Project Closure Blog: Smart Speakers in Mobile Technology - Analysis

This project closure blog examines the development and impact of smart speakers, particularly in mobile technology. The blog outlines the research's rationale, focusing on the benefits of smart speakers, including their functionalities, and the investigation of approaches to enhance project performance. It explores the conceptual framework, which includes OSGi-based mobile service models, offloading frameworks, container-based solutions, and performance/energy-based application models. The blog discusses the methodologies used, including data collection, system design, and ethical considerations. It also reviews relevant literature, analyzes the value of project documentation, and outlines key principles for project evaluation. The blog concludes with a project plan and a bibliography of cited sources. The project focuses on how smart speakers can be used to cast audio and video from the speakers directly to TV screens and manage additional smart home connected gadgets.

Running head: PROJECT CLOSURE BLOG
Project Closure Blog
(Smart speakers)
Name of the student:
Name of the university:
Author Note

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Table of Contents
Introduction:..........................................................................................................................................2
Reason behind the Research:.................................................................................................................2
The Conceptual Framework:.................................................................................................................3
OSGi-Based Mobile service model:..................................................................................................4
Offloading framework:......................................................................................................................4
Container based solutions:.................................................................................................................5
Performance based energy application model:..................................................................................6
The discussion from the prior reviewed literatures:..............................................................................8
Evaluation of the Value of the Project Documentation:......................................................................11
Key principles in the mobile smart speaker project evaluation:......................................................12
Methodology:.......................................................................................................................................13
Data collection: System design methods:........................................................................................13
Ethical Guidelines:...........................................................................................................................13
Compliances required:.....................................................................................................................14
Data analysis:...................................................................................................................................14
Project Plan:.....................................................................................................................................14
Conclusion:..........................................................................................................................................15
Bibliography:.......................................................................................................................................16

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Project Closure Blog
Introduction:
The smart speaker is the kind of smart device and wireless speaker. It has been utilizing the
Wi-Fi, Bluetooth and the other standards for extending the usage beyond the audio pack. This has
been including the features like compatibility. This has been taking place around various services
and platforms. The purposes of this are the wireless delivery of the audio content from the media
library of the users. This might take place on various platforms and from the online services of
music.
The following Capstone project has considered the smart speakers in mobile phones. This
closure blog report includes the conceptual framework, reason behind the project, methodology and
the plan.
Reason behind the Research:
The primary cause for this development of the project is to understand the effect and benefits
of smart speakers along with the services and functionalities. Apart from this, the research has alone
aimed in investigating the effective approaches providing performance to develop the project
measures.
Moreover, beyond the risk to wind up the unwanted items to be delivered to the front door,
there has been a debate regarding how a home has been private with the voice-activated microphone
that has been recording the voices of people. The potential dangers for this kind of technology and

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devices have been powering the hackers to find and exploit the flaws in the coding. Additionally, the
online privacy has been the issue of hot-button.
The voice-activated smart speakers have been collecting huge hype. The research would also
help to seek attention of the companies to consider the Artificial Intelligence at the new level. For
example the Google being a search giant has always being utilizing its “Ok Google” options. They
have also been also been integrating the AI in every possible ways to the services. This has been
doing great for the company.
The research is also meant to analyze the ways in which the users could cast audio and video
from the speakers, directly to their TV screens. Moreover it should be holding the capability to
manage the additional smart home connected gadgets. For instance one of the significant elements
that have been standing the Google Home apart from the competitors has been its ability to
recognize the context where the queries are asked. Google has been ultimately managing to reach
there. Thus the research must help the users to ask the relevant queries instead of getting into the
same details repeatedly.
Again to support the research aims, the instance of Google and Apple could be taken. They
have been one of the initial players who have been introducing the digital assistants and AI at the
marketplace. Despite all this they were not been the first one who have put then as the smart
speakers. It was Amazon emerged with the concept of smart speakers despite having lesser
experience in the area of AI. The Amazon has integrated their Alexa digital assistant to the Echo
smart speaker line-up.

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The Conceptual Framework:
The following diagram is displaying the conceptual framework needed to manage the
research work development regarding the smart speakers. The system is demonstrating the four
important sectors involved within the mobile technology of smart speakers. These approaches are the
container based solutions, offloading framework, OSGi-Based Mobile service model and the
Performance and energy based application model of development. The approaches have been aiming
to find the effective methods that have been useful to decrease the challenges regarding smart
speaker technologies.
OSGi-Based Mobile service model:
The OSGI based mobile model, also known as the MCC-OSGi could run on the ad hoc
mobile cloud computing paradigms and infrastructure based. Here the there are the convenient
purposely-built APIs that ate created for audio services beyond the MapReduce architecture. They
have been in high demand by the audio application developers. Thus this area is needed to get
further researched.
Offloading framework:
There are three questions that are asked here. The first one is what to offload. Here prior to
the offloading, the programs are required to get partitioned. Then there is the determining of when to
offload. The applications have various necessities on the performance and the mobile devices. They
have various capacities and the energy concerns. The offloading decisions are required to be created
on the basis of various targeted goals. This includes the saving of energy and reducing the network
overhead. Lastly it is to be determined that how to overload. Here the developing of the
virtualization and developing mobile computing technologies have been providing a secure,
manageable, flexible and powerful platform for offloading. The mobile computing has been using

