Project Management Essentials: Smart City OS Project Report Analysis

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of the Smart City OS project, focusing on project management essentials. It begins by identifying critical skills for the project manager, including leadership, planning, and collaboration, and suggests actions for skill development. The report then identifies key stakeholders, such as technology suppliers, the Hull City population, project employees, and the City Council, creating a stakeholder influence map and discussing engagement strategies. It critically examines the project triangle parameters (scope, time, and cost) and their interrelationships. Furthermore, it offers advice on resource requirements and cost estimation techniques. A risk register is developed, and potential conflicts are identified with proposed resolution strategies. The report concludes with a discussion on building a successful and diverse project team, referencing Tuckman's Team Development process and addressing challenges associated with diverse teams.

Project Management
Essentials

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................4
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................4
Critically discuss what skills the project manager of the Smart City OS project needs to
develop to be effective. Reflect on possible actions the project manager of the Smart City OS
project should take to develop those skills.............................................................................4
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................7
Identify relevant stakeholders and create a stakeholder influence map for the Smart City OS
project and discuss why these are the most critical stakeholders emerging from your analysis.
Critically discuss how to engage the stakeholders, identified with the Smart City OS project.. 7
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................8
Critically discuss the importance of the various project triangle parameters that will need to be
managed by the Smart City OS project manager over the course of the project, and how they
may inter-relate to each other.................................................................................................8
TASK 4..........................................................................................................................................10
Provide advice to the project manager on what resources may be required for this project and
what could be an effective cost estimation technique for the Smart City OS project and
explain why..........................................................................................................................10
TASK 5..........................................................................................................................................12
Develop a risk analysis by constructing a risk register for the Smart City OS project by using
the risk register.....................................................................................................................12
TASK 6..........................................................................................................................................14
Identify at least six conflicts that may arise when running the Smart City OS project and their
sources. Critically discuss which actions can be taken by the project manager to resolve them
and suggest appropriate conflict management and/or negotiation strategies to address these.14
TASK 7..........................................................................................................................................17
Critically discuss what the project manager can do to build a highly successful team for the
Smart City OS project. Critically reflect on what actions the project manager can take to build
a diverse team for the Smart City OS project.......................................................................17
What are some of the challenges of working in diverse teams............................................18

CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................19
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................20

INTRODUCTION
Project Management is a procedure involves number of critical actions and activities
which are needed to be performed in order to complete the project in assigned time and with
effectiveness and efficiency (Adeleke and et. al., 2019). The project management process is a
supervising act which enable the management to take up best practices and actions in order to
make the involved tasks a success and finish the project best suited manner. The assignment is a
Consultancy Report over a Smart City Operating System (OS) Project. In regards to the case
study, A city named Hull is conducting journey to become a smart city for which it requires the
combination of two key components technology and discipline. In last 12 months the city have
gone through varied changes which will be leading it to become the Smart City. Hence, in may
the a new project called as Smart City OS project is launched which is focused over to build a
smart operating system for the city as part of its development plans and offering real benefits to
the communities and people or population of it.
The report below is inclusive of number of segments involving varied information related
to the making the project a success. To being with the light is drawn over the skill of project
manager require to lead and complete the project and make it a success. Moreover, information
related to key stakeholders and their engagement within the project is made clear by developing
a stakeholders map. Then moving further in the assignment focus is made over the project
triangle and the importance of its parameters for managing the project of Smart City OS in the
best suited manner. Moving along risks register is developed with identifying 10 risks and then
conflicts are discovered as well their solutions are provided too. In the end, the importance,
development and management of a diverse team is overlooked by the using the Tuckman's Team
Development process (Giao, 2020) (Javed and Liu, 2019).
TASK 1
Critically discuss what skills the project manager of the Smart City OS project needs to develop
to be effective. Reflect on possible actions the project manager of the Smart City OS
project should take to develop those skills.
A Project Manager is the individual with whole bundle or roles and responsibilities to
be performed in favour of making the project a success and attaining all respective objectives in
favour of keeping up with the overall agenda of the same. Hence, a Project Manager have to be

