Leadership and Management Strategies for Sainsbury's Success

This report examines leadership and management principles within Sainsbury's, a prominent UK retailer. It delves into various leadership and management theories, such as contingency, transformational, and transactional approaches, and analyzes their impact on productivity, profitability, and efficiency. The report also explores different leadership styles, including democratic and autocratic, in various business scenarios and discusses factors influencing organizational culture. Furthermore, it develops a motivational strategy tailored for Sainsbury's to achieve its goals and objectives and analyzes appropriate leadership and management approaches to enhance business performance. The study concludes by highlighting the importance of effective leadership and management in driving organizational success. Desklib is a valuable resource for students seeking similar solved assignments and past papers.

Unit 4 Leadership and
Management

TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY..................................................................................................................................3
PART A...........................................................................................................................................3
P1 Different management and leadership theories......................................................................3
P2 Impact of application of leadership and management theories on productivity, profitability
and efficiency...............................................................................................................................5
PART B...........................................................................................................................................6
P3 Leadership and management styles in different business situations in different
organisations................................................................................................................................6
P4 Factors that have positive and negative influence on development of culture in
organisations................................................................................................................................8
PART-C.........................................................................................................................................10
P5 Developing the motivational strategy for Sainsbury that enables the organisation in order to
achieve goals and objectives......................................................................................................10
PART-D.........................................................................................................................................11
P6 Analysing the appropriate approaches of leadership and management that can be applied on
the different business situations and enables the performance of the business.........................11
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................12
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................14

INTRODUCTION
Leadership and management are the core elements that lead to add glory in the success of
the organisation. Leadership refers to the concept of leading the employees in the company and
providing them right direction. It is wider concept that involves the motivation as well. The
leaders are entitled to provide motivation to the employees in order to increase the productivity
of the employees (Halkias and Neubert, 2020). On the other hand, management refers to
managing the work procedure in the company so, the goals can be achieved in effective manner.
Leadership and management both the concept are equally for the company. The current study
will examine the concept of leadership and management in Sainsbury.
The Sainsbury is one of the leading retailer firm in UK. The firm is growing on a high
rate. This report will illustrate the major aspects of leadership and management in the context of
Sainsbury. Furthermore, the report will describe the theories of leadership and management that
impacts the effectiveness of the company and culture of the firm. Also, the motivation strategies
will be developed for the firm. Apart from this, the report will highlight the approaches of
leadership and management that ensure the improvement in the performance of the organization.
MAIN BODY
PART A
P1 Different management and leadership theories
Before discussing different leadership and management theories, it is important to
understand leadership and management. Leadership is an ability to influence as well as guide
followers of an organisation. Management is the process of dealing and controlling people and
things within organisation. Managers and leaders are known as 2 main pillars and key of
organisational success as they perform number of functions within business. One of the main
thing related to leadership and management on which success of companies rely are: leadership
and management theories. Some effective leadership and management theories that can be used
by Sainsbury’s include:
Contingency theory: This theory of leadership states that no style of leadership is
appropriate and suitable in all type of situations (Bachrach and Mullins, 2019). There are number
of variables that may influence particular situation and leader must choose the right course of

