Self-Management Approaches for Performance in UK Retail Industry

This dissertation investigates the effectiveness of self-management approaches in enhancing organizational performance within the UK retail industry. It addresses the research problem of managing employee performance through self-management, exploring its benefits, challenges, and effective implementation strategies. The study uses a theoretical framework to define self-management in the context of UK retail, examining its advantages such as improved employee engagement and productivity. It also identifies potential challenges faced by the industry without self-management and suggests ways to overcome these hurdles. The research methodology involves data analysis and interpretation to draw conclusions and provide recommendations for improving self-management practices in the UK retail sector.

Dissertation
(To identify the extent of effectiveness existed within
self-management approaches for managing
organisational performance: A study on Retail
industry of UK)

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................................................3
Statement of the research problem ........................................................................................4
Aim.........................................................................................................................................4
Main questions........................................................................................................................4
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK...................................................................................................6
What is the self-management in context to UK retail industry? ...........................................6
What are the benefits of self-management theories and approaches within UK retail industry?
................................................................................................................................................7
Benefits of self-management theories and approaches within UK retail industry...............11
Challenges that would be faced by UK retail industry without having self-management
approach...............................................................................................................................12
Effective ways for overcoming those challenges that associated with self-management
approach for UK retail industry............................................................................................13
Conclusion ...........................................................................................................................15
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ..................................................................................................16
DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION...........................................................................21
CONCLUSION .............................................................................................................................32
RECOMMENDATION ................................................................................................................33
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................35
APPENDIX ...................................................................................................................................37
Questionnaire........................................................................................................................37

INTRODUCTION
Self-management is defined as the ability of an individual to manage their behaviour and
thoughts so that emotions and consent can be obtained in productive manner. Self-management
is regarded as one of the significant model which is used by organisation in order to manage their
employees and to exhibit responsibilities among employees. In current time organisation focuses
on managing their employees in such a manner that their skills can be used within business. This
is necessary to determine effectiveness of self-management approaches so that to develop
contribution of employees and to encourage their voices and opinions. Besides this companies of
current era are trying to encourage their employees in such a way that voices and suggestions of
employees can be valued so that overall business efficiency can be utilised within organisation so
that to attain research objectives (Jackson and Wilton, 2016). The efficiency of self-management
approaches within an organisation helps the organisation to develop their performance along
with individual performance as well. Self-management approaches help the organisation to
enhance their growth opportunities and to gain employees focus in order to complete specific
tasks and to exert appropriate plan as well. This research report is related with analysing
effectiveness of self-management approaches within an organisation for the sole objectives of
managing employees. Through having self-management skills, people can regulate and control
their feelings, through and action. It is important for UK retail industry to focus on improving the
self-management skills of employees so that they can contribute their best efforts in
accomplishing the task and objective of retail industry. The few self-management skills which is
required in employees are positivity, self-awareness, stress management, responsibility and
productivity. The retail industry has to create self-management strategies so that they can build
staff independence and ability to engage in self-evaluation, self-reinforcement and self-
evaluation. There are different types of self-management which must be focused by retail
industry they are stress management, organising skills, time management, problem solving skill,
decision making skill and self-protection. Retail industry can gain various benefit by having self-
managed team as they improve the productivity of business due to which the brand image and
reputation of company increases. Employees having elf management skills also helps in
developing relationship with co-workers (Rai, 2017). In order to make business successful, it is
important for retail industry to encourage their staff to build strong relations with their colleagues
so that they can collectively work together in order to achieve competitive advantage. Self-

management skills help in improving the mental as well as physical health of employees due to
which they can contribute their productive outcome with creative mind set. Retail industry must
focus on hiring self-managed team so that they can remain focused on business outcomes and
also reduce the conflict internally. It is important for retail industry to reduce the conflicts within
organisation so that employees get positive working environment and they can work with
dedication. If in business there is self-managed team they can retain knowledge in business and
accomplish their work with creative and innovative ways. By having self-management skills,
staff can share their ideas, views and also take active participation in the business activities. Self-
managing teams are mainly considered as self-directed work teams so that they can reduce the
need for management and also facilitate cost control. They manage their own time keeping,
productivity and scheduling. The self-managed team is designed to increase the productivity,
attract young people, offer flexibility and foster creativity.
Statement of the research problem
In the current time this is being analysed that using of self-management approaches by an
organisation is necessary so that to manage employees and to develop their skills in appropriate
manner. The major problem within the organisation is to manage their performance through
using self-management approaches so that to manage their skills and capabilities. The other
reason of managing this investigation is to gain in-depth analysis regarding self-management
approaches to be used in the business as for this topic there are not so much researches which are
being executed in past. So this research is going to provide relevant and appropriate data and
information related with the topic.
Aim
Main aim of this research is “To identify the extent of effectiveness existed within self-
management approaches for managing organisational performance: A study on Retail industry of
UK
Main questions
How do self-management approaches can improve the organizational performance in
retailing?
Sub Questions
 What is the self-management in context to UK retail industry?

 What are the theories and approaches of self-management used by UK retail industry for
managing their employees?
 What are the benefits of self-management theories and approaches within UK retail
industry?
 What are the challenges that would be faced by UK retail industry without having self-
management approach?
 What are the effective ways for overcoming those challenges that associated with self-
management approach for UK retail industry?
Research rationale
The major objective of this investigation is to examine effectiveness of self-management
approaches which are used within an organisation for the major purpose of organising and
managing of employees within an organisation. Apart from this, the research will also analyse
how self-management helps in improving the overall performance of the organization. This
research is having significance for various stakeholders such as organisation, customers,
researcher, industry and suppliers. For the company and overall industry this research is going to
assist in order to enhance overall knowledge so that in future time self-management approaches
can be used by the businesses in order to develop business performance and to organise their
employees in such a way that business benefits can be rendered. The research is focused on
concepts of self-management concepts in context of businesses and different organisations. The
investigation is associated with carrying out research in most effective manner so that various
activities are used such as data collection, research methodologies and many more. Basically
there are two perspectives which are related with the research such as personal and professional
perspective. In the terms of personal aspects, I have rendered my emphasis on enhancing my
knowledge in the topic of self-management concepts so that this would be helpful in developing
my personality. Besides this in context of professional perspective this research is going to
enhance my knowledge in relation to self-management approaches and which will be helpful for
me to gain information related to various theories. This is regarding developing my professional
career which would be helpful for me to manage employees in effective manner.

THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
Literature review is referred as section that hold major piece of information about the
whole study. This chapter collects secondary information from sources such as books, articles,
journals, newspapers etc. In simpler words, it is a scholarly paper that collects secondary
information about the whole topic of the study.
What is the self-management in context to UK retail industry?
Self-management in organisations and companies is no longer a mystery and now it is
being discussed among employees. Self-management is referred as the certain set of
organisational practices that is focussed towards distributing authority, providing clear
information about responsibilities and maximum power to every member of the company. In the
present scenario in most of the companies, employees do not need to report to their supervisors
on continuous basis (Messum and et. al., 2016). Now, organisations have made agreements and
rules collectively that employees need to manage their work and responsibilities by own. These
are the agreements and rules that facilitate in forming an organisational structure which clearly
mentions that there is no requirement to have the same authority and decision-making power.
This structure basically clears out how it is completed and prevents relationship between boss
and subordinates. An organisation uses self-management practices to experience certain
advantages so that they can improve their productivity and performance. One of the biggest
advantages related to self management is better performance as it is identified that companies
that use traditional methods such as boss-subordinate relationship do not gain more profits or
benefits. The companies that use self management could easily improve their employee and
subordinate relationship. Another advantage is more engagement when company uses is more
engagement. Self management is an ability of an individual to regulate thoughts, emotions and
behaviour in different situations. In order to run the business in effective and smooth manner, it
is important for UK retailers to develop self managed teams as they take leadership over task and
also provide their specialised knowledge to improve the growth of industry (Baruh and Popescu,
2017). If retail industry has self managed team they can contribute better working environment
for co-workers. There are few skills of self management which must be developed among the
staff of retail industry, employees must manage their commitments and skills, build and nurture
their personal network and cultivate the motivation and capabilities to learn new things. When

retail industry have well trained, well experienced and well educated people who posses self
management than they may be able to manage in better way and also remain motivated while
working. Through having self management skills among staff, the productivity and profitability
of business gets increased as they mainly focus on improving workplace performance. It is
important for retail industry to improve the self management skills of their employees as it helps
in increasing their employability and also manage their career path. Self management also helps
in improving the leadership among employees by enhancing their ability to manage priorities,
decision making capacity and time. There are few components of self management which help
retail industry to gain success such as motivation, learning style and strategies, time
management, physical environment and social environment performance. When employees have
self managed skills they show their reliability and also contribute their productive outcomes. If
UK retail industry has employees with self management skills then they can gain few benefits
such as it helps in bringing innovation, increase the productivity and also make effective
decision. UK retail industry must focus on increasing the self management skills among
employees by making them learn about few skills such as role clarity, goal alignment, strategic
planning, priority setting, self awareness, emotional regulation and self care. Staff must focus on
improving these skills in order to enhance their self management skills (Gorman and et. al.,
2018). It is important for retail industry to ensure that their employees must align right level of
engagement and also execute the strategy in effective manner. The team with self management
skills is not managed by superior and also they don’t depend upon the orders from team leader or
manager. The most important function of self managed team is to identify the most effective way
to accomplish the task. Self management team generally organise their worker with
collaboration, confidence, continuous development, respect, motivation and responsibility.
Employees with self managed skills generally work with their co-workers collectively. It is the
responsibility of staff to create positive and collaborative working environment so that everyone
can share their thoughts and ideas. The self managed team must have confidence in their
capabilities and also build within their team members. Confidence in self management team
plays an important role as there are no supervisors.
What are the benefits of self-management theories and approaches within UK retail industry?
Self-management is regarded as the concept which is associated with understanding own
behaviour, thoughts and emotions in such a way that in productive way situations can be dealt

and this could result into developing the individual in terms of personality in appropriate manner.
Self-management are useful techniques which helps the individual to develop their
responsibilities in such a way that in overall manner they can render appropriate edge into
developing their personality in well defined manner (Mukerjee, 2020). There are various skills
which are developed within adopting self management approaches by an individual. Self-
management allows individual to follow plans to finish their tasks in which overall goals can be
attained. Retail industry gain various benefits through self management theories and
approaches as it helps in improving the productivity of business due to which the profitability
and growth of retail industry increases. When retail industry contributes their productive
outcomes it improves the economic growth of UK. Through having self managed team, the
profitability and growth of retail industry increases (Akhmetova, 2017). Self management plays
an integral role in making business successful as it helps to stay on track and also focus on
consistent improvement and development. It allows retail industry to stay on track and
accomplish their task in effective and efficient manner. Through having self managed team,
retail industry can complete their work with no delays and postponements. Employees having
self management skills create no hiccups and hindrances in the smooth processing of work.
Through self managed skills, employees can motivate each other to keep on improving and also
give productive result in making business successful. The self management theories and
approaches improves the morale and motivation level of staff. By improving the morale of staff
they give better result and also reduce their stress and conflict. Self-management has become
a general term for behavioural intervention and for healthful behaviour. This present the three
management tasks which are medical management, emotional management and role
management (Self-Management, 2020). There are also six self-management skills such as
resource utilisation, problem, solving, action planning, decision making and partnership. In teal
comes about via a combination of innovation and process and structure.
Self-management in teal comes through the combination of innovative process and
structures. It mainly focuses on autonomous team, no bosses or organisation chart, no job
description, distributed decision making, open information flow and conflict resolution. The
advantage of self-management is that it helps in developing better mood, health and make more
efficient workflow (Karmy and Maldonado, 2019). Through self-management skills, an
individual’s productivity gets increased due to which they perform better in organisation. Self-

management also helps in improving the relationship with co-workers so that they can
collectively work together and achieve the target. It also improves the metal and physical health
of staff sue to which their anxiety and stress get reduced. The disadvantage of self-management
is that it become difficult to transits as it requires time and energy to promote transition.
There are four theories and approaches of self- management that are used by UK retail industry
for managing their employee:
 Behavioural self-management: This approach is used when organization wants to
enhance the learning and behaviour of the employee within the workplace. this is the
process where own behaviour of the employees is been changed toward the positive
aspects. The emphasis is given on behaviour. This is that type of approach of self-
management which is important in retail sector so that they can handle customer in more
smooth way. Here organization think that self-controlling is important in the employee.
As if the employee behaviour is positive then they can solve the query of buyer in more
efficient manner. behaviour like coming on time for job, be in discipline, be very formal
while working etc.
 Self-monitoring- This theory is much more focus on monitoring the behaviour by
employees themselves. Here in this approach employee learn different techniques
through which they can evaluate themselves by their own criteria. Factors like self-
presentation, their attitude, communication skills are being evaluated in this. In this they
try to learn and understand how individual and group of people will take action or
perceive their act in more good manner (Asonitou and Vitouladiti, 2017) . it is one kind
of personality trait. This is developed in UK, so that they can present themselves in
accordance to the social surrounding and circumstance. In retail sector self-monitoring
plays an important role as they interact with different kind of people whose attitude, way
is different. This is also done with the motive of changing opinion of other toward them
in good way.
 Peer leader training program: Peer leadership is self-management training approach
where individual possess natural characteristics to act as a leader or to lead other.
Through this theory individual are trained to learn leadership quality in their own
personality. They are being trained so that they can take the responsibility to lead the

