Report on Safeguarding in Health and Social Care Practices

This report addresses safeguarding practices within health and social care settings, focusing on the vulnerability of individuals with learning disabilities and mental health issues. It explores various types of abuse, including physical, sexual, emotional, and neglect, and details the risk factors that can lead to child abuse and harm, such as physical and biological disabilities, lack of awareness, and homelessness. The report examines the impact of social and cultural factors on different types of child abuse, including cultural beliefs, personality, and social factors like health, education, and poverty. It also analyzes current legislation and policies, the roles of key professionals, and effective working practices and strategies to minimize child abuse, offering insights into potential improvements. The report provides a comprehensive overview of safeguarding, offering valuable insights for healthcare professionals and anyone involved in the care of vulnerable individuals.

SAFEGUARDING IN
HEALTH AND SOCIAL
Care

Table of Contents
Table of Contents.............................................................................................................................2
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................3
1.1 Why individuals who have learning disabilities and mental health issues may vulnerable to
abuse and harm............................................................................................................................3
1.2 Risk factors which may be lead to incidence of child abuse and harm.................................5
1.3 Impact of social and cultural factors on different types of child abuse.................................6
M1: Strategies to stop child abuse..............................................................................................7
D1: Evaluate the strategy that you would advocate the manager...............................................8
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................8
2.1 Strength and weaknesses in current legislation and policy which related to vulnerable to
child abuse...................................................................................................................................8
2.2 Role of key professional that are involved in protection of children vulnerable to abuse. .10
M2 :............................................................................................................................................11
D2:.............................................................................................................................................12
TASK 3..........................................................................................................................................12
3.1 Working practices and strategies which design to minimize child abuse in health care
practices.....................................................................................................................................12
3.2 Effectiveness of working practices and strategies to minimize child abuse........................14
3.3 Discuss possible improvements to working practices and strategies..................................15
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................16
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................17

INTRODUCTION
Health and social care organisations are working for providing various types of services
through people can enhance their capabilities. These types of businesses are undertakes to solve
mental problems and health issues with enhance their understanding in their personal life. In this
context, the present report is based on a case in which I am working as a manager of day nursery.
In this aspect, manager is responsible to carry effective services to enhance people capabilities
and their performances for solve health issues. Through focusing on the present study, report
covers risk factors which can harm and abuse to children. Furthermore, it includes impact of
social and culture factors with different types of child abuse. Moreover, it is also evaluates
effectiveness of working practices and strategies which used to minimize child abuse in health
and social care practices.
TASK 1
1.1 Why individuals who have learning disabilities and mental health issues may vulnerable to
abuse and harm
Abuse and harm is defines as detrimental effect of significant nature that make child
abuse. Abuse is defines as single incident and number of different incident which occur at one
place again and again. There are different types of abuse such as physical, sexual, emotional and
neglect. In this way, people are harm themselves in different term such as hitting, throwing and
any many other aspect.
Physical abuse
Physical abuse occur when people are suffered from trauma and any injury. It includes
hitting, shaking, throwing, burning and poisoning, etc.
Psychological abuse

Psychological abuse is take place when an adult or any stronger child uses their power
that involves child in sexual activity. It can be determines in physical, verbal and emotional
activity. It involves, exposing a sexual body part of a child, making obscene text message and
email with child, rape and oral sex, etc.
Emotional abuse
Emotional abuse occurs when child has social, cognitive and emotional development that
is impaired and threatened. It includes deprivation due to persistent such as rejection, yelling,
criticism and family violence.
Mental abuse
Mental abuse occur when people are suffer from any mental diseases. They are unable to
meet their health and development which affected their basic needs such as food, housing,
health-care, understand, thinking capabilities, etc.
In the present case, Nick is suffered from neglect and physical abuse due to injury,
trauma and non accidental physical activity. In this aspect, there are different signs has been seen
which includes abuse and self harm such as dirty clothes, not proper hair style and many other
elements.
As per the case scenario, people who are depends on other people mainly face problems
by abusers. This is because, they are hurting by someone else or any other advantages also
taking. In the present case James is not easily interact with their peers because he is not properly
wash his hair and dress is also dirty. Therefore, it creates impact to make proper interaction with
various people. Due to his powerlessness and dependency, mental and physical ability is
reducing which create impact to learn many things. Another reason of vulnerable is abusing due
to different ability of the people. Following are several factors which create abuse and harm to
people:
Physical and biological disabilities
This is a cause for people which creates vulnerable because they are unable to make fast
and quick decisions. In the present case scenario, James is clumsy child and suffers from
physical abuse is also creating neglect to maintain effective decisions. He takes help from other
person to carry their life decisions. It is the highest risk which facing by abuse in his life because
of weak due to illness condition(Brooker and Waugh,2013.).
Lack of knowledge and awareness