action and taking into account those variables. The best leaders have not only the right traits but
also the ability to access needs of their followers and act accordingly.
Transformational: This theory is known as relationship theory that focuses on
relationship between leaders and followers. As per this theory, leaders are charismatic and have
an ability to encourage employees to transform themselves ad becoming their best version.
Employees are being encouraged to perform all tasks in an effective manner. Transformational
leaders are motivated by their ability to show their followers the significance of tasks getting
involved in performing such tasks. Leaders focus on both team’s performance and individual’s
performance. When employees are being encouraged and motivated then they find easier in
performing their functions, motivated employees strive hard for accomplishing goals and
improving performance (Kwan, 2020). So, on the basis of this, it can be said that this theory of
leadership can be used or implemented by Sainsbury’s for improving performance of employees.
Transactional: Transactional theories refer to as management theories as well as exchange
leadership theories. It revolves around the role of supervision, teamwork and organisations. As
per this theory, leaders and manager motivated employees with rewards and punishment as well.
It is believed that for motivating employees as well as maintaining discipline within business, it
is important to punish employees along with providing those rewards on the basis of
performance. When employees are being rewarded on the basis of their performance then it
encourages other employees towards striving hard and accomplishing goals as well. As like this,
leaders need to punish employees for their poor performance as it leads discipline and help them
out in improving working culture. Employees do not take undue advantages and they try to
accomplish goals by improving their performance. So, on the basis of this, it can be said that it is
other effective leadership theory that can make beneficial to both employees and employers of
Sainsbury’s
Great man theory: This theory of leadership is based on assumptions that leadership is an
inborn phenomenon and that leaders are born rather than made. So, on the basis of this, it can be
said that a person who has capabilities of leading has personality traits such as: confidence,
communication skills, integrity, social aptitude and others that leaders need to possess. People
that possess all these skills are able to lead employees and encouraging them towards performing
functions, improving performance and accomplishing all goals (Hunt and Fedynich, 2019). So,
on the basis of this, it can be said that leaders need to focus on improving all these skills for

improving working environment and getting work done from followers in a effective and
qualitative manner.
All these theories can be implemented by Sainsbury’s for increasing staff retention rate and
improving performance as well.
P2 Impact of application of leadership and management theories on productivity, profitability
and efficiency
By implementing above discussed management and leaders theories, Sainsbury’s and other
retailers can increase their overall productivity, profitability and efficiency. Ways in which all
these theories can make beneficial to Sainsbury’s include:
Increase staff retention: By implementing transformational theory of leadership, leaders
can make employees feel valued and can increase staff retention rate. As per the transformational
theory, leaders encourage employees for performing functions, improving performance and
accomplishing goals. When employees are being encouraged and guided in the right direction
then they find easier in completing their tasks (Al Khajeh, 2018). It improves their performance
and makes them feel valued. Valued and motivated employees are more likely to stay within
business for the long run. Encouraged employees bring innovation within business and help their
company out in accomplishing goals. So, on the basis of this, it can be said that by implementing
transformational leadership theory, Sainsbury’s can improve overall performance of their
business.
Increase profitability: By implementing transactional theory of leadership, leaders of
Sainsbury’s can increase profitability as well as sales. As per this theory, leaders reward and
punish employees on the basis of their performance. When employees are being rewarded then it
boosts their confidence and other employees also try to improve their performance for getting
appreciation and rewards from leaders. Whereas, when employees are being punished because of
their poor performance then it hurts them but for proving themselves they strive hard and try to
improve their performance. Leaders help employees in improving their performance. Both
punished and rewarded employees focus on bringing innovative and unique ideas by which they
can improve their performance and can prove their potential. Innovation and creativity makes
companies able in attracting customers (Purwanto and et.al., 2020). When customers receive
qualitative products and services then they stay with business for the long run. They become
trustworthy customers and do not switch brand and it increases profitability as well as sales of

company. Satisfied customers improve image of company by word of mouth. So, on the basis of
this, it can be said that transactional leadership theory can increase profitability as well as
efficiency of Sainsbury’s.
Increase competitiveness: As on the basis of above benefits of implementation of
leadership and management theories, it is found that it can increase staff retention and overall
profitability rate. When manager implements great man and contingency theory then managers
can make take competitive advantages and can become the market leader. As per the great man
and contingency theory, leaders need to improve all those skills that are required for leading
employees in an effective manner. So, by developing communication, integrity, decision making
and other skills, leaders as well as managers can motivate employees and can satisfy their needs
by understanding their behaviour. By communicating with employees, they can make them feel
valued and as one of the most important resources of the company. When leaders understand
behaviours of employees and satisfy their needs then they are less likely to leave organisation.
They abide all rules and policies, developed by managers and it improves working environment.
By working in this productive environment, employees can decrease errors and can lead
qualitative products (Subarto, Solihin and Qurbani, 2021). By providing qualitative services they
can satisfy customers; needs and can increase staff retention rate. Increased customers’ retention
is one of the main keys of competitive advantages. So, on the basis of this, it can be said that
implementation of theories of leaders and managers can make beneficial to retailers to the great
extent.
PART B
P3 Leadership and management styles in different business situations in different organisations
There are number of leadership and management styles that can be used by companies as
per their current organisational situations. There are 2 styles of leadership that can be used by
different organisations as per their current situation such as:
Democratic: It is one of the best leadership styles that are known as participative. As per
this style of leadership and management, employees are being allowed to take participate in
decision making process. There are number of processes and decisions that are being taken by
managers and leaders. But when employees are being allowed to provide suggestions while
making decision then it makes them feel valued (Gultom and Situmorang, 2020). They feel that
they are important resources of the company and they give better suggestions and help out

