Exploring Self-Efficacy: Mastery, Vicarious Experience, and Motivation

This essay delves into the concept of self-efficacy, defined as an individual's belief in their ability to succeed in specific situations or accomplish a task. It highlights the significance of self-efficacy in shaping behavior, motivation, and cognitive processes. The essay further explores two key sources of self-efficacy: mastery experience and vicarious experience. Mastery experience, gained through successfully completing tasks, builds confidence and encourages individuals to tackle future challenges. Vicarious experience, derived from observing others succeed, provides inspiration and motivation. The essay emphasizes the importance of both types of experiences in fostering a strong sense of self-efficacy, which ultimately contributes to personal and professional growth and improved well-being. The references provides a list of research papers to support the concepts.

EXTRA WRITTEN ACTIVITY
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Table of Contents
Self-efficacy.....................................................................................................................................3
Mastery experience......................................................................................................................3
Vicarious experience...................................................................................................................4
References........................................................................................................................................5
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Self-efficacy
It is a belief in the humans regarding their abilities and capabilities to perform till to standard
level which creates effects on events and lives. It provides a belief in people which determines
feel, thinks, a motivation which controls their behaviour. It enables people to accomplish a work
by improving own capabilities and motivational aspect. It is the most significant thing to have in
the personality of a person which improves their working capabilities and also criteria to cover
up by their activities (Caprara, et. al., 2012). It generates a self-motivation and positivity in
people regarding work which finally impacts on their task. Enhancement of the working
capabilities supports to convert efforts into outcomes which improve living standards.
Development of self-efficacy improves people attainment and individual well-being. A person
who contains higher assurance regarding their abilities approaches to measure tasks a challenge
for them to accomplish it rather avoid them which is a personal threat. It improves personal
interest of a person to accomplish challenges and eliminates the threat of avoidance of
challenges.
Belief to accomplish a work creates diverse effects through four major processes which are
cognitive, motivational, selection and effective. The cognitive process delivers effect of self-
efficacy in different forms on the person. It develops human behaviours according to the goals
and targets to attain them by self-appraisal of abilities to perform against the targets. The
motivational process encourages the person to attain determined goals by improving self-
capabilities (Caprara, et. al., 2012). It develops a mindset of people to achieve targets by
enhancing capabilities positively and willingly. The effective process delivers the effect on the
mindset and motivational aspect of the human. It enhances capabilities to take the stress and
improve motivation of working. Selection process supports to build a positive beneficial
environment and gives a control on the day to day activities. By the effect of self-efficacy people
intended to select the task which contains more potential to cope up their capabilities.
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Mastery experience
It is a source to improve self-efficacy of people by the experiencing things and activities which
they have done earlier. The easy success which people attain on some challenges develops
expectations to get quick results, fewer efforts in acts and discourage the threat of failure. It is
essential for a human to invest their higher efforts in a task to be successful to accomplish them.
It develops mastery in them to pursue a task or activity to accomplish and also to develop
creative thinking and ideas to get involved in them to accomplish. According to Kim, et. al.,
(2017) motivational aspects lead to the performance of people which is relevant to the mastery
experience. Motivational factor is needed in the mastery experience to accomplish a challenge.
According to Busse and Walter, (2013), the motivational level is decreased by the starting time
to end time of an activity. It is essential for people to keep their motivation to attain their goals
and gain mastery experience.
Vicarious experience
Strengthening of self-efficacy is based on the vicarious experience which comes from the social
model. Observation of the successful person by their efforts and motivational level develops a
vicarious experience in humans to being involved in challenges in their personal and professional
life to accomplish them. It motivates them to enhance their capabilities to attain the targeted
success. It delivers inspiration and motivation to the people to improve their working, thinking
and involvement capabilities in the task of their personal and professional life. According to the
Nayir, (2017), the mastery-oriented study is effective to provide the students which are relevant
to the vicarious experience. Mastery can be developed by providing motivation to being involved
in a task by which people can develop their ideas to become successful. According to Stewart,
et. al., (2016), procrastination tendency decrease the performance of students. It is significant to
provide vicarious experience to people to being motivated by which procrastination can be
eliminated in the tendency.
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References
 Busse, V., & Walter, C. (2013). Foreign language learning motivation in higher
education: A longitudinal study of motivational changes and their causes. The Modern
Language Journal, 97(2), 435-456.
 Caprara, G. V., Alessandri, G., & Eisenberg, N. (2012). Prosociality: The contribution of
traits, values, and self-efficacy beliefs. Journal of personality and social psychology, 102(6),
1289.
 Kim, C., Park, S. W., Huynh, N., & Schuermann, R. T. (2017). University students’
motivation, engagement and performance in a large lecture-format general education
course. Journal of Further and Higher Education, 41(2), 201-214.
 Nayir, F. (2017). The Relationship between Student Motivation and Class Engagement
Levels. Eurasian Journal of Educational Research (EJER), (71).
 Stewart, M., Stott, T., & Nuttall, A. M. (2016). Study goals and procrastination
tendencies at different stages of the undergraduate degree. Studies in Higher
Education, 41(11), 2028-2043.
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