It is also creates matter to considering vulnerability of adults who requires support from
health and social care. In the present case study it has been mention that James is physically and
mental abusing by someone else. He has no knowledge and awareness to identifying the risk
which can also create cause of many abuses in the health context.
Homeless and being away from family
Homeless and being away from family is also exposed adults from abuse. When adults
have no proper care and they are homeless, emotional and sexual abuse is take place. They are
getting rejection to creates proper care from other. Homeless adults have sexual misused which
creates vulnerable in their home.
As per the department of health, adults vulnerable to abuse, are determines as people that
are belongs from 18 years or over it. In this aspect, community care services are needed by
reason of mental or physical disability, age and other illness of people. Due to the above reasons
people are abuse or vulnerable which create harm to people.
1.2 Risk factors which may be lead to incidence of child abuse and harm
Risk factor in the social context is considering with matter for adult and child care. Risk
is the chance which determines possibilities to get exposed into injuries and accidents and
hazards as well. Risk in the health and social care can be seen in term of financial, social,
physical and psychological aspects. Psychological aspect is also understood as mental abuse
which determines risk in term of unstable and harming themselves and other people. In this
aspect, adult feel lonely and no care of the child so that everyone reject them. In the present case
study, it is also shows that James is suffering from clumsy which create high risk to get
psychological aspect. High risk by mental issue is creating anxiety and migration. When the
person feel anxiety, they are harming themselves and other as well. Hence, this type of mental
condition emerge a risk when considering the adult care in the health and social care practices.
Social risk element can be seen with having bad company of various people who have
addictive and negative behaviours. In the present case scenario, it has been mention that care
user need to make effective results and performances. Thus, within the care home, every person
need to make focus on non ethical and as well as negative behaviours for create understanding.
Further, physical risk can be seen in term of exposing into hazards and risk accidents. In addition
to this, most of the risk elements are take place due to lace of care and attention on adults and
children. Due to mobility of issues, carefully services need to be provide to each person so that

they cannot get harmed to move towards other thing. As results, it can be stated that risk factors
can also cause harm themselves which can be seen in child abuse and harm within the present
case scenario.
There are different types of risk factors take place that are as follows:
Individual factors: In this aspect, there are various elements which create abuse and harm to
child, it includes self-esteem, identity, gender and family background, etc. In this situation, care
taker need to take proper caring of person and maintains relationship with them. In addition to
this, in family domestic violence need to be eliminated. As per the present case, Nick is not
understands proper work so that it will create impact on his life. There is risk to leave him alone
so that care provider has responsibility to provide them effective services. In addition to this,
care taker has responsibilities to understand his feeling and emotions.
Further, there are various other factors included which create impact on community in
present case scenario. They are as follows:
Depression among care givers people.
Elder physical and verbal aggression
Social isolation
patient with the history of domestic violence
All these elements are crucial factors which create different types of abuse that can be
lead with loneliness and isolation among people and adults. Care givers must take
responsibilities to help them through protecting from vulnerability.
1.3 Impact of social and cultural factors on different types of child abuse
Social and cultural factors create impact on people and it is also emerging them to assess
the risk of physical and mental abuse as well. In the term of following factors, social and cultural
factors influence to different types of child abuse:
Cultural beliefs
Cultural beliefs of the adults are taking care which can be impact on person behaviours.
There are various adults which strictly believes on religious beyond the disabilities conditions
and situation of illness. For instance, some culture is not prefers to interact of men and women.
Thus, the present case is determining care for James with male doctors and adults as well. Hence,
some adults reject admitting in care and clinical services to emerge health risks of being
undiagnosed. In addition to this, cultural beliefs includes ethnicity, discrimination and religion

that creates impact on child abuse. There are various unwanted circumstances are contributor of
this situation through people are suffers. Due to discrimination in caste, colour and other
elements, adults are abuse in isolation to deal with their health issues.
Personality and personal belief
Another factor which create impact is personality and professional belief which can be
impact on the medication progress and care plan as well for particular adult. Care plan is
determines progress of particular person which made through responsible in the care home. In
personal beliefs, some adults are reject to getting cared by the people which can be prefer to live
alone without any support. Mother of James is alone so that she cannot make proper support that
make high risk and getting chances of accidents. In addition to this, many psych logistics also
mention different personality issues which can be occur with growth of age. Social factors are
includes health, education, housing and poverty which possess low economic social status. In
this aspect, person health is effecting at great level. Due to low social economic status, some
people are not able to take effective and right services. Hence, it creates impact on people life.
Social factor: There are various elements which create impact on person life. It includes health,
housing, education, poverty and network to support people. In addition to this, in some caste
women are getting married at early age that is creating impact on their health. They have no right
same as men. In some areas women are not getting support so that it is also creates reason of
child abuse in female.
Cultural factor: Due to different religion, ethnicity and many other elements, some people are
abuse to child. Some people are belongs from lower caste and in country people said that they
have no right to give proper vote. It is creating impact religion and people as well.
M1: Strategies to stop child abuse
There are various strategies to aid to develop their child abusing situation
Enforcing child abuse laws: In this strategy everyone should have to followed existing
child labour laws which is followed as strictly.
Parents should be responsible: On the other hand the parents should take utmost care of
their children where their children shouldn’t go.
To make the society cooperative: In this strategy in order to provide a healthy
environment to the children, the people residing in the society should cooperate one another.