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the computational power of the cloud centers through offloading the burden of the individual server
nodes of mobile computing.
The current computational offloading frameworks have been implementing the
computational offloading at various granularity levels. This includes the task levels, methods, thread,
bundle, component, class and object. The other frameworks have been using the offloading to
transfer the complete module of that application.
Container based solutions:
The container based solutions or containerization or the container based application and
virtualization containerization is a virtualization method at the Operating System level. This is to
deploy and run the distributed applications. This is done without launching the complete
virtualization method for every application. Rather that this is contains, the multiple isolated systems
have been run on the single control host and then access the single kernel. As the containers have
been sharing the similar OS kernel as the hosts, they have been more efficient ones. They have been
holding the components needed to run the expected software like the libraries, environment variables
and files. The host OS has also been constraining the access of the container to the physical
resources like the memory and CPU. Hence any single container is unable to consume every
physical resource of the hosts.
The containerization has achieved the prominence with the open source Docker. This
developed the method to provide the containers with more effective portability. This has been
allowing them to go among any system sharing the host OS type without any need of changes in
code. With the Docker containers, there have been no guest environment variables of the OS or any
dependencies of library to get controlled. The proponents of the containerization has been pointing
to achieve the efficiency in the CPU, storages and the memory as the primary advantages of this

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approach as contras6ted with the conventional virtualization. The containerization has been
improving the performance since there has been just on OS controlling the hardware calls.
The primary factor in the interest in the containers has been that they could be generated
much quicker than the instances that are hypervisor-based. It has been making a much more agile
scenario and the facilitating new approaches. This includes the continuous integration and micros-
services and the delivery.
However an effective disadvantage of the containerization has been the lack of isolation from
the host operating system. As the containers has been sharing the host operating systems, the threats
of security has been the simpler access to the complete system as compared to the virtualization that
has been hypervisor based. The approach is to address the concern of security for creating the
containers from within the OS. This ensures as any security breach takes place in the container level,
the attacker could only achieve the access to the OS. Lastly other primary drawback of
containerization has been that every container should utilize the similar OS as the basic OS. For
instance the container generated on the host of Linux could run the instance of the Windows Server
Operating System or the applications. These are designed to run over the Windows Server.
Performance based energy application model:
Although with the powerful hardware in the parallel execution, it has been hard to enhance
the application performance. This also includes the reduction of energy consumption instead of
realizing the performance bottlenecks of the parallel programs in the GPU architectures. For helping
the programmers to possess a better view in the energy saving and performance bottlenecks if the
parallel applications on the GPU architecture, the research proposes a couple of models. The first
one is the prediction model of the execution time and the next one is the prediction model of the
energy consumption. The execution time prediction model has the ability to estimate the execution

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OSGi-Based Mobile
service model
Offloading framework
Container based
solutions
Performance and energy
based application model
Energy efficient approachesThe mobile smart speakers
time of the huge parallel programs that take the threat level and the instruction level parallelism into
the consideration. The model has comprised of two components. The computation sub-model and
the memory sub-model. The memory sub-model has been estimating the expense of the memory
instructions through considering the various active threads and the memory bandwidth of GPU.
Figure 1: “The conceptual Framework”
(Source: Created by Author)

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The discussion from the prior reviewed literatures:
“Careless, J. (2017, Jun 21). Bringing back the preset buttons. Radio World, 41, 1-1,3. Retrieved
from https://search-proquest-com.ezproxy.csu.edu.au/docview/1917279708?accountid=10344”
The Amazon Echo Internet has been able to connect different smart speakers sold to United
States. According to the article this type of smart speakers are controlled by voice commands. This is
done by the software of Alexa Voice identification. To tell Alexa to enable the B100 before the
B100 Alexa Skill is launched. However this might not perform well.
“European patent office publishes NXP BV's patent application for smart passive speaker drive.
(2015, Oct 15). Global IP News.Electronics Patent NewsRetrieved from https://search-proquest-
com.ezproxy.csu.edu.au/docview/1722201429?accountid=10344”
This journal has analyzed the patent here. It has been published about the application that has
been submitted by the NXP BV. Further, the article mentions that this circuit embedded within is
kept open. Then the board is placed beyond the grille and this has been in front of the speaker.
Further, there has been no need to worry for the users about the tripping over and hiding wires. It has
been one of the important advantages to the system as described here.
“Gensler, Andy. "John MacFarlane: CEO, Sonos: the 'smart speaker' chief on teaming up with Apple
Music and why being called an idiot can change one's outlook." Billboard, 19 Mar. 2016, p. 18+.
Expanded Academic ASAP, go.galegroup.com.ezproxy.csu.edu.au/ps/i.do?
p=EAIM&sw=w&u=csu_au&v=2.1&it=r&id=GALE
%7CA447285532&asid=cc09fb1d3297a85bed741c39959310a8. Accessed 30 Aug. 2017.”

