Report: Skills Underutilization of Romanian Workforce in London, UK

This report investigates the underutilization of skills among Romanian workers in London, UK. It begins with an abstract highlighting the lack of soft and hard skills as a barrier to long-term goals. The study employs a mixed-methods approach, including face-to-face interviews and questionnaires with 80 respondents. The research aims to assess the effectiveness of skilled Romanian workers in the London market, particularly in sectors like construction, healthcare, and hospitality. The report is structured into six chapters, covering background, literature review, methodology, data analysis, findings, and conclusions. Key findings reveal that many Romanian workers feel their skills are underutilized due to factors like language barriers and qualification mismatches. The report also analyzes the sectors in which they work and their satisfaction levels. The data analysis includes tables and charts to present the survey results, including demographics, sector of employment, skills utilization, and suggestions for improvement. The conclusion offers recommendations for enhancing the skills and efficiency of Romanian workers in the London workforce, focusing on training and development programs to address skill gaps and improve job satisfaction.

The skills' underutilization of
Romanian workforce in
London, UK.

ABSTRACT
In the present study, skills of underutilisation of Romania people in London, UK has been
identified. In this regard, different ways also demonstrated that helps to understand important
concept of the present topic. With this aspect, it has been found that among Romania people lack
of soft and hard skills determine proficiency towards long term objectives and goals. As a result,
to increase their skills and performances it is essential to lead with positive performances of
Romania people. Furthermore, study demonstrate primary data collection method with using
face-to-face interview and survey questionnaire. There are 80 respondents selected to know skills
of underutilisation of staff members in the country. In addition to this, face-to-face interview also
helps to know about proper presentation of assessment of Romania people's skills. Purpose of
this study is to find effectiveness of skilled Romania workers that are utilised in London market.
It is important to assess skills and efficiency of Romania workers because in UK they are
fail to deal in different sector such as construction, health sector and hospitality. Therefore,
training program can be successfully regulate to increase their efficiency towards different
sectors. From collecting of primary data, I can collect information regarding employees’ own
performances to find response towards aim and objectives. From this aspect, conclusion drawn
that education and job skills can be match successfully to deal in different sectors.

Table of Contents
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION.....................................................................................................1
Background of the study.........................................................................................................1
Rationale of the study.............................................................................................................1
Aim and objectives.................................................................................................................1
Significance of the research ...................................................................................................2
Timeline and activities of the research...................................................................................3
CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW..........................................................................................5
Soft and hard skills in workers within UK labour market .....................................................5
Strategies to improve skills of Romanian workers ................................................................6
Sectors where the Romanian workers’ skills are not used effectively: construction,
hotel/hospitality and health care of London...........................................................................8
Skilled Romanian workers are utilized in the London workforce market..............................9
Ways through skilled Romania workers are effectively work in different sectors..............10
CHAPTER 3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY............................................................................12
CHAPTER 4 DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS .............................................................16
Data collection......................................................................................................................16
CHAPTER 5 FINDINGS FROM DATA ANALYSIS.................................................................21
CHAPTER 6 CONCLUSION, REFLECTION AND RECOMMENDATION............................32
Conclusion............................................................................................................................32
Recommendation..................................................................................................................33
Reflection.............................................................................................................................33
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................35

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
Background of the study
Underutilization of the capacity of labour force is considered as demographic and social
characteristics with different elements such as education attainment, occupational status, etc.
These are main reasons of underemployment in every country. Therefore, economic problems
occur after the crisis and massive migration of Romania workers into London, UK. This is
because there are different sectors in which these people work continuously to develop their
work (Ambrosini, Mayr and Radu, 2015). Employers are also forced with weaker consistent
wage package so that it is essential to focus on underutilisation of labour force. As a result, there
are different kinds of hard and soft skills that assists to increase efficiency and capability of
people in UK. Hard skills are considered as proficiency in foreign language, degree or certificate,
machine operations, computer programming, etc. These types of skills assists to gain long term
objectives in desired consideration. Furthermore, different types of soft skills also assists to
develop effectiveness in work with increasing communication, flexibility, leadership, motivation,
patience, time management, work ethics, etc. In London (UK), labour market continuously
diminish because of lack of skills among employees. In this present study, increasing skills with
Romania people successfully developed which helps to accomplish advance results.
Rationale of the study
The present study assists to understand factors that are leading towards skills
underutilisation of workers in London, UK. Therefore, report determines different training and
development methods that assists to attain competitive wage as an important factor and it is
closely related with good work life balance. Furthermore, it assists to identify skills of Romanian
workers that are used effectively or not in different sectors such as construction, hotel and health
sector of London. As a result, it signifies that skilled workers are attracted in London workforce
market (Plank and Staritz, 2016). With the help of making changes in technological
development, it can be stated that it is more important to utilise workforce in the particular
country. In addition to this, present study also helps to look for London Employment and skills
commission to tackle more skills challenges that head on.
Aim and objectives
Research aims
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To understand and analyse the skills and underutilization of Romanian workers in London, UK.
Research objectives
 To identify and analyse soft and hard skills in workers within UK labour market
 To analyse strategies to improve skills of Romanian workers
 To determine the Romanian workers’ skills in sector such construction, hotel/hospitality
and health care.
 To analyse how the skilled Romanian workers are utilized in the London workforce
market.
 To recommend ways through skilled Romania workers are effectively work in different
sectors.

