University Assignment: SLA Theories' Impact on ELT Practices

This essay provides a theoretical analysis of how Second Language Acquisition (SLA) theories impact English Language Teaching (ELT) practices. It examines two prominent theories: Cognitivism and Behaviorism, focusing on their influence on classroom strategies and learning processes. The essay discusses the requirements of different language theories to expand the scope of ELT, analyzing the learning strategies consolidated by educators. It delves into the roles of motivation, age, and identity in language acquisition, comparing the approaches of Behaviorism, which emphasizes stimulus-response, and Cognitivism, which focuses on cognitive processes. The discussion also addresses the limitations of Behaviorism and highlights the integration of both theories in modern classrooms to enhance learning outcomes. The paper references different theories and methodologies used in the learning and teaching of English, and concludes with a discussion of the implications of these theories for effective language instruction.

Running head: contributions of second language theory
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A Theoretical Analysis of two Classroom Practices in English Language Teaching
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Contributions of second language theory 1
Table of Contents
Introduction......................................................................................................................................2
Discussion........................................................................................................................................3
Conclusion.......................................................................................................................................8
References........................................................................................................................................9

Contributions of second language theory 2
Introduction
There are different learning strategies consolidated by educators during the classroom
practice for learning English language. This essay will measure different manners by which
Second Language Acquisition (SLA) impacts both teaching and learning process of English
language. This essay expects to distinguish the requirements of different language theories for
expanding the scope of English Learning and Teaching (ELT). The essay will analyse and
compare two distinct theories connected with Second Language Acquisition (SLA), for example,
Cognitivism and Behaviorism (Brown & Abeywickrama, 2015). These two theories focus on the
advancement of the learning strategy consolidated during the time spent for teaching English. It
will give a short depiction about the assortments of practices that empower learning in social and
in addition in instructive setting.
There are a few theories for assisting the educators to choose a specific method in the
learning procedure that the learner can adopt. As indicated by Tyagi (2010), the students need to
adjust to the techniques embraced by the instructor keeping in mind the end goal to line up with
the target of the learning methodology and utilize it to make it basic and speedy to make it more
compelling and utilize it in another circumstance. Students can regulate learning with the
assistance of variables like motivation, age and identity which influence their psychological
structure. The conduct of the student's boosts which let them to react adversely or emphatically.
In this manner, it can be seen that the conduct of the understudy impacts the learning procedure.
In any case, the nature of the learning result isn't affected by the way that the student is fast or
inactive (Shonfeld & Ronen, 2015). Language as talked about above did not depend on theories
and henceforth one might say that it depends on the connection between a sound of a word and

Contributions of second language theory 3
its recognition and significance of the same to a person. Besides that, there is the impersonation
of the pronunciation of a specific word and after that there are details like punctuation and
sentence making structure that are utilized to make an important communication.
Discussion
During the time of learning in a second languages classroom is given by the instructor
and the understudy to the learner. It is critical for the educator to build up the devices and
instruments of which would assist the student with understanding the language in an English
language class. The sessions and the exercises that are held in the class ought to be lined up with
the conduct and cognitive methodologies. This will assist the student with grasping the language
better and learn details in the stipulated time (Cave, 2010). English classes assume a critical part
during the time spent learning and in this way these ought to be arranged by the educator in a
way that is powerful. For instance as the teacher would not talk in some other language to
enhance the familiarity. In verbal communication the procedure of language familiarity is
fundamental to abstain from misconception and miscommunication. Identity has an immediate
and backhanded effect on learning experience. McCrae and Costa’s five-factor demonstrate if
identity quality can be depicted as Appropriateness that includes sympathy unobtrusiveness,
trustworthiness, timeliness, mindfulness and exhaustiveness. Neuroticism individuals are more
inclined to negative feelings like awful state of mind, antagonistic vibe and outrage, pushed and
adore experience. However, receptiveness to encounter thinks about individuals with higher
towards excellence, free in judgment, workmanship as well as inquisitive either customary or
preservationist. Age influences the procedure of English learning which progressively to learning
is disturbed while impartial children consume the ability to accomplish the local emphasize of
English language in grown-ups to adjust the local complement. Thus, the small aged children