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The study has been identifying that the largest issue to generate any “Form of The Desk of
Future” has been that the CEO has not been having anyone. The article states that the unorthodox
approach of the CEO includes the free pilsnener on the top. There are created by the employees all
around the office. However the article reveals that the most promising days have been emerging in
the company. Lastly the article has helped to understand that the business must turn out to be larger
than its previous states.
“Leventhal robert D obtains patent for portable bluetooth speaker system for smart phones. (2016,
Jun 14). Global IP News.Electronics Patent NewsRetrieved from https://search-proquest-
com.ezproxy.csu.edu.au/docview/1796667739?accountid=10344”
Here an example of the Leventhal Rovert D is chosen. The patent for the Bluetooth speaker
systems for the smart phones is obtained here that has been portable in nature. Further, the system is
connected to the Smartphone via the Bluetooth. It has been done to amplify the sound quality from
the mobiles. Despite all these the author has not though about the security problems. Like all other
home applications, this system is also prone to external attack. However the study is helpful if any
successful experience for the users is required to be created.
“M. Berkhout, L. Dooper and B. Krabbenborg, "A 4Ω 2.65W Class-D Audio Amplifier With
Embedded DC-DC Boost Converter, Current Sensing ADC and DSP for Adaptive Speaker
Protection," in IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits, vol. 48, no. 12, pp. 2952-2961, Dec.
2013.URL: http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?
tp=&arnumber=6644326&isnumber=6671390”
The above research has efficiently mentioned about the Smartphone computers and the
tablets. These have triggered the revolution in the way in which the phones are used. Moreover, the
architecture of the smart speaker along with the tools to secure those speakers is described here.

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Apart from this the author has represented the DC-DC boost convertors. This is done through the
digital feedback and the feed forward control. Ultimately the author shows the experimental results.
The study has been also helpful in analyzing the technological advances from the previous year
leading to outstanding developments.
“Moen to serve as sponsor and speaker at smart kitchen summit. (2015). Entertainment Close -
Up, Retrieved from https://search-proquest-com.ezproxy.csu.edu.au/docview/1719886033?
accountid=10344”
Here a releasing event regarding the “speaker at the smart kitchen summit” is described. This
is done from the view-points of the “Next-market”. Here the usefulness of the digital home has been
the reviewed in details by Moen. He is the senior director at the “Consumer and Market Insights”.
The investigation is done for many years. The investigation not only includes the way ho where the
consumers need to interact with the smart items. It has also resolved the manner they could like to
watch the technology. Apart from this it could be denied that he has been providing various
accessories like the residential apps.
“NXP BV gets patent for smart passive speaker drive. (2016, Apr 19). Global IP News.Electronics
Patent News Retrieved from https://search-proquest-com.ezproxy.csu.edu.au/docview/1781766524?
accountid=10344”
This study has analyzed the circuit section of the mobile devices by the NXP BV. This
includes the smart passive speaker drivers. Further the article reveals that the circuit inside has been
kept private. The circuit has also constituted the substrate for the indirect input sensors. Moreover,
this has detected the elements of the nearby surroundings.

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“O'keeffe james thomas submits united states patent application for smart speaker with
multifunctional faceplate and local environment sensing. (2016, Oct 20). Global IP News.Electronics
Patent News Retrieved from https://search-proquest-com.ezproxy.csu.edu.au/docview/1830486229?
accountid=10344”
Here some of the embodiments of the smart speakers are mentioned. This has been including
the housing of the speaker grille section, circuit board and the speaker. This has been including some
indirect speakers for inputs. The study has analyzed how the items and its necessities. Despite all
this, the article has not considered the privacy issues about the smart speakers. However it is helpful
to view further regarding the capturing of the advent of smart home marker along with its
capabilities worldwide.
“Singing machine unveils home, smart bluetooth speaker. (2013). Entertainment Close -
Up, Retrieved from https://search-proquest-com.ezproxy.csu.edu.au/docview/1442049244?
accountid=10344”
Here the example of the at-home karaoke is taken that has been very popular worldwide. The
article mentions that many companies in the global market have been responding very slowly to its
changes. The new models have been boxy in nature and huge with different kinds of knobs.
However this article also overlooked the various security concerns. Same as other home apps, it has
been also prone to external attack. However the article is useful to identify the benefits of the at-
home karaoke in the present marketplace.
Evaluation of the Value of the Project Documentation:
The smart speakers have been adhering to the internally established practices to get
evaluated. This indicates that responsible officials and managers must assure the project evaluations