Speech and Language Therapy in Children with Neurological Disorder

This report provides a comprehensive overview of Speech and Language Therapy (SaLT) for children with neurological disorders. It begins with an abstract and background, highlighting the prevalence of neurological issues in children and the financial resources allocated to address them. The report details the role of speech and language therapists, psycholinguistic therapy methods, and case studies involving children with autism and dyslexia. It describes professional support systems, assessment procedures, and UK laws protecting these children. Furthermore, the report critically analyzes legislation, policies, and procedures within schools and nurseries, while also examining government strategies and action plans designed to improve the lives of children with neurological disorders, concluding with an emphasis on the importance of early intervention and ongoing support.

Speech and Language (salt) Therapy
in Children with Neurological
Disorder

Table of Contents
ABSTRACT....................................................................................................................................1
BACKGROUND.............................................................................................................................1
TASK...............................................................................................................................................2
Role of speech and language therapist.........................................................................................2
Psycholinguistic therapy..............................................................................................................2
Psycholinguistic treatment for the suffers...................................................................................2
Describing the case study with children with some neurological disorders................................3
Describing the professional support and their roles....................................................................4
Procedure assess by professional.................................................................................................5
UK law that protect this children's...............................................................................................5
Critical analysis of legislating, Policy and procedure for children in schools and nursery........6
Government that protect the children and their families.............................................................7
Improvement in the government legislation................................................................................8
Government strategies for the children........................................................................................8
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................10
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................12

ABSTRACT
Speech and language therapy (SaLT) is commonly used to assist children with language
or communication error. Not only this, it also help people who faces difficulties in swallowing,
eating and drinking. Therefore, a therapist are required who trained those children and try to
assess their speech and language or communication problem. Thus, the entire report is based
upon the Speech and language therapy (SaLT) and describe the policy and procedure for the
children which are adopted in the school and nursery. Moreover, in order to treat these issues in
well manner, therapist assist the people with their specific skills. Moreover, the report will
provide the brief background of children who are suffering from neurological issues and then
describe the policy and procedure for the children in their schools. Further, report describe the
legislation which protect the children as well as their families and then what further actions are
taken by the government of UK in order to minimize the problem of neurological disorder
among children. Lastly, report will also describe the action plan that may be introduce for
children in order to minimize the problem up to some extent.
BACKGROUND
As per the secondary study, it is observed that around 27% of the children faces issue and
lived with disability. Therefore, it is only imbalance in nervous system which damage the entire
body structure of a child. Therefore, as per the NHS report, it is analysed that huge amount of
money is also spent to provide better services related to Neurological services i.e. £3.3 billion.
Further, more than 13% of the total budget is also spent on people who are living with
neurological condition. But the government also provide different facilities in order to treat the
children in better manner. But on the other side, as per the report it is also observed that there is
an increasing trend in neurological deaths such that there is 39% increase in the annual death i.e.
6% increment which creates negative impact upon the country's image as well. Therefore, £750
million is also spent for the urgent and emergency care for the children so that it helps to
minimize the problem of sudden death In UK (Key facts of UK related to Neurological disorder,
2018). Such that this disability creates a negative impact upon the healthcare of every children.
In addition to this, the entire report main objective is to describe the role of speech and
language therapy in the children who are suffering from neurological disorder. Moreover,
government of UK also contribute their best in order to promote the health of children so that
they get best care and safety even if they are suffer from any disorders. The entire study helps to
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describe different policy and procedure that are introduce by government of UK in order to
provide them best health care.
TASK
Role of speech and language therapist
Speech and language therapists provide life changing treatment which provide care and
support to the child and adults who mainly faces difficulties with communication or eating,
drinking and swallowing. Therefore, at that time, the speech and language therapists provide
them ways or treatment to cope up with this problem. So, it reflect that SLTs are the allied health
professionals who mainly work with parents, carers as well as other professionals such as nurses,
occupational therapists and doctors and in UK, there are 17000 practising who provide special
care to children who faces neurological disorder.
Psycholinguistic therapy
The psycholinguistic method us a type of model that is utilized by language and speech
therapists to determine the nature of speech, language and difficulties in literacy of children and
then these therapists target intervention accordingly. Example of using this approach is word
finding and speech development etc. This therapy is used in the field of cognitive science and it
is the study of how individuals like children produce, comprehend and acquire the language.