group of people. The types of training are given in this are role modelling, mentor,
counsellor etc. the retail sector in UK gives this training so that if any situation arises
then the subordinate can act in the behalf of the supervisor and can manage the
employees. They are being encouraged to take active roles and highlights the issue of the
organization working.
 Participant Recruitment and Enrolment: recruitment is the process of attracting the
participants to fill the job position and enrolment means selecting the right candidates
number of applicants and filling the job position. This approach of self-theory helps the
employee to develop the skills and knowledge of taking interviews of the employee on
behalf of the mangers. This is the most important aspect in self-management as they can
develop theories and know what an organization actually need from their employees.
So self- management theories and approach are important part of not retail sector but also needed
in every organization to enhance the productivity of the employee.
There are various theories and approaches are used within retail industry in order to
develop aspects linked with self-development. In this manner there are various benefits which
are being enjoyed by businesses and these would develop the strategies linked with gaining
advantages. This is seen that self-management is one of the significant process which is having
direct relation with personal emotion of individual and developing such measurement in which
succession opportunities can be enhanced. The industry of retail is now using various emerging
concepts linked with self-management and developing skills of individual. This is examined that
developing skills for employees would be one of the prominent reason for which retail industry
may need self-management approaches and with the help of these objectives of the business can
be attained in easy manner as employees are aligned with organisational policies and objectives
as well (Atzeni and Ness, 2018). In UK for industry of retail this is essential to develop self-
managed team so that business productivity can be enhanced and at the same time job
satisfaction can be given to employees. By implementing theories of self-management this
would be easier for retail industry that to improve overall efficiency in which performance of
staff can be boosted and at the same time better results can be obtained in terms of attaining
organisational tasks and objectives. There is another theory named self-regulation in which
various elements are included such as problem solving, self-evaluation and other. Using these

theories behaviour of individual can be controlled and at the same time emotions and thought
process can also be maximised. With the help of implementing self-determination theory
motivation of employee can be boosted and at the same tome individual can be encouraged in
order to take significant participation in business activities. Social learning theory is the another
theory which is used with retail industry as in terms of increasing learning process in such a way
that social behaviour can be managed and at the same time behaviour of others can be imitated.
Benefits of self-management theories and approaches within UK retail industry
Online retailing is developing at an amazing rate, with on-line income now accounting
for round one quarter of the whole retail marketplace. Retailers who forget about e-trade may see
their alternate lessening as customers continue to shift to ordering products online. Selling online
can dispose of the need for steeply-priced retail premises and patron-dealing with personnel,
permitting you to put money into better advertising and marketing and customer enjoy for your
e-trade web site (Gupta, Eilert and Gentry, 2020). Even if one aren't paying the fee of customer-
going through premises, one will want to consider the prices of bodily space for order fulfilment,
warehousing items, managing returns and staffing for these tasks. See pleasant online orders.
While on-line marketing can be a completely green manner of getting the proper clients for your
merchandise, it needs a beneficiant price range. This is specially real if one is competing in a
crowded quarter or for famous keywords. See pay-in line with-click and paid seek advertising
and marketing.
In UK retail industry, it is important to have self-managed teams as it improves the
productivity and also makes them satisfied with the job. The few theories of self-management
are self-regulation theory, dual process theory, self-determination theory and social learning
theory. By implementing this theory in retail industry, company can improve the efficiency and
performance of staff due to which they give better result in achieving the target. Self-regulation
theory includes the process of guiding individual behaviours, thoughts and feelings in order to
reach the goals. Self-regulation mainly includes three elements such as planning, self-evaluation
and problem solving (Williams, 2018). It involves controlling individual behaviour, thoughts and
emotions. The other theory which must be implement by retail industry is self-determination
theory as it motivates employees to grow and also fulfil their needs.
Self-control competencies allow human beings to control and regulate their emotions,
mind and behavior efficaciously in exclusive conditions. Employees with sturdy self-control

abilties can set impartial goals and do the whole thing possible to reap them. Such employees
understand the importance of controlling emotions and behavior on the place of work. Employers
opt for candidates with sturdy self-control competencies due to the fact whilst a person unearths
it tough to govern their thoughts and emotions, they may become snapping at a customer or
announcing hurtful matters to their colleagues (Herrick and et.al., 2021). People with self-control
talents are higher at handling their behaviour, which leads to smarter administrative center
actions. Stress not simplest indicates on physical appearance however adversely affects the
manner function at place of business. With strain hampering logical wondering and rational
choice-making, it's miles vital to manipulate place of job pressure proactively. Often, personnel
under stress are incapable of reaching their goals due to the fact they constantly fear about
matters. This reduces productivity and affects intellectual fitness. Coping up with strain enables
self-manipulate your feelings. The benefit which is gained by retail industry through self
management are improved communication, increase productivity, better morale and reduce loss.
The productivity of retail industry increases when employees have self managed skills as they
focus on achieving their goals by meeting the deadlines. When staff achieve their goals in
effective time period, the profitability and productivity of retail industry increases. Retail
industry must provide training and development opportunity to employees so that they can give
productive outcomes in achieving the goal and objective of business. Staff must learn to balance
their own workload and also allow time to work with their colleagues and co-workers.
Challenges that would be faced by UK retail industry without having self-management approach
Some assume that the advent of self-control practices routinely do away with the
hierarchy from the organization. Some believe that all of sudden anyone holds identical energy
inside some sort of communistic utopia. Both assumptions are incorrect. The artificial, inflexible
and in the main dangerous hierarchy based totally at the relative role of a person inside the
traditional pyramid is changed by way of a more herbal, informal, dynamic and wholesome
hierarchy based at the understanding, competencies and leadership abilities of a person.
However, attaining this is not as easy as disposing of all control layers and shouting that the
employer is absolutely self-dealing with (Manjula, 2020). Another part of the workforce does not
want to surrender their formal role of strength or cannot unlearn their command-and-manage
mindset. Obviously, this creates frictions and problems within self-management structures. It
regularly outcomes in (traditional) humans getting pissed off and finishing up leaving the

agency. There are various challenges which can be faced by retail industry without having self
management approach as their employees may quit based on unfair results. When staff performs
well and feels that they get unfair results their motivation to stay in retail industry get decreased.
If employee doesn’t leave the industry they become disengaged and withdrawn. The fabricated
and misleading information can influence the review of retail industry due to which they might
face difficulty. Without self managing approach, retail industry may also drop the morale and
motivation level of employees due to which they give poor result. It is the responsibility of retail
industry to increase the morale and motivation level of staff so that they can give productive
outcomes in achieving the goals and objective of business. The other challenge which is faced by
UK retail industry is legal risk. The negative appraisal with no data can leads to poor
performance. When employees feels that they haven't been evaluated fairly they can tale legal
action against the industry (Sherifali and et. al, 2018). Business generally face failure to set
standards which makes process unfair. It is necessary for industry to set the standards for the
performance of employees so that they can measure their efficiency and effectiveness while
working in industry. The poor self management skills also reduce the job satisfaction and make
employees burnout. If staff feel unrecognised and unappreciated in workplace it leads to lower
performance rates and lower engagement. The retail industry must use fair and valid
performance management system so that so that they can satisfy the need of employees. It is
necessary for retail industry to to allow their employees to work on peer reviews so that they can
prepare for annual appraisal. There are few other problem, which occurs through poor self
management skills such as avoiding recognition, running bad meetings, instilling fear and
creating negative environment. These are the poor self management skills which can influence
the profitability and growth of retail industry. Retail industry must focus on organising
recognition and appreciation program for their staff in order to boost their morale and motivation
level. If they avoid recognition program, staff feel disgraceful due to which they contribute poor
performance in making business successful.
Effective ways for overcoming those challenges that associated with self-management approach
for UK retail industry
Identifying the first-class fit technology for retail virtual transformation is the key to
smoothly transitioning from the traditional means of doing the retail commercial enterprise to the
online one. Identifying the shop potential in terms of the goods and entailing functionalities that