Research questions
 Are the Romanian employees overeducated for their work in London, UK.
 Is there a mismatch between education and job level workers when compared with other
migrant communities?
 What is the perception of the Romanian workers about their skills utilisation in London
workforce market?
 What are the sectors determining for Romania workers' skills are not used effectively
construction, hotel/hospitality and heath care?
Significance of the research
With the help of present study, there are some significance can be successfully
implemented at workplace of London regarding labour workforce. This is because, there are
different challenges face in different sector of businesses which is effectively used in the
economy. Therefore, country focuses on policy that helps to know about problem which address
it in the best manner. Furthermore, establishing of the cost in the UK of labour market not fully
employ with available skills. It is require comparing appropriate alternative so that individual
who has completed education and training, easily take contribution in employment (Moraru,
Cioca and Babut, 2017). With the help of analysis, it can be stated that it takes consideration of
cost to loss productivity of individual who find underutilisation in the country. In order to
increase hard and soft skills of employees assists to focus on taking initiatives at workplace of
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London, UK. Hence, training and development methods implemented successfully to reach
towards more success in the country.
Timeline and activities of the research
In order to conduct research, there are several activities considered according to time that
helps to accomplish targets and goals. These are explained further here:
Activities 1th
Week
2nd
Week
3rd
Week
4th
Week
5th
Week
6th
Week
7th
Week
8th
Week
9th
Week
10th
Week
Research topic
Literature
Review
Designing of
research
methodology
Design question
of research
Carry out
Research
activities
Data Analysis
and its graphic
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design
Conclusion and
recommendation
Final Report
Editing &
Completion
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CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW
Soft and hard skills in workers within UK labour market
As per the views of Plank and Staritz, (2016), hard skills are specific, teachable abilities
that can be successfully defined and measured such as typing, writing, math, reading & ability to
use software programs. Therefore, in respect to conduct research for UK labour market, the
present study determines with different range of conceptual approach in several numbers of
social science discipline. Often it is piecemeal and focuses on narrowly to defined rivers and
processes. Increasing movement of utilising broader framework, it can be stated that it is
essential to focus on simple supply side characteristics that are related with labour workforce in
UK. Capability also move in labour market that make sustainable and accessible employment in
the country which ascertained with labour market. However, Moraru, Cioca and Babut, (2017)
stated that individual employability is generally depends on knowledge and skills which possess
with attitude. With this regard, soft skills are considered as important consideration that is less
tangible and harder to quantify such as etiquette, getting along with others, listening and
engaging. Therefore, there are personal attributes are presented in labour market so that
environmental and social context work to sought problems and work in systematic manner.
Broad employability also include supply side characteristics and demand side characteristics
towards labour market. Broad employability framework resembles in model that shown in labour
capital. In individual labour market, there are three interrelated functions considered which
include individual and personal circumstances.
As per the point of Ambrosini, Mayr and Radu, (2015), first two relation considered with
individual and personal circumstances that are very tough in labour supply factors. In addition to
this, third set of factors are considered largely in external for individual that can be seen as
representing broad range of contextual factors which includes several characteristics of labour
market demand in London, UK. Individual characteristics can be defined in term of malleable
and indelible that are considered skills and attributes such as basic education, transferable skills
which develop successfully at individual's level of adaptability and mobility. In addition to this,
it is also important to consider proper health, well-being, job seeking skills and individual's level
of adaptability. On the other hand, Gaureanu, Draghici and Weinschrott, (2016) argued that
ascribed and achieved personal characteristic such as education in term of formal and learned job
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skills. Along with this, social status, age, etc. are factors that often included in models that
attempting to understand labour market outcomes. In particular aspects of operations of the
opportunity, it can be stated that objectives are varied greatly that focuses across individual that
depends on personal characteristic.
According to the views of Ugwudike, Raynor and Annison, (2018), it can be expect that
health and well-being is long-term outcomes that affect to perform certain jobs & employed in
all aspects. Job seeking behaviour and knowledge mainly act to funnel information that is known
and directly create impact on possible connection with individual social network. Direct impact
on an individual's opportunity structure and eventual develop successful employment outcomes.
Therefore, adaptability and mobility refers in particular environment that extent to willingly
change and adapt for meeting labour market conditions. Along with this, Vasile, Pisică and
Dobre, (2015) stated that impact of local or regional resources considered in context of several
effects that can be arrange of market and institutions. Impact of local and regional resources
ascertained in context effect which is most often that is related with quality, quantity and
diversity of institute. It refers as market and institutions at local level. Arrangements of it
generally includes financial markets, schools of social welfare and criminal justice systems.
Tan, Lee and Nam, (2016), generated their views that there are several other factors that
influence national income of the country so that whatever is used assists to produce commodity
that is called its inputs. The higher capital labour ratio in an economy assists to transform given