companies in improving decision and accomplishing goals. This style of leadership and
management is being used by Sainsbury’s and Tesco because of their current organisational
situation. Tesco and Sainsbury’s both have skilled and trained employees and they have an
improved and specific process of taking decision. As per this situation, they can believe and trust
employees and that is why they both give an opportunity to employees to provide suggestions
and improve this important decision making process. It increases trust and staff retention rate and
this leadership and management style is one of the keys of their success.
Autocratic: this leadership and management style is just opposite of democratic. As per
this style, leaders and managers do not allow their employees to suggest and share views while
making decisions. This style sometimes makes employees feel de-valued and de-motivated
employees are less likely to stay within business for the long run. But there are some situations in
which this style is being implemented. When there is small and medium size organisation that
does not have skilled and experienced employees. When employees within business are being
hired new and recently then leaders do not take risk and that is why they do not provide an
opportunity to employees to make decision and provide suggestions. In this type of situation,
they implement autocratic style of leadership and make decision by their own. Other situation of
organisation when thus style is being used or implemented is: lack of time to make decision and
submitting projects (Chukwusa, 2018) When leaders and managers need to make decisions on an
urgent basis that time also they take decision by their own and do not involve employees
otherwise, it may delay in submission of projects. As per the current situation, managers
implement style accordingly. So, it can clearly be said that size, nature and organisational
situations play a vital role in successful implementation of leadership styles.
Situational leadership: This theory of leadership itself suggest that there is no single leadership
style that is the best and instead leadership needs to decide strategies that is suited to the task
such as:
Style 1: It is the first style of leadership as per the situational leadership that refers
telling, directing and guiding. In this style, leaders use high amount of task behaviour and low
amount of relationship behaviour. Leaders make decision when employees complete tasks and
flow of communication within this style of leadership is from the leader to the follower.

Style 2: It is selling leadership style that is high in both task as well as relationship. When
leaders feel that employees are well trained and also need to be feel valued. Then this style is
being followed.
Style 3: It is participating style where leaders supports employees and help them out in
completing their tasks. It is high on relationship as leaders focus on improving relations with
employees rather getting tasks done in order to make them feel valued and motivated (Thompson
and Glasø, 2018).
Style 4: It is delegating and monitoring style where leadership approach is characterised by low
amounts of both in task and relationship. The just monitor and make sure that employees are on
the right track and accordingly take actions.
So, on the basis of above discussed all styles of leadership and management, it can be said that
implementation relies on current organisational situations.
P4 Factors that have positive and negative influence on development of culture in organisations
There are number of internal and external business environmental factors that may have both
positive and negative impact on cultural development. Some internal factors that can have
positive as well as negative impacts on organisational culture and its overall performance
include:
Leadership: Leadership plays a vital role but it is important for leaders to make use of an
effective leadership styles and theories. There are number of leadership styles that can be used
such as: democratic, transformational, and democratic and others. As per the current situations,
leaders need to make use of their styles of leading. When leaders use democratic and other
effective styles of leadership then it makes them feel valued and lead an improved working
environment (Kohnová, Papula and Salajová, 2019). Whereas, when leaders use styles of task
oriented and do not focus on improving relations with employees then it de-motivate employees
and employees are less likely to stay with business and it can have negative impact on working
environment and culture.
Employees: When HR hires and recruit skilled employees then it improves working
environment and lead productivity. Skilled employees strive hard, abide all rules and help out
their company in accomplishing goals. Whereas, inexperienced employees can have negative
impact on organisational culture. They do not abide all rules and do not focus on improving their

