Designing Smart Security System for Children using Arduino Project

This project report details the design and implementation of a smart security system for children using an Arduino microcontroller and IoT technologies. The student aimed to create a wearable device that could be customized, monitored, and managed, ensuring the child's safety by providing location tracking, SOS alerts, and communication capabilities. The project incorporates components such as a GSM module for SMS and call functionality, an SOS light indicator programmed with Morse code, and a Bluetooth 4.1 module for communication. The student faced a challenge in selecting the appropriate microcontroller platform, initially choosing PIC before switching to Arduino Uno for improved accuracy. The report covers the student's responsibilities, the engineering skills applied, the technical challenges encountered, and the solutions implemented, including a detailed analysis of the power supply and the application of C programming language. The project emphasizes the importance of child safety in crowded areas and aims to provide a reliable solution for reuniting lost children with their parents.

CE 2.1 Information on Project
Project’s Name: Designing Smart Security System for Children using Arduino
Project’s Location: Please fill
Duration of the Project: Please fill
Organization’s Name: Please fill
My Role as well as Designation during the work: Team Member of the Project
CE 2.2 Background of the Project
CE 2.2.1 Basic Characteristics of this Project
A smart security system refers to a specific system that could be customized,
monitored as well as managed by a user, irrespective of time and location. It is solely
responsible for controlling the security and hence making it convenient and even accessible
for better checking. It is being made with the help of IoT. It is a set of systems and devices,
which remain inter linked with the real world sensors as well as actuators to the Internet.
There are two vital features of this IoT, which include the devices as well the server side
architecture that supports these devices. In this project, I have focused on a major aspect that
a child is lost and he could be helped by his surrounding people, so that he could be easily
reunited with his or her parents. I wanted to design a wearable for ensuring security is
maintained for each and every child. I have used the platform of Arduino Uno micro
controller board over the basis of ATmega328P as well as the functionalities to send as well
as receive SMS and calls with GSM network. Moreover, I have also added SOS Light
indicator, which can be programmed with the help of the board of Arduino UNO for

displaying the SOS signals with Morse codes. There will be a distress alarm with the
wearable that would notify the people around the child. Therefore, in the work, I designed a
smart security system with incorporation of IoT to ensure security of children.
CE 2.2.2 Developed Objectives for the work
This smart security system was being completed by me for successfully analyzing and
increasing the security aspects of children in the entire world. I have used a multi sensor
based Arduino micro systems as well as a lower power module of Bluetooth 4.1. I wanted to
make a wearable, so that it does not become painful or complex for any child to keep the
system with his body. Hence, to obtain a distinct success criterion in the project, few
objectives were developed:
 To propose a completed design to this smart security system, so that children are safe
and secured in every location or time.
 To ensure that if a child is lost, he or she could be helped by the surrounding people
easily and without much complexity.
 To use Arduino Uno micro controller board, ATmega328P as the platform of this
specific project work and also ensure proper functionality to send and receive SMS
and calls after getting connected to the Internet.
 To use SOS Light Indicator to be programmed with Arduino for the purpose of
displaying the SOS signal with Morse code.
 To include multiple sensor based Arduino micro systems and a lower powered
module of Bluetooth 4.1 for making the wristband vital both light weighted and
lower costs.
 To ensure that the battery life of the wristband of the child is of 100 hours, so that the
child gets time to get back to his or her parents.

CE 2.2.3 My working area in this project work
Since I was an outstanding students in electronics and communication engineering, I
was subsequently employed as the most significant participant of my project team by our
group leader and supervisor in smart security system. I selected three other friends for the
project group and then we initiated our works. I ensured that the project is being
accomplished within our given time and deadline, so that extra costs are not incurred. I had
previously executed several projects, it was quite easier for me to gain success in this specific
work. Various parameters and aspects were needed to be considered in the work, so that
proper communication is established without much complexity.
CE 2.2.4 Group of people Involved in this Project
Figure 1: Group of Individuals involved in work
CE 2.2.5 My major responsibilities as well as duties in the entire work
I had some critical as well as significant duties in Designing Smart Security System
for Children using Arduino, being a responsible team member. At first, I had to research