a shop desires to comprise in its online answer is the important thing. Businesses can select from
among many options from a geared up-made e-trade template answer like woo-trade for the
smaller store potential to custom e-store functionality as given by way of Magento 2 for a larger
save with complicated operational functionalities (Pooya, Khorasani and Ghouzhdi, 2020). To
create more than one modes and channels of purchasing revel in for the customers and offer a
unbroken unified purchasing experience to the customers across all of the online platforms. The
main stumbling block that the stores face is integrating on-line shopping revel in across laptop
programs and mobile programs. Offering a trouble-unfastened shopping enjoy proper from the
primary touchpoint to the closing one is where the patron marketplace is creating a slow shift.
Ensuring a regular shopping experience throughout all of the channels is a demand every retailer
need to offer to its customers. Retailers need to pay close interest to the ever-evolving consumer
necessities and enjoy. The fast adjustments inside the patron buying patterns require shops to
invest in revolutionary technological answers like cognitive AI answers, GPS, beacon and
custom notifications to provide a actual-time on-line shopping experience and offer personalised
reductions for assisted buying. The retailers’ task is to become aware of the elements of the
commercial enterprise that may leverage the capability of the retail virtual transformation and
seamlessly integrate it with their store. In order to overcome the problem which is associated
with self-management approach it is important for the retail industry to identify the strength of
each employee so that they can use their strength and improve the performance of business.
Retail industry must focus on determining the professional task in which their staff are best and
also focus on the ways through which retail industry can maximise the abilities in these areas. By
understanding the strength of employees, retail industry can manage the career path in a way that
makes the most of skills such as customer service, technical skills, graphic design and many
others (Potgieter, 2018). Retail industry must define the responsibility to each employee so that
they can pay attention on most critical jobs and avoid distractions. It is important for retail
industry to develop effective organisational system that helps in managing time, streamline daily
activities and keep important items in priority. Retail industry must create strict deadlines so that
employees can meet the project deadline and accomplish the work in smooth and effective
manner. Through strict deadline, employees can maintain their schedule and also they can reach
to self-designated checkpoints. Retail industry must focus on maintaining the sense of calm so
that employees can think clearly and objectivity. They must considerate employees and fulfil

their needs and wants in order to make them motivated. Retail industry is responsible to give
break to employees so that they can clear their mind and look for the opportunity to do physical
activity in order to reduce the stress and anxiety while working. They must also focus on
evaluating the progress of each staff so that they can determine their performance and
contribution level in workplace (Jackson and Wilton, 2017). Through evaluating the progress of
employees, retail industry can improve the self-management skills among staff. The few self-
management skills which must be required in workplace are planning for next day before leaving
work, keep an organised agenda, outline project early, arrive at meeting on time and fully
prepared.
Conclusion
Through implementing self-determination theory, retail industry can boost the motivation
level of individuals and encourage them to participate in business activities. Retail industry can
also implement social learning theory as it helps in increasing the learning process of individual
and also them develop social behaviour so that they can observe and imitate others behaviour.
Through implementing social behaviour, an individual can gain awards and punishment on the
basis of observation (Nikhashemi and et. al., 2019). There are few principles of social learning
theory they are observation, reproduction, attention, motivation and retention. Retail industry can
improve the observation skills of individuals by making them learn to observe the behaviour of
others.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research methodology can be referred to as the process that assists in gathering
numerical information in proper and systematic way. The main motive of taking assistance of
research methodologies is to collect valid and authentic piece of information so that objectives
could be easily attained. There are different types of methodologies used in the present research
that are: research approach, research philosophy, research strategy, research choice, data
collection etc.
Research Philosophy:
Research philosophy is an important aspect of a research and can be defined as such set
of beliefs and values which are being followed within research in order to develop the research
and to align the same in realistic manner. Research philosophy is classified into three major types
such as ontology, epistemology and axiology.
Epistemology is further divided into three types such as interpretivism, positivism and
realism. Under epistemology researcher has chosen interpretivism philosophy so that to evaluate
research data in quallitative manner in order to attain overall objectives in significant manner.
Research Approach: Research approach is referred as process for evaluating
accumulated piece of information in systematic and proper way. The research approach is mainly
classified in two kinds that are: deductive and inductive approach.
 Inductive approach: Inductive approach is commonly considered by investigator when
the investigation is based upon secondary data as well as qualitative research.
 Deductive approach: Deductive approach is applicable when research is based upon
quantitative piece of information (Nayak and Singh, 2021).
From the above mentioned information, it has been determined that inductive approach is
useful within a dissertation because it facilitates researcher in theoretical data evaluation. This
research approach is helpful in developing flexibility within research so that explanation can be
developed and at the same time pattern of observation can be understood. Inductive approach is
associated with new theories which would be helpful for the research to attain its objectives.
Research design: Research design refers to the framework, techniques and methods
chosen by investigator for the procedure of collecting, evaluating and using specific type of
information (Babii, 2020). There are three types of research designs that described as below:

 Descriptive research design: Descriptive research design is referred as common
research design because it has the main purpose defining a situation,
phenomenon, population and problem.
 Exploratory research design: Exploratory design is the other kind of research
design that is used for identifying issue of the investigation when the investigator
does not have prior piece of information.
 Experimental research design: Experimental research design is defined as the
research design that defines the particular situation.
Justification of the chosen research design: From the above accumulated piece of information
it is analysed that there are different kinds of research design. Investigator has chosen
exploratory research design because it helps in conducting research by defining population and
situation. Exploratory research design helps the researcher to develop such understanding
regarding research problem in appropriate manner. This is the research in which strong
foundation is developed by researcher in context of research design and various variables which
are used within research.
Data Collection: Data collection is process of accumulating information in the manner
so that objectives could be easily achieved. Majorly data collection is categorised into two main
kinds that are: secondary and primary data collection method (Bairagi and Munot, 2019).
 Primary data collection: Primary method of data collection refers to the effective
method of accumulating piece of information. It is known as the first-hand piece of
information because it is directly gathered from the respective people for understanding
their opinions and viewpoints. Secondary data collection: Secondary data collection plays vital role in collecting
detailed data in achieving defined objectives. The research method is majorly used for
using previous studies in systematic way. Some of the different secondary sources that
are great for collecting second-hand data are: journals, books, newspapers, articles,
magazines, already filled questionnaire, already conducted survey etc.
Justification of selected data collection: As per the accumulated piece of information it is
discussed researcher has selected primary and secondary data collection to accumulate data.
Researcher has chosen primary data collection method for collecting first-hand piece of
information in the shorter period of time. For this researcher has focused on forming interview