Education and empowering girls: In this strategy improve girls knowledge and aware
from all kind of such things.
Enacting and enforcing laws: In this strategy provide laws like prohibition of child
marriage act, and child marriage restraint act need to be enforced, and people must be made
aware of the same.
Hence, child abusing can be stopped by following strategies such as organising such a
programmes that Promote in schools. Teaching children, parents and teachers prevention
strategies can help to keep children safe, By Monitoring the child’s television and video which
are viewed by them. Watching violent films and TV programs harms young children. It scares
them, and teaches children that aggression is a good way to handle frustration and solve
problems
D1: Evaluate the strategy that you would advocate the manager
In case of child abuse recommend-ate one out of best strategy to provide protection
against child abuse , that is educating and empowering girls where there is so many institutes
which can be aid to provide knowledge and information. Along with that get aware from all this
child abusing nonsense. By organising Volunteer at a local child abuse program. There are many
family support, crisis need volunteers to help families under stress. Contact your local United
Way office or look in a telephone directory for agencies in your community. If you can’t give
time, support the program with a donation.
TASK 2
2.1 Strength and weaknesses in current legislation and policy which related to vulnerable to child
abuse
There are different types of legislation and policy take place which is related to
Vulnerable to child abuse. They are as follows:
Children and family act 2014
Children and family act 2014 is determines with general principles that are as follows:
Local authority functions that assist to support children and young generation people. In this
aspect, exercising a function is creating a part with including following matters such as views,
wishes and feelings of the child and their parents. In this principle, every child need to give
proper support that facilitate for possible education and other outcomes.

Another principle is determining when a child or young person has requires special
educational needs. In this aspect, child unable to understand learning that create disability. In
addition to this, principle is determining compulsory schooling for every child so that learning
disability can be reduced. Further, special education, health care and social care provision is
made which demonstrate educational and effective training for mainstream schools in England.
In respect to implements these principles, health care organisation can easily protect and provide
effective services to child. It enhances their learning ability and outcomes to deal with various
aspects.
However, it possesses some weaknesses to implements policies and principles in solving
child abuse. Local community and other aspects are mainly includes provision towards child.
This is because, it makes harm to themselves towards the society.
Mental Capacity Act 2005
Mental Capacity Act is established in 2005 which ensure the safety and well-being of
people who are suffers from mental capacity. It includes different types of diseases such as
mental disabilities, mental disorders such as anxiety, etc. Due to started with low mental
disabilities, most of the children are added in group who face various weaknesses in brain due to
growth. In the health care for James is a strength which receives special care, respect from other
people. In this aspect, equal facilities with effective social services which includes health care,
education, transportation and legal environment, etc.
Safeguarding vulnerable group act 2006
This Act is determines to protect vulnerable child and adults in health care context. In this
way safeguarding authority was created as per the power of legislation. It is the main advantages
and strength because of authorities providing emerging services which can be support and
transport the facilities to care home. A good deal of health care professionals also mentioned
weaknesses in the legislation which determines limited definition of vulnerable parties as a large
area of the group. This legislation needs to expand with protecting people (Peckover, 2014.).
Health Care Act 2014
The Health Care Act 2014 is determining with developing strategies which play a major
role to promote good health among different individual. It is also ensured that physical, social
and mental well-being are take place. This legislation ensures safety and respecting to each