performance. They can affect overall quality of company and can lead poor productivity of
working environment.
Capability and support: Capability as well as support from managers to employees can
have positive impact on organisational culture. When managers and leaders are capable to
manager operations and employees then they can enable their employees for improving
performance. They become idle for their employees and employees are more likely to follow
their managers and leaders. It brings discipline within business and help company out in
increasing performance. This discipline is important for having positive impact on organisational
culture. When managers are capable and are supportive then employees understand vision of
company and they are the one who make working environment productive. On the other hand,
managers with lack of skills and supportive behaviour can make employees feel de-motivated
and de-motivated employees do not stay with business (Vieira-dos Santos and Gonçalves, 2018).
It can have negative impact on overall performance of companies.
Technology: Technology is external environmental factor and it can also have both
positive and negative impact. When companies make use of advanced technology and placed
them within business then employees find easier in performing functions. It makes their work
easier and make them able to complete their tasks in a timely manner. It improves their
performance and boost their confidence. Whereas, companies with poor technology suffer a lot.
Nowadays, it is not possible to perform all tasks without advanced technology otherwise; it may
affect overall performance and productivity.
Management style: As like leaders, management style also play a vital role as it encourages
and motivate employees towards accomplishing goals. When managers use effective styles and
ways of managing then it makes employees feel valued. When managers have open door policy
and communicate directly with employees then employees share their views and get their doubts
solved in a timely manner. On the other hand, when managers do not focus on communication
with employees and only focus on getting tasks done then it may have negative impact on
organisational culture. It can increase staff turnover rate that can affect overall image as well as
performance of company.
On the basis of above discussed internal factors, it can be said that the way in which
managers and leaders respond have positive and negative impact on organisational culture.

PART-C
P5 Developing the motivational strategy for Sainsbury that enables the organisation in order to
achieve goals and objectives
Motivation refers to that element that drives the confidence level of the employees and
enforces them to perform much better. It has been considered as one of the important element in
order to increase the productivity of the firm. Sainsbury is concerned with the large number of
employees and all of them are the major source that contributes in the growth of the company.
Therefore, it is important to provide a keen focus over the motivation of the employees as it leads
to their satisfaction as well. A satisfied employee contributes more at the workplace in
comparison of unsatisfied employee (Panait and Panait, 2018). The motivation is further of two
types and that is intrinsic and extrinsic. Intrinsic refers to that motivation that comes from the
inside of the person while extrinsic refers to that motivation that comes from the outside source.
Both the type of motivation plays vital role in enhancing the working of the employees. Here are
the major strategies of motivation for the Sainsbury:
Recognize and reward- It is important to provide appreciation to the employees on the work
done by them. Rewarding strategy is one of the best strategy for motivating the employees. It
creates the values of the employees. When the workers are appreciated for their job at workplace
this leads to create a sense in them that, they are getting proper value at the workplace (De Vito
and et.al., 2018). Often, employees contributes more in their task after getting appreciation.
Thus, Sainsbury can increase the motivation of the employees by appreciating them and this
leads to increase the contribution of employees in work. As a result, the goals of the organization
is achieved in effective manner.
Open and transparent- The leaders and managers must be open and transparent in front of the
employees. Many times the employees did not contribute in effective manner in their task there
are many reasons that works as a barrier in the effectiveness of employees. Therefore, the leaders
and managers must create the environment in the organisation so, the employees feel
comfortable and share their issues. Within adopting this strategy, Sainsbury can solve the
problems of their employees. Also, this lead to encourage the employees in effective manner.
Positive approach- Being positive even in the negative situation leads to one of the best strategy
of motivation for the employees. The leaders and managers of the Sainsbury must adopt the
positive approach for their employees even at the time of negative situation (Troshina and