with open-ended questions. On the other hand, secondary data collection is also used for
accumulating published piece of information. For this the secondary sources used are: books,
articles, newspapers, journals etc. With the help of primary data collection methods reliable
information can be gathered so that research results can be acquired in appropriate manner. On
the other hand with the help of secondary data methods in-depth information related with
research can be taken out so that in overall manner conclusion can be framed.
Research Choice: Research choice is described as the process through which apt piece
of information could be gathered related to topic of the research (Ragab and Arisha, 2018). For
addressing all the significant objectives of the investigation, the choice of research is categorised
into three main kinds that are: mono method, mixed method and multi-mixed method.
 Mono method: Mono method is defined as the method by which researcher gathers
information. This method has two parts that are: qualitative and quantitative.
 Mixed method: Mixed method is defined as the other kind of research choice that helps
in collecting both kind of data i.e. quantitative and qualitative. Multi-mixed method: Multi-mixed method is referred as the kind of research choice that
is very similar to the mixed method of choice.
Justification of selected research choice: As per the above gathered piece of information it is
observed that all the kinds of research choice are very great to meet defined aim and objectives.
As per the requirement of current investigation, investigator has chosen mono research choice
because the present investigation needs only one kind of information. This research choice is
used when single type of data is collected within research and in this quantitative research
methods are used.
Research Strategy: Research strategy is defined as the procedure of gathering effective
piece of information with appropriate type of strategies. It is used so that researcher could
produce the quality results as well as detailed reporting. The strategies of research guide
researcher in planning, implementing, managing and controlling the whole study (Willmott,
2020). The different kinds of research strategy are: action research, grounded theory, case study,
survey, observation, interview etc.
 Interview: Interview is known as the research strategy that helps in collecting
data in this minimum 2 persons are involved. This method helps in collecting
detailed piece of information so that objectives could be easily attained.

 Survey: Survey is the other strategy for gathering quantitative piece of
information. This helps in gathering data directly from the source so that their
views could be used for attaining defined objectives.
 Case study: This is known as the strategy that is commonly considered when
research needs to gather secondary piece of information.
 Action research: It helps in improving professional approaches and
understanding nurses, professors etc.
Justification of chosen research strategy: In the present investigation, researcher has used
interview as research strategy to collect appropriate piece of information in shorter time duration.
Interview is the greatest strategy for collecting qualitative information. With the help of
interview research strategy, researcher is able to collect appropriate data from specific number of
respondents so that accurate theoretical results can be drawn.
Sampling: Sampling is defined as the procedure that is used for selecting certain number
of respondents from the available large number of population. It is generally used for selecting
sample from the provided larger group of people (Säfsten and Gustavsson, 2020). Sampling is
categorised into two main parts that are: probability and non-probability sampling.
 Probability sampling: Probability sampling is referred as the sampling technique that
assists in offering equal chance to every member from the larger number of population.
This type of sampling uses statistical theory for choosing particular number of people
from the larger number of population. Non-probability sampling: Non-probability sampling is explained as the sampling
technique through which researcher selects the samples on the basis of subjective
judgement of an investigator.
Justification of selecting sampling: According to the above mentioned data, it is being
determined that Researcher has selected probability sampling to select certain number of
respondents. For this researcher has chosen random sampling so there is no requirement to
consider particular criteria. Under this 5 managers are undertaken in order to execute interview.
Under this probability sampling is used for the major purpose of providing equal opportunities of
getting selected is given to all the participants so that biasness can be avoided.
Time Horizon: Time horizon defines the research methodology that assists researcher in
scheduling appropriate time duration. This assists researcher to schedule every task and activity

in proper and systematic way (Hoon and Singh, 2019). Time horizon is classified into two main
parts that are: cross-sectional and longitudinal time horizon.
 Cross-sectional time horizon: Cross-sectional time horizon is referred as the type of
time horizon that assists in completing the whole investigation on real-time situation. Longitudinal time horizon: Longitudinal time horizon is defined as the time horizon
that takes longer period of time to achieve objectives and aim of the study.
Justification of the selected time horizon: As per the above types of time horizon, investigator
has selected cross-sectional time horizon so that defined aim and objectives could be attained
without taking longer time duration. With the help of cross-sectional time horizon multi-
dimensions can be added within research so that within the given time frame research can be
executed.

DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION
Data analysis is the chapter that assists in analysing assembled data in systematic manner.
In the current investigation, interview is conducted that clearly shows in-depth collection of
information. It shows that qualitative information is collected so thematic analysis is considered
by investigator for the analysis of qualitative information. The major benefit of thematic analysis
is it gives flexibility for a wide range of analytic options. On the other hand, the disadvantage is
this flexibility, sometimes lead to inconsistency.
Q.1. Do you have the knowledge about the concept of self-management?
Respondent 1: Respondent 1 has answered that they are aware about the concept of self-
management as they use this concept in order to build their skills and capabilities. The manager
has answered that it is the known as the ability of managing behaviours, emotions and thoughts
in a productive and conscious way. It simply means that they understand the personal
responsibility in various aspects of life as well as work of the company and do what require to
fulfil the responsibility.
Respondent 2: Respondent 2 has said that they are not aware about the concept of self
management. In this manner it can be concluded that self-management is regarded as the
concept which may lead an individual to develop their knowledge and aspects in which they can
manage various skills and their given tasks in significant manner.
Respondent 3: Respondent 3 has answered that these are defined as skills are those features
that assist personnel to be productive and efficient in the organisation. These are the skills such
as resisting stress, problem solving, managing time, communicating clearly, exercising and
strengthening memory. These all are considered as main example of self-management skills.
Respondent 4: Respondent 4 has said that self management is defined as the roots in emotional
intelligence theory, where this capability may also be defined to as self-regulation. It is
generally supported by the capacity for self-awareness which assists them to create conscious
access to desires, thoughts and feelings. An employee must be aware of things could start
express and control appropriately.
Respondent 5: Respondent 5 has said that self management is known as well developed self-
regulation and self-awareness are well-positioned for developing a set of management skills that
support them on their operations and personal journeys.