person which is the strength to minimise risk factor. Health care is preventing abuse against child
for their progress.
The Education Act 2011
This act is frame to provide proper education to all children to protect them from abuse
like labour, physical and many other aspects. It is the current legislation that involved to make
successful in controlling the child abuse.
National rural employment guarantee act 2005
This act frame to curbing the unemployment and unproductive employment in the rural
areas. It is the systematic approach that assists to develop effectiveness in the minimum wage
schedule.
2.2 Role of key professional that are involved in protection of children vulnerable to abuse
Key professionals are creating their job in health care setting with ascertain risk
assessment. They are also developing care services in care home for providing effective services
to each person. In this aspect, safeguarding professionals are liable for each circumstance which
occurs due to health care setting. Professional such as managers is taking responsibilities to
handle different types of operations and strategies. In this aspect, managers are also capable to
run different legislation on the ground. Safeguarding for vulnerable, managers play very
important role. As a paediatricians and other health-care providers, they set up a guidelines on
infrastructure, staffing there system and also the programmes which are needed to guide for the
development of a children’s hospital by making child protection programme(Stanley and Mills,
2014). Professional provide maltreatment of children with their disabilities, also implementing
and promoting the healthy development survey such as commonwealth fund so that it will
improve the quality and also help to develop the young children. Paediatric also ensure and
develop a safe environment for ever child so that it can help them to better understand the risk
factors for maltreatment. Many specialist make a meeting with child meeting so that kit will help
to reduce child related problems and abuse or neglect. They also make a role to give to provide
health care professionals such as family practice providers, hospital nurse, urgent care clinics etc.
Educators also play as a professional role for protection of children vulnerable to abuse.
School teachers and other school employees give the information related to the child abuse and
neglect and also make a better preparation to support those students which faced with maltreated.
In the field of educator, schools also give information about psychology, health classes to

prevent child abuse or neglect and also make a appropriate policy and also a training programme.
In this way they also prepare a manual for identifying the child abuse and neglect, reporting them
and also provide support after getting the report and also make a checklist and after that make an
effective sample report in it.
Law enforcement also plays a key role for protecting child abuse and neglect. Police
know how to maximize the harm so that in this series it will be guide to improve the over-all
law-enforcement response to incidents. Enforcement agencies also examine the comparative
effectiveness by using law enforcement agencies for child protective investigation. Law Enforces
discuss the procedure for handling child abuse cases and review for the information, in this way
they also focus on strategies for police departments so that they can respond on such report
effectively. In other cases child are safe 72 hours as a safe, it also a role of police ( Pugh and
Duffy, 2013).
National society for the prevention of cruelty to children also has a legal right to follow
the rules against the abuse and they also have a power to make a certain application with the help
of court’s permission.
Clergy also play an important role for abuse affect child and family. They are designed in
against of domestic violence, child abuse or neglect related to the information which provided
for. Clergy report the cases of child which are suspected as a abuse and neglect. They also make
communication with the communities and describe the procedure for prevention of child abuse,
moreover they also give their website and also select a community based information related to
the child abuse and neglect(Brooker and Waugh, 2013).
Local authority has also a legal duty to follow any complaint about the child abuse and
get involved with a family where there seem to be child abuse conditions. Local safeguard
children board are such a kind of panel which are held by several agencies in locally, there main
role is to set up a policy and procedures for children in such local areas. In other there are several
more agencies which play an important role for preventing child abuse and neglect, such are
health care professionals which include health visitors, doctors, staffs etc. and probation officers,
nursery staff, education welfare officers, educational psychologists etc. plays an important role
for making prevention of child abuse and neglect. Hence, it can be said that there are many
agencies who worked in favour of child protection so that it will the child safety against child
abuse and neglects(Manthorpe and Samsi, 2013). As a manager, my role is to resolve the issue

with the collaborative team work in between of school authorities, school workers, policies
professional s especially with the nursery nurse Anne, special educational needs coordinator and
Nick's parents as well,.
M2 :
As per the basis of government guideline individual has to be focus on their Safeguarding
vulnerable group act 2006 where it helps determines to protect vulnerable child and adults in
health care context. To protect the child abasement, they can gather the data or information
related to local areas, after that authority can make effective guidelines for improving such
conditions. In this way safeguarding authority was created as per the power of legislation.
D2:
On the other hand in an organization manager identify their early stage level of child abusing
with the help of Mental Capacity which ensure the safety and well-being of people who are
suffers from mental capacity, and determining developing strategies which play a major role to
promote good health among different individual. It is also ensured that physical, social and
mental well-being are take place.
TASK 3
3.1 Working practices and strategies which design to minimize child abuse in health care
practices
To stop such type of child abuse and neglect there must be safe, stable, nurturing
relationships and also the environments for the children and families can help to control the child
abuse and help the children to reach their full potentials. To protect child against abuse it
requires a comprehensive approaches so that it influence all the level of society, community,
relationships among the family and there neighbours so that it will create safe, stable and
nurturing environment. To minimize child abuse ranges of strategies is needed to implement the
plan. Firstly, they will need of strengthen economic support to family so that it will strengthening
household financial security and also create a family- friendly work policy to them. Second, by
changing social norms to support parents and positive parenting, this strategy will make an
approach to public engagement and education campaigns or by using legislative approaches it