Psycholinguistics are also interested in social rules that are involved in brain mechanism,
language use and other mechanism that are related with language.
Psycholinguistic treatment for the suffers
This therapy is mainly taken into consideration related to child's linguistic system. For
instance, Is the child stored the word and speech sound correctly or he is able to hear difference
between certain speech sound? At that time, the therapists uses different treatment such that
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semantic representation, phonological representation, Motor Program, grammatical
representation so that it will help a child to overcome from its difficulties.
Describing the case study with children with some neurological disorders
A 7 year old child faces issue related to autism and as a result, his family is majorly
concerned with the problem and at that time, the therapist also provide suggestion such that
provide language intervention activities and also make sure that they uses the best treatment for
their child. In this situation, the parents will provide care to their children and also consider the
possibility of autism as well.
On the other side, a 5 year old child who is suffering from dyslexia in which a child is
frustrated because he is not able to meet the expectation of their parents and teacher. At that
time, it is the duty of the parents to make sure that in the early child’s life, they need to be more
supportive and encouraging as well. As the child is quite nervous to express themselves because
of their language error, at that time, an adults must have to make sure that they encourage and
protect their child. Further, a teacher should also encourage their child ad also try to help them to
get success as well. Even government also make kindergarten or first grade often to improve
their reading skills to ensure about their success.
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Therefore, a therapist also teach kids to recognize every word and also teach phonics that
helps in connecting letters with sounds, breaking words into sounds. So that this skill allow a
child who is suffering from dyslexia to sound out words they don’t know. Therefore, in this way,
the treatment is done to overcome the child from neurological disorder.
Describing the professional support and their roles
The speech and language therapy provides treatment , care and support for the children as
well as to the adults who are facing different types of difficulties in communicating with other
peoples. They also face difficulties in drinking, eating, swallowing etc. There are various
professionals that are involved in speech and language therapy such as therapists (Brett and
et.al., 2016). Speech and language therapists are allied health professionals they provide various
services and these therapists performs their services in relation with teachers, occupational
therapists, nurses and doctors etc. There are almost 17000 therapists that are practising in UK in
different types of settings. These therapists receives training to treat speech, assess the speech,
language and communication difficulties faced by different types of peoples of all the ages and
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they help them to communicate to best of their abilities. They also work with people who are
having problems like head injury, psychiatric disorders etc.
Speech and language therapists help people for psychological or physical reasons that
have problem in communicating or speaking. The patients find difficulties in communication
because they has been impaired due to injury or illness etc. Therapists helps children in facing
various issues. They also help adults and children that are facing difficulties in sharing their ideas
due to various problems. They also children with moderate or learning difficulties, language
delay, stammering, autism and difficulties in interaction or hearing impairment etc (Baek and
et.al., 2017).
Procedure assess by professional
Professional’s uses different therapy such that:
Language Intervention activities: In this, SLP will interact with child by playing and talking,
using pictures and books, objects in order to stimulate language development. In this therapists
may correct children vocabulary and grammar or use of repetitive exercise to correct language.
Articulation therapy: It is the sound production therapy which help to correct sound in words
during play activities. In this, therapists will show how child make certain sounds and move their
tongue.
Oral motor and swallowing therapy: In this oral massage is used such as facial massage, various
tongue lip and jaw exercise etc in order to strengthen the muscles of mouth for eating and
drinking.
UK law that protect this children's
The government of UK also establish the National Advisory Committee for Neurological
Conditions in 2016, whose main aim is to improve the actual condition of people, provide care
and treatment such that NACNC also provide advice to Minister related to neurological
condition in order to provide support for the development of national policy. It also improve the
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outcomes for the people with neurological condition by working to embed by providing best and
quality strategy whose aim is to support as well as make sure that there is a safe and effective
centred care to the children. Further, in order to protect the children of school and nursery,
government of UK also follow the procedure in 2015 (O'Connell and et.al., 2019). such that NHS
England commissioned Thames Valley strategic clinical network in order to lead the national
program of work, the main objective is to deliver best care to the person and also encourage the
adoption of community based models that are used to improve the quality of life for people who
are actually suffer from the long term neurological condition. In this, the network provides ways
of organizing and delivering the care as well as uses advance technology in order to protect
children who are suffering from disorder.