Contributions of second language theory 4
partake advanced opportunities to accomplish more elevated amounts of learning (Cave, 2010).
Although, the way toward learning second language isn't each time influenced by age. Besides
identity and age issue, inspiration is an imperative calculate that aids following the investigation
language issues of English. Since the initial circumstances it is employed aimed at the students to
accomplish their rationale. It is discovered that people with gigantic capacities and absence of
motivation it isn't conceivable to accomplish long haul objectives and great learning result.
Motivation is indicated as the longing of a person to learn. Motivation gives essential goal to
singular student to start and manage the long and successful learning process. A theory that
measures that the language skills might be seen after the response given by the student to react
by behaviourism theory. The reaction can be negative or positive shape to any given condition.
(Ross, 2014).
Cognitive improvement of a man is the manner by which he or she can process data and
assumes a vital part during the time spent language learning. On account of behaviorism,
organizing practice sessions to focus on the boosts and give assortment of prompts which will
create the coveted reactions while in cognitive the educator needs to comprehend the
understudy's psychological circumstance that certainly have diverse encounters. The learning of
these reactions will impact learning results that are for the most part utilized and are viable to
give criticism to make new data more powerful and helpful (Ross, 2014).
There various constraints have been appeared in the Behaviorism theory. Behaviorism continues
applying an effect over conduct organization frameworks in the present schools. In this manner,
it has similarly been reproved for its limitations. A segment of these responses get from the
mixed up usage of the approach, for example, recommend that behaviourist approaches to
manage overseeing troublesome conduct, for instance, unequivocal prepare are consistently

Contributions of second language theory 5
mishandled basically as educators much of the time ignore the approval parts and move straight
to the orders. In that limit, horrible conduct is being invigorated through the negative thought the
students get and incredible conduct isn't being reinforced (Watson, 2015). Diverse responses
focus on the imprisonments of the approach itself. behaviourist approaches to manage conduct
organization don't work comparably with all students, and they particularly don't work for the
people who may believe that it's difficult to fit in with the conduct solicitations of the getting the
hang of setting in perspective of reasons, for instance, social differences, learning challenges,
and their energetic state. Thusly, it is battled that conduct organization ought to receive an all the
more comprehensive technique and should consider the tyke's intriguing individual situation,
their developmental level, social and social establishment and personality and characteristics
rather than focusing on rigid models of 'agreeable' and 'unsuitable' conduct. This point of view of
individuals does not consider the complex thought of human learning, and in focusing on simply
the perceivable conduct, the student's insight and thinking frames are disregarded. All things
considered, the student learns not to regard learning and extraordinary conduct for its own
particular reason, anyway for the unessential prizes they get for acting commendably and
completing the endeavours the teacher gives them (Watson, 2015). The student does not
transform into a self-convinced student, yet rather is reliant on the support and course of the
teacher. The Cognitivism theory characterizes the huge quality arrangement that has gathered the
broad measures of enthusiasts and has come prevalent system for activity through some
examiner. Cognitivism approach endeavored for looking finds and inside how mind unravels
helps. It is colossally useful for the students who might trick their psyche and advance their
direct (Easterlin, 2012). The Cognitivism theory isn't just important to adjust about the reasoning
way. Along these lines, it' is phenomenally strong in choice students development their conduct.