Q.2. As per your understanding what is self-management for you?
Respondent 1: Manager 1 has said that self-management is related with the ability in which
individual may regulate their emotions and they can deal with various perspective. The
respondent has answered that self-management is defined as the factor that helps in managing
an individual's emotions in such a manner so that one could easily control on their different
emotions.
Respondent 2: Manager 2 has said that self-management is related with the ability to manage
own thoughts so that individual may develop thoughts related with various perspectives. The
respondent has said that self management assists in managing thoughts in such a manner so that
they could think in effective and efficient manner and work on their defined goals and
objectives.
Respondent 3: Manager 3 has said that self-management is all about managing various
situations in appropriate manner so that conclusive argument can be performed. This respondent
has answered that self management assists in systematically managing situations in apt way so
that great argument could be done by the individual related to their work.
Respondent 4: Manger 4 has said that self-management is about rendering effective
communication so that a person may communicate with other in easy manner along with this
they can develop their relationship with each other. The respondent believes that
communicating with people so that could easily share their thoughts and ideas.
Respondent 5: Manager 5 has answered that self-management is about developing stress
management skills so that stress of personal or professional level can be managed by an
individual which will lead them to acquire proficiency in their decision and job.
Q.3. Is it beneficial for people to develop self-management for skill development?
Respondent 1: The selected manager 1 has said that self-management is beneficial for
individual for their skill development and in this manner individual my acquire separate in
developing personal and professional benefits.
Respondent 2: The chosen respondent 2 has said that self-management is not related with skill
development. In overall manner this can be analysed that individual is associated with the
aspect of developing skills and capabilities in such a way that they can complete various task in

appropriate manner.
Respondent 3: Respondent 3 has given answer that self management for skill development is
quite beneficial for people to develop because it helps in managing and organising each activity
in one direction. The manager believes that self management holds great significance as it
develops the skills among employees because this ensures an individual to self align them with
their objectives and goals.
Respondent 4: Respondent 4 has given answer that self-management does not hold that much
importance in skill development of the people. It believes that an individual does not need self-
management to develop because they already have certain aims and objectives that help them in
developing their skills. This does not help in self aligning activities with the goals and
objectives of own. This is said that self management is not very important in the self direction
and skill development.
Respondent 5: Respondent 5 has given answered that it is very significant for an individual
because self-management assists in developing many skills. These skills hold great importance
because it provides certain directions to individual so that their life objective and professional
objectives could be attained.
Q.4. What is the concept of self-management for people working in retail industry of UK?
Respondent 1: Respondent 1 has said that for retail industry of UK, distributing authority is
regarded as the aspect of self-management which would be helpful for them in gaining higher
employee engagement.
Respondent 2: Respondent 2 has said that the concept of self-management for retail industry
in UK is related with providing clear information regarding roles and responsibilities to
individual so that any sort of confusion can be eliminated.
Respondent 3: Respondent 3 said that the concept of self-management for retail industry in UK
is to provide Maximum power to every member of the company so that they can perform in
better way and accomplish aims and objectives of the organisation.
Respondent 4: Respondent 4 has answered that the concept of self-management for retail
industry in UK is related with developing such practices by which individual may manage their
stress level and deal with their stress in way effective manner.

Respondent 5: Participant 5 has given their answer that the concept of self-management for
retail industry in UK is related with understanding areas of improvement in which individual
may develop their way and acquire success as well.
Q.5. According to your opinion is it advantageous for organisation to use self-management
aspects within workplace?
Respondent 1: Manager 1 has answered as respondent said that this is advantageous for the
organisation to use self-management aspects within workplace.
Respondent 2: Manager 2 has said that self-management aspects are not beneficial for the
organisation to develop the business.
Respondent 3: Respondent 3 has answered that it is very advantageous for a company to
consider and use aspects of self-management within workplace. This provides great advantages
to company because an employee could align their efforts with the objectives of company as
they are very well experienced in managing their own work.
Respondent 4: Respondent 4 has said that self-management does not provide that many
advantages to the organisation because this helps in improving an individual towards the work.
So, when employee follows self management practices they focus on their own goals and
objectives and they do not give importance to the goals of the organisation.
Respondent 5: The manager 5 has said that aspects of self-management is very advantageous
for the workplace because this assists in aligning objectives of the company with an individual.
This holds great importance for the company as well as individual because every objective of
employee as well as gets achieved.
Q.6. According to your perception, what are the theories and approaches of self-
management in retail industry?
Respondent 1: Respondent 1 has said that he major theory of self-management for retail
industry in UK is related with behavioural self-management which would be helpful for
individual in developing their skills in appropriate manner.
Respondent 2: Respondent 2 who is manager has answered that self-monitoring is the theory of
stage-management which is majorly used by retail industry in order to instigate self-

management aspects within employees.
Respondent 3: Respondent 3 has given answer that peer leader training program is one of the
major approaches which can be used by retail industry as a method of self-management.
Respondent 4: Respondent 4 has given their answer that participant recruitment and enrolment
could be the most appropriate practices which can be used by retail industry so that to develop
self-management aspects in their employees.
Respondent 5: Respondent 5 has also said that self monitoring theory is also very important
theory for self management because in this theory an employee monitors all the working
effectively and efficiently. The self management theory makes an employee to monitor each
and every work by themselves so that they can take appropriate actions at right time.
Q.7. According to your experience do retail industries in UK are using such theories for
developing skills and competences of their employees?
Respondent 1: Respondents 1 has answered that with the help of using such approaches and
theories this would be easier for the organisation to develop skills and competencies of their
employees and this may lead them to cover their business objectives in prominent manner.
Respondent 2: Respondent 2 has answered that practices and approaches of self-management
does not having any relation with developing skills and competencies of employees.
Respondent 3: Respondent 3 answered that they are neutral related with such aspects and they
are not able to give their opinion in respect of self-management. This is stated that using self-
management aspects within the organisation this is easier for the business to develop skills and
competencies of their employees in which overall development of employees are seen.
Respondent 4: Respondent 4 has given answered that retail industries in the United Kingdom
are using theories to develop skills and competences of employees. Theories like leader training
program assists in developing skills of leadership among employees so that they can manage
their work as well as guide others to work hard with great efficiency and effectiveness.
Respondent 5: Respondent 5 has given answer that theory like self-monitoring holds great
significance which helps in developing skills and competences of employees as they work
continuously to make changes at right time.

Q.8. What is the benefit of self-management approaches and theories in retail industry of
UK?
Respondent 1: Respondent 1 has said that using self-management approaches and theories and
individual may improve their efficiency which is one of the greatest aspect linked with
development in personal level. This is analysed that self-management approaches and theories
are having higher impact over personal development of individual in which various skills and
aspects can be enhanced by individual.
Respondents 2: Respondent 2 has said that using self-management approaches and theories and
individual may improve their efficiency which is one of the greatest aspect linked with
development in personal level. This is stated that these theories are linked with development and
providing benefits to individual so that they can groom and acquire their skills in order to
complete various tasks which are assigned to them.
Respondent 3: Respondent 3 has said that using self-management approaches and theories
retail industry within UK may enhance performance of their staff so that working proficiency
can be inhaled and at the same time their skills and capabilities can be used in order to attain
business objectives in appropriate manner.
Respondent 4: Respondent 4 hass aid that that using self-management theories and practices
retail industry within UK may increase learning process of individual so that their employees
may learn new aspects and develop their skills which would be used by them in developing
future aspects in appropriate manner. Using such development aspect retail industry within UK
may try to reach out to their aims and objectives in such a way that opportunities for employee
engagement can be enhanced
Respondent 5: Respondent 4 has said that with the help of using self-management practices
within retail industry of UK this is would be easier for their employees to develop their skills in
such a manner that they can align their efforts with aims and objectives of the organisation.
With the help of using self-management theories and approaches the organisation may develop
focus of their employees in consistent manner.
Q.9. What would be the impact for the individual when self-management approaches are
used by them?
Respondent 1: Respondent 1 has said that using self-management approaches by individual this