highly skilled and knowledgable for carrying forwards their roles and contributing to effective
completion of the whole project. As the managing individual of the project, the manager has the
key role to be played in parts for taking the project to success and making the best of their skill
sets. In relation to the same the Project Manager of the Smart City OS Project do have the
responsibilities to keep up with some capabilities and competencies in favour of attaining the
aims and objectives of the same. The varied form skills required by a Project Manager within the
Smart City OS Project in order to complete it and extract the best results are as follows: Leadership Skills- The skill to lead and significance of being a leader with followers who
appreciate and appraise the work performed by them is a unique ability of an individual.
The leadership skill is a basic one for a Project Manager to have for effective
administration and regulation of different tasks and team members performing them. The
manager of Smart City OS Project have to be a potential and competent leader in order to
run the project successfully (Koke and Moehler, 2019). Planning Skills- A project which is being conducted and involves number of tasks as
well as resources requires effective planning as well for making the best and most
productive use of resources and bringing the best outcomes. Thus, a Project Manager is
essentially requires to hold the expertise in making plan as the base of a successful
project is its successive planning and strategies developed. Research and Development Skills- A Project Manager is the one who will be
overlooking on the whole project of Smart City OS. That means the manager has to be
skilled enough to work with multiple skills and over varies task. Thus, skill set of a
Project Manager involves essential needs for them to be good in research and
development as the manger will be the one making plan and therefore, their abilities to
make the best research will be supporting their planning and strategy development
practices and enabling them to make critical decision while working with in-depth
knowledge and understanding (Mesároš and et. al., 2019). Collaboration Skills- As the skill of a Project Manager is discussed, they need to be
matched with their responsibilities and roles played. The Project Manager is responsible
for success of the whole project and this raises another requirement for them to be
effective enough in keeping the whole project collaborated and aligned. This is another

important skill of a Project Manager which is essential for them to hold in order to make
the Smart City OS Project a success.
 Monitoring and Controlling Skills- This is another key approach and skill which needs
to be developed and behold by project manager who is dealing with a larger project like
the Smart City OS Project. The skill will enable them to become a strong supervisor in
order to keep a check on aspects of the project beginning form the employees who are
working to make it a success, the activities being conducted and the processes being
followed to conduct the actions and so on (Yuan, Yang and Xue, 2019).
POSSIBLE ACTIONS THE PROJECT MANAGER OF THE SMART CITY OS
PROJECT TO UPDATE AND DEVELOP THE SKILLS MENTIONED ABOVE IN THE
SECTION.
SKILLS ACTIONS NECESSARY
Leadership skills Can go through training session or can make
use of books and journals to grab more and
more knowledge.
Planning skills Can make use of online platforms and activities
which are specifically developed for increasing
planning insight of individuals.
Research and Development skills The project manager can go through separate
critical aspects of research and development
and develop better understanding for the same
in case of becoming more critical (Barbosa and
Saisse, 201).
Collaborating skills The project manager can take help from their
superior and receive their feedback
continuously for receiving more collaborative
acute.
Monitoring and Controlling skills The project manager can make use of varied
monitoring and controlling tools to be more
effective in perspective of supervising and

controlling activities.
TASK 2
Identify relevant stakeholders and create a stakeholder influence map for the Smart City OS
project and discuss why these are the most critical stakeholders emerging from your
analysis. Critically discuss how to engage the stakeholders, identified with the Smart City
OS project.
Stakeholders are one of the key resources of an organisation or any project enable it to succeed
within its plans and strategies in the most potential manager favouring them to attain the
respective goals and objectives behind the project or of an organisation. Stakeholders of an
organisation and different projects differentiate according to their needs of the respective
activity. There are several different resources that are introduced and brought in by the
stakeholders such as capital investment, tangible and intangible resources, essential supplies and
many more (Giao, 2020).
In accordance to the consideration of the project of the Smart City OS there are different
types of stakeholders involved within the project beginning with the suppliers of technology that
helped the Hull City to become a smart city and the fastest in the internet world and several
others. The list of stakeholders of the Smart City OS Project is presented below in the section. Suppliers of technology – The first key stakeholder of the Smart City OS project are the
suppliers of technology and different software that enable the city enough access to the
required level of technology in order to change the city into one of the leading in the
world of internet. These technology are casio and Connexin which brought the best
technology and are willing to way more innovative technologies towards the Smart City
OS project of Hull (Saleem, 2019). Population of Hull City- The next up and a major stakeholder of the Smart City OS
project are the population of the city. The people around the city have contributed a lot in
success and establishment of hull city in past years. In the same manner again population
and community is living in the city will be playing a very important and essential role in
success of the Smart City OS project and making free plans of the Council and
administration succeed in their agendas.