amount of time into large quantity. As a result, it increases more output among workers that
influence productivity of labour as human capital. With the help of good standards of living, it
can be stated that goods and services are produced with less amount of efforts.
Strategies to improve skills of Romanian workers
As per the views of Zanca and Misca, (2016), there are several strategies to improve
skills of Romania workers in UK. For instance, make eye contact and acknowledge everyone's
presence in particular place. In order to increase awareness of body language, it can be stated that
soft skills can be successfully develop that ascertained with several advantages. Development of
writing skills also assists to maintain effectiveness through always proofread whole content
before sending. On the other hand, Sekulova and Rogoz, (2018) generated their views and ideas
in health profession supply of health professional also decreased since 2010/2011. In this
because, there is insufficient labour supply which led to decline employment. Employment in the
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sector increasing with emigration of graduates such as more and more graduate people who are
looking for internship position. Number of graduate person is continuously reducing so that
insufficient development of health care services and infrastructure decentralised management
and finance. Hence, cutting in wages by 25% replacement rate for re-employment for all these
developments contributed that increase recruitment difficulties.
In order to consider education sector, Plank and Staritz, (2016) argued that crisis
decreased for the attractiveness of jobs. There are several numbers of staff decreased by 15%
from 432 thousands in 2008 and 373 in 2014 (Romania: Mismatch priority occupations, 2016).
Administrative measures compulsory retirement at standard age so that it is essential to change
structure of teachers and reduce attractiveness for a career in education. Due to increasing
number of new entrants and external migration, in 2014 share of persons 25-34 years old
employed in education decreased by 8%. As a result, quality of education has suffered in
education sector. In contrasting, Hanna and Lyons, (2018) stated that cooperation with business
sector are main obstacles for curricula updates to respond labour market demand for new skills
and competences for new professions. Teaching is not financially attractive profession in the UK
because of ineffective capabilities of employees. While there are several numbers of notable
legal and institutional changes in education system taken place. As a result, problems of quality,
efficiency and equity is remained.
Along with this, Ambrosini, Mayr and Radu, (2015) stated that in construction sector
workers of Romania also decline. This is because, in construction market problem is associated
that state that investment also required with auctions so that contracts are also started when
actual work passes from months and sometimes years. Due to unclear laws, market is unsecure
so that in construction business, workers of Romania state invest more. Furthermore, there is
more expensive in residential sector so that growth of the country continuously diminish which
might creates crisis. On the other hand, Moraru, Cioca and Babut, (2017) argued that labour in
the construction sector results of intense immigration towards Western countries. Hence, local
construction firms must increase salaries to attract skilled staff. Furthermore, increasing wages
also make solution to solve problems of labour deficit in construction to train young people.
Moreover, poor energy efficiency conditions of the building stock in the country taking several
actions that stimulate renovation to focus on particular residential building.
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Sectors where the Romanian workers’ skills are not used effectively: construction,
hotel/hospitality and health care of London
As per the views of Irimiás and Michalkó, (2016), recently Romania workers' skills are
not effectively used in different sectors such as construction, hotel/hospitality and health care. In
construction sector of UK, there were 202 million UK resident working with specialised
activities. Specialised construction activities also building with greater proportion of all residents
those are working in London. There is widespread of demand for more information that can be
successfully impact on the UK. In order to considered operations in the industry, it can be stated
that current composition of overall contract includes looking and concentrating in occupational
breakdown with several characteristic. However, Hoftijzer and Gortazar, (2018) stated that
productivity of construction industry is poor so that it is widely creates impact on outcomes.
Productivity of particular sector building brand that assists to focus on newly qualified workers.
As a result, it can be stated that education helps to the industry with training to provide enough
skilled construction workers. With the help of changing in technical and vocational education
system, productivity can be raise that make solution to attain desired level of growth.
According to the point of Spreckelsen and Seeleib-Kaiser, (2016), British economy has
been held back due to weak productivity growth to solve issue and problem of economic crisis.
In the hospitality industry, it can be stated that participation in workforce of women and men
from Romania workers is high. This is because, in the country there is high unemployed labour
market which create impact on continued growth of the country. With this consideration, it can
be stated that combination of employment attrition make high growth in the hospitality sector
that impact cumulative over time. On the other hand, Sobis, Junjan and de Vries, (2016) argued
that there is overlap between hospitality and tourism sector. As a result, this sector is not
effectively and completely captured to take corrective measures that can be implied with EU
migration into the sectors. In this sector, UK has several requirements but Romania workers have
not skills to perform their jobs and fulfil gaps. Low rates of unemployment means that long term
outcomes need to be successfully develop to face similar challenges to attract inactive persons.
As per the point of Sukarieh and Tannock, (2017), stated that Romania workers have
several opportunities in UK so that they work with highly skilled workforce. There is two quotas
based schemes successfully develop to increase employment activities in the country.
Consequently, levels of migration from Romania to UK is currently low as compared to EU8
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