Critical analysis of legislating, Policy and procedure for children in schools and nursery
There are different policy and procedure for children in schools as well as nursery such
that they hire special therapist who help the children to provide them. Such that in early stage of
children, the nurses and teacher are specially trained in order to treat them with neurological
disorder people. On the other side, there are specific schools are established in order to provide
the best care facilities to the people who have issue related to speech and language. On the other
side, it is critically evaluated that as per the Right to Education, government also provide
education even to disable person by trained teachers. But before that, special training is also
provided in order to treat well with their children. As per the National Institute for Health and
Care Excellence guidelines, it is quite necessary for the government of UK provide best care and
facility to the children because its main aim is to prevent ill health, promote good health in entire
country, also improve the quality of care and services to the children and then adopt and provide
health and care services to protect good health as well.
In UK, there are different laws which helps or promote the children as well as their
family to be healthy. Such that Autism Act was passed in 2009 by government which was the
first act of disability that specify the legislation. But in 2010, the government also introduce fist
strategy in England as well that helps in fulfilling and rewarding lives and for that, government
also provide effective training session to the therapist so that they will understand the words of
children. On the other side, The Care Act, 2014, also help or provide staff to undertake autism
assessment so that the children did not have any issue and their mental status could be improve.
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Therefore, it is clear that government of UK implement different strategies and plan in
order to protect the children from disorders (Raper and et.al., 2019). The policies main aim is to
make sure that people who are suffering from neurological disorder make sure that they get best
treatment plan from the therapist and there is no discrimination because of their language and
speech error. So, it reflect that government takes initiatives in order to protect and promote the
good health in country.
Government that protect the children and their families
In order to protect the family of those children who are suffering from neurological
disorder, Government of UK also introduce law such that as per Children and Family Act, 2014
that provides a new and special education needs and as support them by providing education and
also health and social care facilities too (Thorpe and et.al., 2019). This clearly reflect that the
government implement its best measures in order to protect the children from the neurological
disorder by providing education and hiring best person who support them as well as their
families too. On the other side, in December 2018, the government of UK also announces that it
would be more beneficial if government bodies think to provide special treatment to these people
in order to make sure that they are best fit. That is why, it is announced that there is a need to
work with the department of education in order to extend the strategy which also include
children. So that they get better care with education.
Beside this, in 2019, further commitment are also made in order to improve services or
the neurological disorder such that NHS Long term plan includes the introduction of digital flag
in which the patient record in further years which also make sure by staff that actually person is
suffering from autism or not. Therefore, the government also provide information and training to
to the staff so that how they support people and also make sure that they provide best facilities to
the patients as well (Reuber, 2018). On the other side, government also provide licence to those
therapist who also support to understand the children in better way. Moreover, the therapist also
make sure that they also provide the right education to those people and they also provide the
best care as well as facilities to the child. Hence, it is clearly reflect that the government
implement effective laws and legislation for the neurological disorder people so that they get best
treatment as well as care (Cullen, 2018).
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Improvement in the government legislation
In order to improve the government legislation, there is a need to improve the community
care for neurological disorder people so that it can improve the care coordination for the
individual in the services boundaries. Further, they may also provide best care and advance
technologies facilities in order to provide them extra care (Baek and et.al., 2017). Moreover, the
government must focus on specific resources which are needed so that the number of children
death may be minimized. Therefore, the government has to make strong committee whose main
objective is to stimulate the delivery of person who require extra care and they should also
encourage the adoption of community based care models as well so that it will provide good
quality of care to those children who are suffer from disability or who have long term
neurological conditions as well.
In addition to this, the government also establish special schools who provide helps to
meet the need of every children and should maintain the nurturing emotional relationship that
leads to both intellectual as well as social growth. As it is cleared from the secondary research,
UK is suffered from sudden child death due to neurological disorder and therefore, it is necessary
to make changes or improvement in their existing legislation (To and et.al., 2017). The
neurological condition did not affect only an individual, but it also affect the entire family as
well. As NACNC also advised Scottish government to commission several work and then
determine that people should provide best variety of care and facilities in order to treat them with
their neurological disorder.