about smart security system with the help of IoT devices. I decided to execute the work, only
after clearing my doubts properly, so that I do not face any type of issue in the initial phase.
After completing my research properly, I proposed a completed and compacted design to the
smart security system efficiently. I focused on the aspect of a child’s safety to a high level, so
that my designed wearable provides accurate activity as well as location of the child through
wireless devices. For this purpose, I selected Bluetooth 4.1 module for the project and
Arduino Uno micro controller as the base platform of the work. I even selected SOS light
indicator in the project, so that I can display the respective SOS signal with the help of Morse
code. I have used C programming language for completing the coding part of this project
work.
CE 2.3 Distinct Activities in this Work
CE 2.3.1 Comprehending the most Basic Theories Used in this work
To execute this specific work of Designing Smart Security System for Children using
Arduino, I had undertaken the most fundamental concepts for Arduino micro controller and
wireless devices. At first, I focused on power supply for this work. The inputs to this circuit
are being useful from the respective regulated supply of power. I checked that the AC input
of 230 V from the main supply was stepped down by the respective transformer to 12 V and
was fed to the rectifier.

Figure 2: Components of a Regulated Power Supply
Moreover, I checked that the DC voltages are needed for operating several electronic
kits and such voltages included 5 V, 9 V or 12 V. The average DC output voltage of a half
wave rectifier could be evaluated with 2 equations, only to be assumed zero voltage across
the diode.
I understand for the peak loss, it was around 0.7 V for the ordinary silicon p-n
junction diode.
The hardware components of this particular embedded system architecture include
central processing unit, memory, input device, output device, communication interface and
application specified circuitry.

Figure 3: Block Diagram of Hardware of Embedded System
Moreover, I have gained accurate GPS data as soon as GPS receiver was in range.
Figure 4: GPS Data

Table 1: Identifier and Description of the GPS
CE 2.3.2 My major Engineering skills or knowledge that are applied in this work
I had used my knowledge for micro controller and wireless devices. Moreover, I have
also used IoT knowledge for making the wearable a proper one. For the coding part, I used
my core knowledge of C programming language to ensure that the security system is proper.
CE 2.3.3 Execution of the work and Tasks Accomplished
For successful execution, I considered the commands for the work.

I had to complete the architecture of the smart security system by including
ATmega328P micro controller. The pin configuration is given below:
Figure 5: Pin Configuration of Arduino Uno Microcontroller
I have used C programming language for completing the coding part of the project
work and have gained proper results from the work. The designed project is given below:

Figure 6: Designed Smart Security System
CE 2.3.4 Identified issue with its solution
2.3.4.1 Issue in this project
The most significant process issue met in the work was while selecting the platform
for my project work. Previously, I had selected PIC for the work; however, while testing the
project work, I checked that the results were inaccurate. As a result, my work was getting
overdue.
2.3.4.2 Solution to the Identified Technical Difficulty

To resolve the struggle of platform selection, I decided to take proper steps. I changed
the micro controller to Arduino Uno. It is based on the ATmega328P and it consisted of
fourteen digitalized input output pins, six analog pins, 1 power jack, 1 reset button, a USB
connection, a 16 MHz quartz crystal as well as an ICSP header. I checked that it is perfect for
my project and hence became successful in executing this work.
CE 2.3.5 Unique Plan made to provide innovative or creative works
To obtain outstanding results from the work, I undertook the major decision to create
a specific planning even before initiating my section of work. I did the research works
properly to analyze the results properly and also design the security system in such a manner
that child is ensured.
CE 2.3.6 Work Collaborations
I and my three members had to collaborate to complete this work. We efficiently
made the design, so that the vital band has a simple and light weight design; hence suitable
for all children.
CE 2.4 Overall Reviewing of this Project
CE 2.4.1 Overviewing of this work
We made the work of designing a smart security system, after inclusion of different
parameters and aspects related to child safety. I have used Arduino microcontroller for the
work and have used Bluetooth 4.1 module for making this work an operative one. Moreover,
I have applied C programming for the coding part.

CE 2.4.2 My Major Contributions
Being a team member, I have designed the smart security system with Arduino and
Bluetooth 4.1. I have a compacted design to the system and have solved the issue faced in the
work.