Contributions of second language theory 6
Along these lines, it could without more expand coordinates with different methodologies for
managing make the conduct that would acknowledge positive result. Furthermore, Psychological
social conduct, for example, it is consolidate singular approach and in addition social
methodologies and tries for overhauling incorrectly judicious methodology to convey great
exercises. In addition, this is fitted to common sense toward those has fears, uneasiness issues,
over the top imprudent issue and post-repulsive weight issue (Easterlin, 2012).
The two theories hold a qualified place in the mental ways to deal with language and
offer distinctive language learning techniques. The distinction in techniques can't roll out any
further improvements in the execution of these strategies. There are assortments of educators
with recognized routine with regards to strategies and mental points of view. These distinctions
in mental points of view of the instructors enable them to utilize diverse techniques in their
teaching procedure. In basic words, distinctive instructors may utilize diverse strategies in
teaching fitting to their comprehension to assist the students with understanding and watch better
learning. It can likewise be expected that with times the improvements in the theories are
additionally a reason which influences the execution of the techniques to fluctuate. Suggesting
elective techniques in teaching unquestionably make the educators conflicting yet few out of
every odd time. For instance, a few instructors may discover simpler to stick to one technique all
through the teaching procedure and others may adjust to a few sort of teaching strategies with
time. In the present classroom, educators can consolidate the two theories for the learning result
as more viable and productive.
In the field of learning theories, there are different applies and techniques that help the teaching
and learning of English. The elements, for example, topic goals, sequencing and materials are
joined to frame a superior effect on the groups of onlookers in a tremendous social and

Contributions of second language theory 7
instructive settings. There are assortments of gadgets, activities, and exercises to help the
learning procedure (Jacob, 2009). Cognitive learning process incorporates significant learning to
lead better long haul maintenance on the psyche of the students. Much of the time, the inborn
motivation that originates from inside the student assumes a noteworthy part to intense learning.
The time and learning procedures that the students put is additionally incorporated into cognitive
standards.
A portion of the average procedures for behaviorism utilized by educators are reiteration,
remembrance, bore, perusing appreciation and gathering errand are a decent decide that can be
connected to boost entire learning procedure. Assignment based verbal learning uplifts to partake
in the undertaking that can determine own importance rather which relying upon the implications
assumed by teachers and adults. In this manner, undertaking can be accomplished separately, in
match or in gatherings. Coordinate strategies are likewise used to assist understudies with
learning to impart in the objective language with the reasoning level of the understudy
influencing the learning result (Steve, 2016). Classroom set up incorporates part inversions,
pretend, representation, recreations, shows play and gathering attempts to upgrade the learning
and teaching process. As indicated by open language teaching, the syllabus of the way of life
content must be indistinguishable to the way of life of students and the objective language clients
with including the critical thinking, connection and arranging ahead of time.
Conclusion
As a result of above discussion, it might be presumed that behaviorism and cognitive
both theories have a huge contribution in the act of English learning and teaching to upgrade the
learning techniques of a children. A wide assortment of strategies can be utilized while in the

Contributions of second language theory 8
learning procedure, for example, reiteration drills, pretend, assignment based learning
representation, and perusing cognizances would altogether be able to be actualized in the
learning procedure to influence the students to react decidedly(Nash, 2010). SLA contributes
altogether to the quality and the proficiency of learning process as it will enable the educator to
focus around the qualities and shortcoming of the understudy to build up the educational
modules.

Contributions of second language theory 9
References
Brown, H., & Abeywickrama, P. (2015). Language assessment. UK: SEGA.
Cave, S. (2010). Practising modern foreign languages in the primary classroom. [England]:
Andrews UK Ltd.
Easterlin, N. (2012). A biocultural approach to literary theory and interpretation. Baltimore,
Md.: Johns Hopkins University Press.
Jacob, E. (2009). Cooperative learning in context. Albany, N.Y.: State University of New York
Press.
Nash, S. (2010). Moodle 1.9 Teaching Techniques. Birmingham: Packt Pub.
Ross, B. (2014). Psychology of Learning and Motivation. USA: Diamond publication.
Shonfeld, M., & Ronen, I. (2015). Online Learning for Students from Diverse Backgrounds:
Learning Disability Students, Excellent Students and Average Students. IAFOR Journal Of
Education, 3(2). doi: 10.22492/ije.3.2.01
Steve, W. (2016). Handbook of learning and cognitive processes. [Place of publication not
identified]: Psychology Press.
Tyagi, K. (2010). The development of teaching learning process. Jaipur, India: ABD Publishers.
Watson, J. (2015). Behaviorism. USA: APS.