Care Plan: Assessment and Models of Care for Schizophrenia/Psychosis

This report details a comprehensive care plan for a 52-year-old female patient, Sharon, diagnosed with schizophrenia and psychosis, alongside type 2 diabetes and a history of substance misuse. The introduction emphasizes the importance of individualized care plans in guiding patient treatment, highlighting the integration of communication and effective analysis of health issues. The assessment section outlines the importance of engaging with the patient, including gathering medical history, addressing substance abuse, and utilizing effective communication to build empathy and understanding. It also discusses various assessment methods, including observation and the application of the Mental Health Act 2008. The models of care section explores the stress and vulnerability model, the medical model, the strength-based model, and models of therapeutic intervention, emphasizing how each approach can be utilized to improve the patient's health outcomes. The conclusion summarizes the significance of ethical conduct and patient-centered care. The report references various books and journals to support the discussed concepts and methodologies. This assignment is contributed by a student and is available on Desklib, a platform providing AI-based study tools for students.

CARE PLAN

Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
ASSESSEMENT.............................................................................................................................3
MODELS OF CARE.......................................................................................................................4
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................6
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................7

INTRODUCTION
Care plans provide direction for individualized care of the client. A care plan flows from
each patient’s unique list of diagnoses and should be organized by the individual’s specific
needs. It includes uninterrupted flow of communication from nurses to patients so that health
issues which are being faced by service users can be effectively analyzed and significant actions
are being taken in order to improve health outcome of patient. Present study is based on case
study where Sharon a 52-year-old lady is suffering from schizophrenia and Psychosis. This care
plan is better than other as it consists of coordination measure mapping tool.
ASSESSEMENT
In order to improve health outcome of Sharon various assessment will be done by me as
registered mental health nurse. Assessment includes following:
Engaging with patient: As per the view of Farrelly and et.al., (2016) first and Foremost,
step in care plan will include engaging with patient. Registered mental health nurse must be
involved in service user in order to know about their medical history. It has been analysed from
case study that Sharon is suffering from schizophrenia and Psychosis. She is also facing problem
of type 2 diabetes with a Body Mass Index of 27. Patient also had a history of substance misuse
and often take cannabis. Mental health nurses need to be fully engaged with service user as poor
engagement may lead to worse clinical outcomes making service user weaker. In order to
understand patient’s problem properly nurses need to be involved in doing effective
communication. Nurses needs to treat service users with empathy and listen to their problems
carefully.
In accordance with Townsend and Morgan, (2017) Schizophrenia is a chronic mental illness
which affects how a person think feels and behave. Engaging with patients means that nurses
needs to provide Sharon with specific intervention. Psychological treatment like individual
therapy can be given. This therapy will assist patient in normalising their patterns and also they
will be able to cope up with stress. Nurses by effective communication can help Sharon in
identifying early signs and symptoms of problem. It has also been analysed from case study that
patient has a history of substance abuse, so she needs to be treated with more acute and chronic
care. Nurses must motivate patients to share about their feelings and experiences in order to
enhance their health outcome. From the case study it has also been analysed that Sharon is
suffering from Psychosis. In this disease patients feel about the things which does not exist in