would be helpful for them in improving their decision making so that they can take decision in
various situations.
Respondent 2: Respondent 2 has said that using self-management practices and approaches
individual may develop their emotions in such a way that they can control their emotions and
behave in proper manner. An individual is associated with gaining various impacts in which
individual may get benefits linked with developing skills and managerial aspects as well. This is
analysed that when individual is using such principles and approaches related with self-
management then they can analyse regarding their own behaviour through which they can
analyse areas of improvement and examine the way in which they can behave in appropriate
manner.
Respondent 3: Respondent 3 has said that by using self-management approaches and theories
an individual may acknowledge of using stress management tactics so that they can release their
stress at workplace and deal with enhanced succession opportunities. With the help of using
stress management aspects individual may perform in better way along with developing their
skills and capabilities.
Respondent 4: Respondent 4 have said that using self-management approaches and theories an
individual may enhance their communication skills due to which they can communicate with
various people without facing any difficulties. With the help of communication skills
appropriate assistance can be given and in the same manner employee may get to know
regarding their roles and responsibilities.
Respondent 5: Respondent 5 has said that by using self-management practices and theories an
individual may adopt time manageable skills so that they can finish various tasks on the given
deadlines without facing any delays. By using self-management practices and approaches an
individual can embrace the level of independence which is related with examining the aspects of
dealing with their skills and capabilities.
Q.10. What is the impact of self-management approaches on individual behaviour?
Respondent 1: Respondent 1 has said that sing self-management approaches and principles this
is easier for individual to to develop sense of responsibility so that the can handle complex
situations in easy manner. The approaches of self-management is having direct linkage with

developing their own behaviour.
Respondent 2: Respondent 2 has said that using self-management approaches and practices
individual may enhance their time management skills so that they can develop their working in
such a way that ever tiny task can be developed in easiest manner along with minimising the
opportunities for delays.
Respondent 3: Respondents 1 has said that by developing approaches of self-management
abilities of procuring resources an individual may develop their behaviour and deal with
succession opportunities. Using such practices individual can develop their skills and use such
skills in order to develop their behaviour in such a way that positive aspects can be examined
and propound by them.
Respondent 4: Respondent 4 has said that that using self-management approaches and theories
they are able to develop their abilities to deal with various scenarios in their behaviour so that
they can acquire prominence in deal with vivid scenarios.
Respondent 5: Respondent 5 has said that by using self-management approaches and practices
they have developed such reasons so now they are able to balance their personal and
professional life in easy manner so that opportunities fir succession are being rendered to them.
With the help of self-management approaches individual may develop their behaviour and
acquire prominence in personal and professional aspect.
Q.11. What are the challenges that would be faced by UK retail industry without having
self-management approach?
Respondent 1: Respondent 1 has said that the industry of retail in UK may face issues related
to quitting of employees due to they do not take participation in such activities. This is analysed
that organisation may feel issues in relation to developing such practices without having
employee engagement which is not possible in current time.
Respondent 2: Respondent 2 has said that he major challenge associated with UK retail
industry in respect of executing business practices is employee disengagement.
Respondent 3: Respondent 3 has said that the challenge faced by UK retail industry without
having self-management approach is related with dropping of their morale and motivation level
so employee do not wish to provide their efforts in the business and this may lead the

organisation to minimise their rate of progress.
Respondent 4: Respondent 4 has said that that legal risks are the major challenges that would
be faced by UK retail industry without having self-management approach and this is related
with not having appropriate reasons in which they can deal with business succession
opportunities. In this manner risks may be faced due to this retail industry may face issues
related with developing their business.
Respondent 5: Respondent 5 has said that that failure of setting standards could be the major
challenge that would be faced by UK retail industry without having self-management approach.
Setting of standards within retail industry is the major issue which may provide issues for the
industry to grow.
Q.12. What are the major strategies that can be used by retail industry for mitigating
challenges related with self-management?
Respondent 1: Respondent 1 that identifying first-class fit technology in order to cover issues
linked with self-management. With the help of this technology developmental aspects can be
provided those are linked with developing the business in such a way that this would lead into
gaining of self-management aspects.
Respondent 2: Respondent 2 that by Offering a trouble-unfastened shopping challenges related
with self-management can be mitigated by retail industry in UK. On the other hand by
providing trouble shooting experience to customers this will be easier to mitigate challenges
related with self-management as this method is related with boosting self-dependency of
customers.
Respondent 3: Respondent 3 answered that Developing effective organisational system is the
strategy that can be used by retail industry for mitigating challenges related with self-
management. Evaluating the progress of each staff is the major strategy that can be used by
retail industry in UK so that to mitigate challenges related with self-management.
Respondent 4: Respondent 4 that Fast adjustments inside the patron buying patterns is the
strategy that can be used by retail industry for mitigating challenges related with self-
management in UK. In this manner when behaviour of customers are analysed then this could
be easier to acquire prominence in developing self management approaches.

Respondent 5: Respondent 5 said that Self designated checkpoints is the major strategy that
can be used by retail industry for mitigating challenges related with self-management.
Q.13. According to your judgement with the help of using self-management approaches in
the business employee focus can be attained?
Respondent 1: Respondent 1 has said that using self-management approaches within business,
employee may get assistance in focusing on their roles so that overall targets can be attained.
Respondent 2: Respondent 2 has said that using self-management approaches this is not
possible for employee to develop such skills in which they can focus on developing working
abilities in order to complete given tasks in appropriate manner.
Respondent 3: Respondent 3 has said that self-management approaches are associated with
various aspects which are required to be undertaken so that to develop various skills of people
and to sharpen the same.
Respondent 4: Respondent 4 has said that for an organisation this is significant that to inhale
such approaches so that provide appropriate benefit in terms of managing their skills and
competencies in which overall development can be seen by employees and varied people.
Respondent 5: Respondent 5 has said that using self-management approaches this would be
helpful in developing employee focus as these strategies are related with acquiring specific edge
for individual.
Q.14. What is the impact of such challenges of self-management over individual?
Respondent 1: Respondent 1 has said that people may face hesitation in managing tasks which
could be a challenge faced by individual during self-management. In this manner when people
do not feel free to manage their tasks this will lead them into facing issues related with
executing self management practices within business.
Respondent 2: Respondent 2 has said that challenges in communication which may lead into
facing barriers in sharing thoughts with each other. For gaining higher level of satisfaction this
is requisite to develop approaches of self-management so that behaviour and skills of individual
can be maintained and at the same time professional development can also be seen.
Respondent 3: Respondent 3 has said that they may face issues in managing meetings and daily