 Employees part of the project- The third stakeholder of the Smart City OS project are the
employees in the members who are going to work on it and who are already being
working on it. Employees for the people working in an organisation or over any project
plays a very important and essential role in favour of the aim and objective of the practice
going on. Skill and abilities of employees will support the plans and objectives in order to
make the project a successful one and lead the city towards development as well as
growth continuously helping it to attain the objective of becoming the World’s best and
most techno friendly City which better connectivity and information system.
 The Council- The last but not the least is the Council of the Smart City OS project who
around the administrative processes and are responsible as well as the heads behind the
development idea of the city to change it into the world class technology friendly city
around the globe. The council is the one who has developed the plan and is regularly
innovating and creating new ideas to keep the development of the city going. Hence,
characterize them to be the most important and essential part of the stakeholder grid in
relation to the project and in relation to the success of it (Posner and Applegarth, 2019).
TASK 3
Critically discuss the importance of the various project triangle parameters that will need to be
managed by the Smart City OS project manager over the course of the project, and how
they may inter-relate to each other.
The Project Management Triangle is a model by which managers and leaders of different
administrations and projects manage their work and the whole project. The Project Management
Triangle is also known as Triple Constraints and Iron Triangle and hold three key constraints of a
project which needs to be managed and successfully overlooked order to make the project a
success. The three constraints of the Project Management Triangle and their interrelationship for
the success of the Smart City OS Project are examined below:

Illustration 1: Iron Triangle of Projects, 2020
(Source: Iron Triangle of Projects, 2020) Scope- The first aspect of the triangle is Scope which indicates to the amount of work
which is essential to be done for completing the project in the best manner possible and
deliver the best outcomes. Time- The second aspects that is time refers to the allotted time required for completion
of the project in the best manner possible and in how much time the project will be
delivered as per the requirements (Boiangiu and Stănică, 2019).
 Cost- The third and last factor is of cost which refers to the resources required to conduct
different activities and tasks of the project by the teams and members part of the project
and for making it a success.
All the three constraints are interrelated and connected with one another and have to be
working as per their connections for ensuring the success of the Smart City OS Project. The first
factor is scope which will define features and functions of the project. These will be determined
on the basis of cost which will be involved in the Project and the time teams have to complete it
in the most effective manner. Then the factor of time, it will be determined on the basis of cost
about how much work needs to be done the provided time for attaining the goal and making the
project a success. The, third element is of cost, that is dependent on the function of the project

and the time required to complete the Smart City OS Project as the efficiency and effectiveness
of work will be determined on the basis of productivity of the resources used.
TASK 4
Provide advice to the project manager on what resources may be required for this project and
what could be an effective cost estimation technique for the Smart City OS project and
explain why.
Smart Cities require high capital cost, The Hull City Council is well aware about the
difficulties to start a smart city without the required finances. Major Financing sources can be: Government Funding: It's one of the major funding option which is taken into
consideration by the developers, this turns out to be a critical factor in determining if the
project which was taken into consideration is feasible or not. Local-Level Funding: Local-Level sources include public development agencies,
regional economic development corporations, regionally invested organisations such as
utilities (Takahashi and Takahashi, 2019). Public-Private Partnerships: A large number of projects of smart cities have a
combination and advantage of government and private sector itself. This advantage helps
in generating more economic gains and consumer moveability. With this arrangement
between public and private sectors it's easy to get public infrastructure, regional facilities
and related services. Loans and Bonds: This is one of the traditional sources of funding. Sometimes all other
funds seems to be inadequate to fund an entire smart city project, and also funding is hard
to get in the prescribed and reasonable time. This type of funding helps in supplementing
other finances and keeping in check that the project is as per the schedule (Yemini,
Oplatka and Sagie, 2019).
 User Charges and Pay for Performance: As per this concept, the users must pay to
receive the services, like that of an internet connection. This source will help the
developers in getting quick finance and will help in the routine activities of the smart city
project.
Other than finance there are a many other factors which are essential for the development
of a smart city, a few of them can be:

 Human Resource: This is one of the major element which aids in the success of any
project. Smart City projects need skilled and unskilled human resources. Considering the
population of Hull it can be said that the project is in short of this resource, It's important
to get more of the resource in order for this project to succeed. Infrastructure: Establishing a smart city will require advanced infrastructure. This will
include buildings, transportation and other necessary requirements of the project. The
council is working on the infrastructure and is doing pretty well, it's expected for the
council to obtain best suitable infrastructure for the project (Lin and Huang, 2020).
 Technology: The project requires a great deal of modern technology, it's important for
the smart city to stay connected in every way possible and to achieve this goal strong
foothold on technology is required and the Hull City Council is working effectively on it.
Furthermore it's important to manage the cost of the Project, this can be done with an effective
technique of Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA) . This is one of the critical techniques which aids in
the planning process of any project. CBA can offer short and long term insight of the project
along with the effects on surrounding communities from the project. CBA includes the following
steps: Setting the framework of analysis: It is the scope of the project including all of the
aspects which are affected. Identify Cost and Benefits: This consists of all the factors, not only the monetary and
direct factors but also indirect, non-monetary and intangible ones. Assess variables as per the lifespan of the project: This will help in getting more
accurate results as the analysis would be of the cost and benefits during the life of the
project (Zmeev, Zmeev and Tamazlykar, 2019). Monetising cost and benefits: According to this method the monetary value of cost and
benefits are considered, it will be calculated and assessed accordingly. Calculate the discount cost and benefits to obtain current value: This means converting
the future costs and benefits into present value.
 Compute the net present value and benefit-cost ratio: This last step subtracts cost from
benefits. By the results assessed strong recommendations can be made.

TASK 5
Develop a risk analysis by constructing a risk register for the Smart City OS project by using the
risk register.
RISK RISK LEVEL
(Low, Medium and
High)
LIKELIHOOD OF
EVENTS
MITIGATION
STRATEGY
Environmental Risk-
It is a risk that cause
demolishing to the
surrounding Natural
Environment.
LOW IT MAY BE
POSSIBLE
The City Council
should develop and
monitor the Climate
changes Strategy. Also,
they need to improve
the air quality of the
city (GIAO and
TRANG, 2019).
Operational Risk- MEDIUM LIKELY TO
POSSIBLE
Financial Risk-
Financial risk is the
risk which arises due
to shortage of funds.
HIGH VERY LIKELY TO
TAKE PLACE
The threat of financial
risk arises when the
council have lack of
funds. the manager
should make sure they
have an appropriate
fund with them so that
they may not face this
risk.
Strategic Risk-
Strategic risk is the
risk that may impact
on strategic decisions
MEDIUM LIKELY TO
POSSIBLE
The Project manager of
smart city OS project
have to take an
appropriate decision

and may have a
chances that result
will be in loss.
regarding the welfare
of the city and work
according to planned
strategy.
Reputational Risk-
Reputation risk is
hidden threat to the
good name of city
that may occur
through different
variety of ways
(Biskupek, 2019).
LOW IT MAY OCCUR The City council plans
to make sure the
reputation of the city
must not dragged down
further. Crime in the
city should be
minimised and also
improve the education
system.
Compliance Risk-
Compliance risk is the
threat for losses and
legal penalties due to
the failure to follow
with laws and
regulations.
MEDIUM LIKELY TO
POSSIBLE
The manager should
follow the rules and
regulations of the city
and fulfill the legal
requirements.
Technological Risk-
Technological Risk
arises from any
potential for losses
due to technology
failure or change in
technology.
HIGH MOST LIKELY Hull city will enable to
became a
programmable city by
improving deliveries,
reducing cost and by
making a new
technologies such as
IoT, AI and Machine
learning algorithms.
Social Risk- Social MEDIUM LIKELY TO The council should