real. Nurses must be engaged in motivating service users to enhance their own health outcome.
In case of Sharon I will make her understand about the ill effects of taking cannabis on her
health. Patients must be encouraged to share their problems because of which they are anxious.
This can assist them in enhancing health outcome of service users. Evidence based care needs to
be used by mental health nurses so that holistic care can be provided to service users. It is nurses
role and responsibility to provide service users with cognitive behavioural therapy.
Methods of assessment: Psychiatric illnesses such as schizophrenia are heterogeneous
disorders associated with chronic or recurrent disabling. Various methods can be used by
registered mental health nurses to handle this disease (Grundy and et.al., (2016). Care workers
can be involved in analysing signs and symptoms related to disease. Mental health assessment
can also be done by keeping a check on patient’s medical history. They need to make use of
psychological interventions by noting down distress and behaviour in response to auditory
hallucinations. Holistic approach can also be used by mental health nurses in order to record the
changes in pattern of behaviour performed by Sharon. Also nurses need to communicate
effectively with family members of patient so both of them can work collaboratively which
enhances health outcome of service user.
Observation: Mental Capacity means ability to make one’s own decision. Sharon was
unable to make her own decision as she was suffering from Psychosis. According to mental
health act, 2008 patients suffering from mental health disorder needs to be treated on urgent
basis. According to this act no person can be detained for treatment without his or her
consideration. So care must be provided based on this act.
MODELS OF CARE
Stress and vulnerability model: registered mental health nurses can be engaged in making
use of various model so that they can improve health conditions of service users. This model is
one of the most used approach in order to identify and evaluate treatment demands of patient
suffering from psychosis. In this as a care provider I will be engaged in working towards
reducing stress of Sharon as she might be tensed because of going through substance abuse.
Stress can also be because of consumption of cannabis. These are the elements of Stress in
Sharon, care provider has responsibility to reduce effect of these symptoms and enhance course
of their co-occurring disorders. Using alcohol or drugs can increase a person's pre-existing
biological vulnerability to a psychiatric disorder. It has been analysed that stress can force

individual to act more vulnerable because of which they are at higher risk to consume drugs, this
can make health condition of Sharon more worsening. Registered nurse has responsibility to
provide Sharon with all coping skills like for example skills require to manage depression and
anxiety. Relaxation skills can also be taught in order to reduce tension of service users. This will
assist Registered mental health nurse in saving Sharon from worsening symptoms of Psychosis.
Providing social support to patient can also assist care provider in reducing social vulnerability.
Medical Model: This model provides that diseases and illness can be recognised through a
well-defined systematic process of observation, description and differentiation. As Sharon is
suffering from type 2 diabetes and also from obesity it is my duty as care provider to send patient
for various tests and examinations. This will help registered mental health nurse in identifying
exact problem clearly. After detecting the disease midwives can be involved in providing person-
centred care to Sharon. Care providers can also motivate patients to consumes all those
medications provided by health care professionals to them. This can help patient in improvising
their health outcome.
Strength based model: This model is based on principle that involves that individuals
going through mental health problem can recover, reclaim and transfer their lives. All they need
is social support and palliative care. Like in case of Sharon who is suffering from Psychosis
registered mental health nurse can provide her support to identify her interest, abilities and
competencies. This can help Sharon in improvising her quality of life. This enables service users
to know about that every person has a unique set of strength and abilities that can assist them in
overcoming problem of mental illness. As a care provider I will be engaged in making service
user believe that they have capability to recover. Also Holistic care will be provided by
midwives so that health outcome of patient can be enhanced as early as possible. The strength
based model can be seen to fit well with contemporary notions of recovery for people with
enduring mental health problems.
Models of therapeutic intervention: In this model efforts are being made by mental health
nurse to enhance well-being of patients who is in need. In case of Sharon I will be engaged in
analysing problems and issues faced by patient. Evidence based intervention is being needed to
be given. In this approach multi-disciplinary team can also be added who can be involved in
enhancing health outcome of Sharon. Most common symptom of Schizophrenia includes hearing

or seeing things which does not exists. In therapeutic intervention care providers focuses on early
detection of illness so that better cure can be provided to patient.
CONCLUSION
From the above study it has been summarized that registered nurse who are engaged in
treating patients must follow ethical code of conduct. They should not be involved in hampering
belief and values of patient because of which they get stressed.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Farrelly, S., Lester, H., Rose, D., Birchwood, M., Marshall, M., Waheed, W., ... & Thornicroft,
G. (2016). Barriers to shared decision making in mental health care: qualitative study of
the Joint Crisis Plan for psychosis. Health Expectations.19(2). 448-458.
Townsend, M. C., & Morgan, K. I. (2017). Psychiatric mental health nursing: Concepts of care
in evidence-based practice. FA Davis.
Grundy, A. C., Bee, P., Meade, O., Callaghan, P., Beatty, S., Olleveant, N., & Lovell, K. (2016).
Bringing meaning to user involvement in mental health care planning: a qualitative
exploration of service user perspectives. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health
Nursing. 23(1). 12-21.

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