activities if inappropriate self-management is followed by them.
Respondent 4: Respondent 4 has said that minimised employee moral could be the major issue
faced by employees due to challenges of self-management they may have impact on personal
and professional development of individual.
Respondent 5 Respondent 5 has said that impact of challenges related to self-management
could be severe as in current time this is significant for every individual that they develop such
methods and tactics by which personal development opportunities can be seen and at the same
time they can attain proper growth in their career and well-being.
Q.15. What are the recommendations that can be given to retail industry in UK in order to
develop self-management approaches?
Respondent 1: Respondent 1 has said that using employee engagement strategies retail industry
may develop self-management approaches in the organisation so that to develop their business
and to inhale higher level of success.
Respondent 2: Respondent 2 has said that bifurcating employee workload could the prominent
recommendation that would be given to retail industry of UK so that to develop self-
management approaches in their organisation. understanding needs and demands of employees
retail industry in UK may develop self-management approaches in their organisation. In this
manner it can be said that with the help of these recommendations industry of retail within UK
can develop their business and their employees in effective manner.
Respondent 3: Respondent 3 has said that understanding related with employee relations could
be the recommendation that could be used within retail industry of UK in which succession
opportunities can be inhaled.
Respondent 4: Respondent 4 has said that Using such recommendations retail industry may
develop their business and lead to gain various benefits in terms of business management and
gaining employee assistance as well.
Respondent 5: Respondent 5 has said that various aspects which are required to be undertaken
by employees and organisation, self-management is one of them which would be helpful in
long term development and gaining higher sustainable opportunities as well.

CONCLUSION
Justification of interview
In the current research, interview is conducted by investigation for collecting qualitative
information about the topic of self management. Interview was structured with the help of pre-
determined objectives and the questions were directly related with those objectives so that they
could easily help in attaining aim (Babii, 2020). These questions have helped in taking out in-
depth opinions and views of respondents in relation to the chosen topic (Bairagi and Munot,
2019). The method used for data analysis is thematic analysis and this has assisted in analysing
information which is present in theoretical form and the data gathered through strategy called
interview. In the section of literature review, pre-determined research questions were not
included and these were answered with the help of books, newspapers, journals, articles,
publications and many more (Budianto, 2020).
From the above collected piece of information this can be concluded that Self-
management is an ability of an individual to manage the thoughts, behaviour an emotion of
individual in order to gain better career opportunities. Retail industry must encourage their staff
to focus on improving self-management skills so that they can allocate the task based on the
strength and interest. When UK retail industry have self-managed teams they motivate their co-
workers to perform task and take ownership. The self-managed team also have increased team
spirit which also helps in reducing the stress level. Self-managing team provide clear direction to
team members so that they can effectively accomplish their goals and objectives. They also focus
on team oriented task by working collectively in order to achieve the business goals.
There are various challenges which would be faced by retail industry when they do not
implement self-management approaches in their organisation. One of the prominent is related
with quitting of employees in which organisation may face unfair results and in this case delays
can be seen by the organisation in attaining organisational objectives. When motivation is
rendered in which better opportunities can be provided so that personal benefits can be provided.
In such manner these are the challenges which could be seen by the organisation in the path of
dealing with self-management. The fabricated and misleading information within retail industry
may develop difficulties in which various difficulties are being faced by retail industry and this
would be dropping morale and employee motivation in vast manner (ZD and et. al., 2020).
Without using self-management approaches this would be difficult for the organisation to

manage their employees and develop their path for success. Negative appraisal is the another
challenges which could be faced by retail industry and in the same manner consequences of legal
matters can be seen by the organisation. This is necessary for the retail industry to allow their
employees so that they can work on peer review in which annual appraisal can be prepared for
employees. Besides this another problem is linked with poor self-management skills in which
negative environment can be created within organisation so that profitability and growth of the
business can be hampered and in the same manner such programs can be instigated which are
related with making the business successful.
RECOMMENDATION
With the above collected piece of information, there are certain recommendations which
can be recommended to researcher is that they should also use questionnaire as an instrument for
the collection of primary information so that numerical data can also be collected. In simpler
words, researcher should use quantitative research method so that statistical facts and figures
could be assembled.
From the above gathered information in literature review this can be concluded that there
are various challenges which are being faced by retail industry. These challenges are required to
be mitigated so that business process can be executed. Identification of first class fit technology
could be the first movement which could be used by the commercial enterprise so that to mitigate
challenges related with self-management aspect. For an organisation this is mandatory that to
develop approaches linked with self-management so that various functionalities can be executed
within the business and at the same time important aspects can be covered. Retail industry is
associated with executing their business in a manner by which e-store and physical stores can be
managed by them. For customer providing of appropriate experience is mandatory in which
higher customer satisfaction can be provided and at the same time larger complications can be
seen. Customer across the platforms in which purchasing power can be moulded so that
individual may get assistance significant skills related with developing their business and
managing their employees in proper manner. For retail industry their customer plays significant
role in which organisation is required to develop personal experience of their customer using
such methods if self-management. These are the methods in which individual may use for
developing self-management aspects in their business and to get overcome with various barriers
as well. Employees across various platforms are related with develop such manner in which they

can manage their own skills and develop their workplace in such a way that succession
opportunities can be seen (Loué, 2018). By offering trouble unfastened shopping primary
touchpoints can be analysed and this will have direct impact over enhancing shopping experience
of customer which is related with self-management of employees. This is examined that the
another method in which challenges related with self-management can be mitigated is associated
with examining ever-evolving consumer necessities so that examination can be seen related with
developing such methods in which interest can be paid. Using AI and GPS techniques various
aspects can be seen which leads into gaining significant reasons.

REFERENCES
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APPENDIX
Questionnaire
Q.1. Do you have the knowledge about the concept of self-management?
Q.2. As per your understanding what is self-management for you?
Q.3. Is it beneficial for people to develop self-management for skill development?
Q.4. What is the concept of self-management for people working in retail industry of UK?
Q.5. According to your opinion is it advantageous for organisation to use self-management
aspects within workplace?
Q.6. According to your perception, what are the theories and approaches of self-management in
retail industry?
Q.7. According to your experience do retail industries in UK are using such theories for
developing skills and competences of their employees?
Q.8. What is the benefit of self-management approaches and theories in retail industry of UK?
Q.9. What would be the impact for the individual when self-management approaches are used
by them?
Q.10. What is the impact of self-management approaches on individual behaviour?
Q.11. What are the challenges that would be faced by UK retail industry without having self-
management approach?
Q.12. What are the major strategies that can be used by retail industry for mitigating challenges
related with self-management?
Q.13. According to your judgement with the help of using stage-management approaches in the
business employee focus can be attained?
Q.14. What is the impact of such challenges of self-management over individual?
Q.15. What are the recommendations that can be given to retail industry in UK in order to
develop self-management approaches?