risk includes the
action that affects the
communities. for
example, corruption,
public health, human
right violations, etc.
POSSIBLE provide the better
information to the
residents and introduce
them with the changes
and benefits they will
have with the smart
city.
Human resource
Risk- Human
resource risk raises
when they don't make
an effort to complete
their task at given
time.
MEDIUM LIKELY TO
POSSIBLE
The council creates a
new demand for the
digitally worked force
and they are also
investing in skills for
its people (Saleem,
Mathrani and Taskin,
2019).
Lack of Resources- LOW IT MAY OCCUR The Council should
make sure that the
resources which are
required, must be
available accordingly
in making best use of
them. There should be
a proper utilisation of
resources.

TASK 6
Identify at least six conflicts that may arise when running the Smart City OS project and their
sources. Critically discuss which actions can be taken by the project manager to resolve
them and suggest appropriate conflict management and/or negotiation strategies to address
these.
Conflict Management is a key process which takes place in every organisation as
developing of a conflicting situation in a workplace is common issue through which every
business owner and entity goes through. Conflict management is a practice, conducted by
management of the company where they are able to identify and handle the conflicts and issues
amongst people sensibly, fairly and efficiently. The role of conflict management is commonly
played by managers and of the company. The conflicting situation within Smart City OS Project
is an obvious action to take place as it is an administration which is needed to be managed,
number of people are working in it and conflicts can be risen and needs to be effectively
resolved. Some of the potential conflicts which may arise with the Smart City OS Project while
conducting activities and practices for making the project a success and complete it in the given
time. Some of the conflicts and their mitigating action which can be used by the Project Manager
of the Smart City OS Project are as follows:
CONFLICTS MITIGATION / NEGOTIATION
PRACTICES
Project Vision The conflict of project vision refers to
difference of opinions people referring to top
level management of the administration have
over the vision of the project and its aim. This
is a conflict which may arise in the very
beginning while planning stage was going on.
In order to mitigate this conflict between top
management the project manager will be taking
up Collaborating technique by which the top
management will be motivated to work
together for finding the solution and to reach to

a middle path by calling it a truce
(Moldagulova and Satybaldiyeva, 2019).
Conflicts in Communication This is a common conflict that takes place in
management of a project amongst people when
the information is wrongly interpreted by the
receiver due to many unknown factors. In order
to mitigate this conflict the project manager of
Smart City OS Project can take initiative and
make sure of implementing effective and
strong communication tools in order to offer
the best and effective channels for all to use.
Conflicts in Leadership The conflicts of leadership states the difference
between the opinions of different leaders of the
project. Every leader varies ways of managing
their staff and followers. But their different
styles of leadership can bring differentiation
within the environment and work practices of
the organisation. Hence, for mitigating this
form of conflict the management of the Smart
City OS Project need to make leaders aware
about the culture which needs to be maintained
while completing the project and make sure
that leaders are aligning their practices with the
culture for developing synergy and managing
people together.
Team Differences and Conflicts Teams are part of every project as numerous
expertise are required to complete it and make
it a success. Hence, differences between teams
is very common to arise (SIPES and WALTZ,
2019). The project manager of the Smart City

OS Project can make use of different
techniques to keep people together and mingle
them up. By such practices the project
managers can arrange meetings and small get-
together to offer members a change to develop
relationships and known one another.
Personality Conflicts Everyone are unique in their own self and
indifferent from one another. Thus, their
personalities are the influence of what they
think, do and what experiences they have. A
conflict of indifferent personalities can arise
and for which the manager of Smart City OS
Project needs to make members comfortable
with diversification by utilising separate
techniques and actions.
Management and Leadership Conflicts Leadership and management are two separate
concept their impacts on the project will be
different and the action both parties will be
taking are different too. Thus, conflict between
both the parties can arise and for which the
manager of the Smart City OS Project will be
again taking Collaborating and Aligning
technique to make both parties understanding
their interdependence on performance and aims
of the project (Davidson, 2019).