Moreover, the government should also establish the best training institute so that it will
provide effective training session to the nurse and teacher. Further, committee should be made
which exemplify how the investment is well- coordinated community services so that it can
reduce pressure on the health system. In addition to this, it is also analysed that by developing
the committee, it reduce the long working days and as a result, it will provide better outcomes for
the welfare of the children (Stowe and et.al., 2016). Or else, government should also create
awareness campaign in which treatment may also mention, so that it will help to reduce the
amount of deaths and it is quite necessary to also focus in training system of entire workforce.
Government strategies for the children
As per the secondary data, it is analysed that most of the children faces issues with their
speech and language error and for that there is a need to develop action so that the it help to
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minimize the issue up to some extent. It is also analysed that in order to minimize the speech and
language issue, majority of people consult with therapist who support them in order to reduce the
issue up to some extent. Therefore, therapists do the following strategies in order to provide
proper care to these children:
Assessment:
In this, try to assess child that includes all speech and language development so that it ill help to
analyse the areas of delayed for the child. Therefore, this activity will help to analyse which
skills need to add and improve among children
Choosing goal:
After identifying the error, gaols are develop in which each and every week is specified for
certain activity that helps to minimize the error (Mallick and et.al., 2015). For instance, a child
has lot to say but no one can understand because of sound error and as a result, it affect the daily
routine life and it may also leads to entire life as well.
Providing therapy:
in this stage, try to teach child to use some special words through loud sound such that /F/ or
fffff, after learning this, try to use these words in the sentence or the conversation. This activity
must repeat for twice.
Or if, there is a need to provide multi- direction then start with small words and always speak
with the child. Because after hearing and following the same is more beneficial for the child.
Even it is also analysed that in early age, chances of learning are more.
Reading habit:
try to read stories or by make up stories with character, conflict, adventure and happy ending will
help to learn the things easily (Brett and et.al., 2016). But also make sure that these stories fit to
child's interest and this should not be so scary even.
Try to use modern gadget:
I the child is above 3, then the parents may also use Television and mobile phones in order to
interact with this things. On the other side, while some education program are also more
beneficial to kids in order to improve their speech and language as well. Further, computer
games are consider another interactive things because it helps to respond to child's ideas as well.
Therefore, the above assessment is helpful that can be easily used by parents in order to
improve the neurological disorder. Further, the parents may also take help of Speech language
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pathologist who easily evaluate and treat the child who faces issue related to neurological
disorder (Kingston and et.al., 2016). Moreover, by following the action plan step by step also
helps to interact with others in more easy way and therapist may also use different tools and
resources in order to make the child more comfortable within the area. Further, different training
videos are also suggested in order to deal with difficult disorder as well as problem. Therefore,
by following the action plan, in regular time frame will help the children to improve their speech
and language.
In addition to this, government of UK also provide effective tools in order to reduce the
time for diagnose this neurological disease among children. Further, government also improving
the coordinated care with suitable balance in order to provide effective care. For example, in UK
there are different care centres and professionals who use telemedicine in order to improve the
medical care services, so that patients or children may take advantages for the same. Moreover,
the government also make sure that the country continues the work with UK National Screening
committee to make sure that they provide best care and also keep proposed in their existing
programs as well. Thus, it reflect that the government takes steps in order to reduce the amount
of children who are suffering from neurological disorder and also provide the best treatment as
well.
CONCLUSION
By summing up above report, it has been concluded that in UK there are different
children who are suffer from the neurological disorder and for them, there is a need to develop or
take initiatives so that it will be help to reduce the number of deaths. On the other side,
government also take steps to minimize the issue and also creates awareness among people as
well. For that specially therapy Is designed that helps to reduce the stammering among children.
Moreover, it is also concluded that there are parents even hire Speech language pathologist in
order to serve children with best care. Further, report also highlights that in order to improve the
disorder, National Advisory Committee for Neurological Conditions so that it will help to reflect
the need to amend in the existing law. Lastly, the report also conclude that there are special
schools are established in order to treat the students in better way and for that nurses and teachers
also trained so that they will be provide best quality of services. Lastly, report also concluded
that professionals are hire so they provide training session in order to make the nurse and
teachers aware about how to treat with disorder people. An example of psycholinguistic is the
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study that is related with how particular words are represented traumatic situations or events for
particular people.
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Online
Key facts of UK related to Neurological disorder. 2018. [Online]. Available through:
<https://www.england.nhs.uk/ourwork/clinical-policy/ltc/our-work-on-long-term-
conditions/neurological/>.
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