Mantulenko, 2019). So, the employees feels motivated throughout the time. A positive attitude
makes the big difference at the workplace and often encourage the employees to adopt the
positivity and contributes in effective manner while performing the task.
Understand needs- In accordance with the motivational theory of Maslow is has been said that,
it is important to understand the needs of the employees at the workplace. Physiological, safety,
social, self-esteem and self-actualization are the five types of major needs that has been
described under the Maslow's theory of motivation. It is important to understand the needs of the
employees in order to assure them motivation. The physiologic needs refers to full-filling the
basic needs of the employees such as, house, food and so on. Sainsbury can assure this by
providing the job security to the employees. The safety needs involves the protection of the
employees while the social needs refers to increasing the formal connection with employees.
Self-esteem and self-actualization needs are the source of internal motivation for the employees
that drives from the external source of motivation (,Steinbauer and et.al., 2018). Sainsbury can
adopt this strategy and can assure the motivation to the employees from the internal and external
parameters. As a result, the effectiveness of employees in the work will be increase and this leads
to achievement of the objectives of the firm.
PART-D
P6 Analysing the appropriate approaches of leadership and management that can be applied on
the different business situations and enables the performance of the business
Leadership approaches for Sainsbury:
Value-based approach-This refers to that approach of leadership that can be applied in the
business when the employees are highly demotivated. This leads to increase the values of the
employees by interacting with them (Pretorius, Steyn and Bond-Barnard, 2018). Also, the
employees feels comfortable in sharing their opinions with the leaders. Sainsbury can use this
approach at that time, when the employees are highly demotivated. This leads to boost the values
of the employees and enables them to perform more batter.
Participative approach- This approach can be adopt by Sainsbury when the firm wants to
include the opinions of the employees in the major decision of the company. This approach
creates the sense of belongingness in the employees and helps in interacting with the leaders as
well.

Situational approach- This refers to that approach in which the characters of leaders depend
upon their followers (Odor, 2018). Sainsbury may use this approach for creating the effective
organisational environment. This approach is suitable for that business situation in which there is
less of coordination among the employees. This leads to create the effective coordination in the
employees as the leader works according to them.
Management approaches for Sainsbury
Human relation approach- This refers to that approach of management that is used in order to
create effective human relation in the firm. The chosen firm can adopt this approach for creating
the interaction among all the departments of the company. Effective interaction among all
departments assures the growth and improvement in performance.
Operational approach- It has to be used when the business wants to increase its production
(Kujala, Lehtimäki and Freeman, 2019). The major focus of this approach is to increase the
operations of the firm. Mangers of Sainsbury may adopt this approach in order to ensure quality
production in the business. As a result, the business earns higher profit.
System approach- It is concerned with the study of human and resources that are required for the
organisation (.Heath, 2021). It is aligned with including the effective base of human in the
company along with the effective resources. Sainsbury can adopt this approach in order to
generate effective systematic working in the company.
Recommendation
In order to improve the performance of the business, Sainsbury must adopt the participative
leader approach and systematic management approach. As participative approach of leader
ensures the involvement of all employees in the organisation and this leads to increase their
value and it affects their performance in positive manner. The systematic approach of
management enables the company to create a systematic management in relation of human force
and other resources. Thus, this leads to add glory in the performance of the Sainsbury.
CONCLUSION
The above report has concluded that, both the elements leadership and management plays
the vital role in the success of the organization. The leadership focuses on enhancing an
individual's capability and the management focuses on enhancing the work procedure in the

company. It is important to adopt the effective leadership style in the company as it provides
impact over the productivity of the employees (Cole, 2018). Adopting such leadership style
which provides opportunities to the employees in terms of sharing their opinion leads to boost
the value of the employees and increase their faith towards the organisation. In same manner,
adopting appropriate management style affects the working procedure in the company and assure
effective results.
The report has described that, the motivation strategies affects the company in positive
manner. Motivation leads to create the higher efficiency in the employees. Therefore, it is
important to adopt the effective strategies of motivation as it drives the productivity of the
employees. Apart from this, the report has highlighted the effective approaches of leadership and
management that affects the performance of the organisation. Adopting the efficient approaches
in relation of leadership and management results in increasing the efficiency of work in the
company. As a result, organization achieves its goal in effective manner.

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