TASK 7
Critically discuss what the project manager can do to build a highly successful team for the
Smart City OS project. Critically reflect on what actions the project manager can take to
build a diverse team for the Smart City OS project.
A diverse team means the people or the team members are unique and indifferent form
one another and their individual personalties are separate. A diverse team is filled with members
belonging to separate cultures, having different experience and learning and holding opinions
which are not similar to others (Kendall, 2020). Hence, the project manager of the Smart City OS
Project holds the responsibility to make diverse teams in order to keep the successive factor of
the project high. The project manager can make use of Tuckman's team development theory to
do so and enjoy the effectiveness of the same. The process of the theory in regards to the Smart
City OS Project is elaborated underneath. The theory was specifically developed for team
development by Tuckman. Forming- The first stage is of forming in at which the project manager will be making
the teams and choosing members for each of them. Here, the teams are developed
according to the requirement of work and the people who will be brought together are
new and unaware of the facts. Storming- The second stage is most critical for the leaders and for the project manger as
employees or team members do not have clarity of their goals and do not trust anyone.
Hence, the project manager of the Smart City OS Project has to take initiative to keep
them informed and provide them a little clarity. Norming- The third stage will be a little helpful as now people will be started developing
relationships and connection with one another and build a level of trust. The diverse team
member are now comfortable with each other and have better clarity of their tasks and
aims to achieve. Thus, the leaders and project manager will be at ease by the time third
stage comes up (Li, 2019). Performing- This is another effective stage which will ensure success of the Smart City
OS Project as now with clarity of tasks, comfort and effective skills people will begin to
perform their given duties and make sure to perform tasks in the best manner while
working for accomplishing the agendas of their specific team and contributing to success
of the project.

 Adjourning- The last and the third stage is of adjourning where the employees and
members will be dispersed as the aim are accomplished. At this stage leaders will award
and appraise members according to their performances and disperse the teams.
What are some of the challenges of working in diverse teams.
Working in a team is a critical job to do and people working within one have to be highly
trained and comfortable with it. The reason behind is the challenges they have to go through
while working with multiple people in a diverse team. Some of the challenges which can be
faced by the members in team while working on the Smart City OS Project are as follows: Difference of Perspectives and Opinions- People are new and unknown to one another
which lead them to lacking trust over one another (Hair Jr, Page and Brunsveld, 2019).
The first challenges is to trust people and develop a bold. Then each of them will be
having separate perspectives which is a huge challenges for employees to manage while
they are in a team and working on the given task.
 Indifferent Work Practices- Employees work in their own way and a diverse team
members are fond of making things done by their way that is perfect according to them.
The challenges arises when these practices of people do not align with each other and
they are not comfortable in working in way of others (Zaccagnini and Pechacek, 2019).
CONCLUSION
The assignment and discussion conducted in it concludes the need and efficiency brought
by the project manager towards it and for keeping the work going on in the most productive
manner. The consultancy report is made over the project manager essentials, that are provided by
the project manager to the administration and management of the company in case of keeping it
effective and potential. Thus, in the beginning of the assignment the skills which a project
manager requires are discussed like of leadership, collaborating etc. Then moving along
stakeholders of the project are identified and marked on the grid out of which The Council of the
project and the administration is known as the key for success and determined to be the most
important stakeholder. The next task was covering the discussion over project triangle
parameters that is concerned and keep its focus on several factors of the project in order to keep
it going in the most effective and efficient manner for attaining all goals and agendas. Moving
along the resource required for the project are determined for making the best of them and using

them productively. Then again the focus is implemented on potential risks and conflicts which
can affect the productivity of actions taken by the management of the project. Lastly, the concept
of diverse teams and their importance for the project to be success are identified and formation of
a diverse teams is elaborated by using Tuckman's team Development Theory and suggesting it to
the project manager.

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