. Tcp/Ip Protocol Suite. 4th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Lammle, T., 2013. CCNA Routing and Switching Review Guide: Exams 100-101, 200-101, and 200-
120. Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons.
Lammle, T., 2015. CompTIA Network+ Study Guide, (Exam: N10-006). 4th ed. New York City: John
Wiley & Sons..
Sequeira, A., 2013 . Interconnecting Cisco Network Devices, Part 1 (ICND1) Foundation Learning. 3rd
ed. Indianapolis: Cisco Press.
Tiso, J., 2013. Interconnecting Cisco Network Devices, Part 2 (ICND2) Foundation Learning. 2nd ed.
Indianapolis: Cisco Press.
Velte, T. & Anthony, V., 2013. Cisco A Beginner's Guide. New York City: McGraw Hill Professional.