Cloud Privacy and Security: Implications of Smart Sensor Network

This report delves into the critical aspects of cloud privacy and security, examining the implications of smart city initiatives, particularly focusing on the Australian Smart State Plan. The analysis begins by exploring the personal and ethical implications of a government-implemented smart sensor network, assessing how different categories of people are affected. The report then discusses the ethical considerations of smart Wi-Fi networks, including the impact on user privacy and the potential for unauthorized access. A significant portion is dedicated to the role of digital identity in maintaining privacy, followed by an examination of the security and privacy issues associated with digital identity within the operating environment of mobile devices. The study draws upon the Singapore Smart Nation Plan as a point of reference and incorporates discussions on data protection principles, virtual private networks, and other security measures. The report highlights the growing importance of understanding and mitigating cybercrime risks in the cloud, emphasizing the need for robust security protocols and ethical considerations in the deployment of smart technologies.

Running head: CLOUD PRIVACY AND SECURITY
CLOUD PRIVACY AND SECURITY
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Table of Contents
Introduction..........................................................................................................................2
Discussion............................................................................................................................3
The personal and ethical implication of privacy of Government Sensor Network.........3
Personal and ethical implication of smart Wi-Fi network...............................................5
Use of digital identity for maintaining privacy................................................................7
Security and privacy of digital identity during operation mobile device........................9
Conclusion.........................................................................................................................10
References..........................................................................................................................12

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Introduction
Cloud services are considered to be attractive to various business as it flexible and cost-
effective. But the adaptation of this technology results in various security issues (van den
Nouwelant et al., 2015). Criminals also consider cloud services as an attack on various targets
which can easily bring a large amount of data. The first step in increasing security is to properly
understand the various elements of the attack. Another benefit which can be obtained is that it
helps to defend against a new type of attack if and only if past attacks are known. After that
another step can be taken for managing cloud services the s to easily quantify and access the
given the risk. Smart city can be considered as a well-know term which can be used for
providing a description of the compound system which is integrated to operate in various urban
regions. Smart cities are considered as an organization with its citizen as employees (Hooper,
Giles-Corti & Knuiman, 2014). There is a growing demand for smart cities in the near future
which can easily forecast and manage the urban flows. Urban development and growth of cities
have turned these cities towards various technology. Smart cities in Australian cities make use of
different ICT (Information and Communication Technology). Cities are now changing digital
cities into smart cities which are considered to be more technology oriented.
In the coming pages of the report, an idea has been provided regarding the
implementation of the Australian Smart national plan in Singapore. After that, a discussion has
been a government plan which is used for deploying Smart Wi-Fi. The smart plan for the device
will check the fact citizen are identified properly both physically and electronically. A discussion
has been provided on the fact that digital identity will help in maintaining privacy. The last
section of the report deals with security and privacy issue of digital identity regarding the
operating environment of the device.

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Discussion
The personal and ethical implication of privacy of Government Sensor Network
Cities are now changing digital cities or intelligent cities which are making use of
technology (Young & Grant, 2015). A city is termed as a smart city when various elements are
properly instrumented, self-repairing, learning. Section of the infrastructure and various facilities
are connected and optimized by making use of ICT to easily deliver services to the citizen.
Challenges involved in various phases like planning, the operation of cities are more encouraging
for a large number of process. Professional across various domains like constructing, information
technology is required for proper understanding of stakeholders and the method used for
engaging them. The information system has become very relevant in an urban environment
which creates opportunities for capturing information (Yigitcanlar et al., 2017). Water is
considered to be an essential element for a living and various people around the globe are
wasting it. Water needs to be transported efficiently and an intelligent system should be there
which will help in ensuring the quality of water. Currently used pipes in Singapore is not as
much as intelligent as treat faults in pipes. Smart cities are making use of sensory-based
technology.
All the category of people will be affected by the implementation of a Smart Sensor
Network plan. It will benefit a large number of people of the society. Smart sensors at a various
location like a bus stop and rubbish bins will help them in carrying out their day to day activities
in the much easier way. With the help of sensor implementation, people can easily schedule their
day to day in a better way like keeping track of the time schedule of buses on their mobile phone.
With the help of growth technology, the city can be administering to find out faults
before any kind of loss. To have a peaceful and healthy living the environment should be

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monitored on a regular interval. When an individual has a good quality of air he can easily live a
blissful life (Uribe-Pérez et al., 2016). Sensors should be implemented at a different location like
parks and other places which are used for monitoring air quality and weather. Any kind of
upcoming epidemics can be easily calculated with the help of combining data from various
sensors. In many cases, it is seen that smart sensors can easily safeguard one’s life and can also
act like a guardian. A major problem is encountered in proper data analysis and its transmission
by different nodes and post analysis of data. IoT makes use of data which is used for collection
and analysis. Sensors placed at different region of city can be easily connected to cloud and it
can be done through large number of ways. Data processing would in the cloud can be done with
the help of certain rules and protocols. Wi-Fi is considered as the default medium which is used
for establishing a connection. It generally carriers almost half of the internet traffic and almost 10
times traffic than cellular. It can be considered to be crucial factor which is used for development
more specially in certain regions like cities and business which has been increasing in last few
years (Scarborough et al., 2015). The new era of smart cities has been creating connectivity
which is easily accessible and reliable. Urban setting has resulted in certain number of challenges
which is used for completing the thing used for broader network and internet. In most of the
cases Wi-Fi is encountered as a method which is used for connecting internet and advancement
of Wi-Fi-based technology which has been kept on promises. Wi-Fi users easily ensure the fact
that they have optimal connected experience regarding the device location. Old design of
building is mainly dependent on various things like fixed lines and copper cables (Hua, Oliphant
& Hu, 2016). Currently the Wi-Fi technology have replaced various kinds of wireless
development. Wi-Fi certified technology have grown which has resulted in accommodation of all
kinds of all kinds of function that ranges from multimedia entertainment to Wi-Fi calling (Pettit

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et al., 2015). Connectivity which is developed or provided by the help of emerging Wi-Fi
frequency below 1 GHz has been properly developed to the given range. The reach of signal will
be easily developed by materials to range signal from more materials. It is particular well-suited
for application which comes up with low data in think control and home sensors. It is considered
to be more suitable for places for smart home devices and various application which does not
require any kind of constant speed connection. This type of devices is located in harder places to
reach like kitchens or bedroom. At the other side, 60 GHz band makes easy transfer of data to
some physical obstruction (Calder, 2016). This is considered to be a best option which can be
used for replacing the various cables lines within the rooms for everything that ranges from
home entertainment to home computer networks which require high bandwidth connectivity
(Kumar, 2015). In between there are two frequency band that is 2.4 and 5 GHz bandwidth which
are considered to be common for use in multimedia and internet connection.
Personal and ethical implication of smart Wi-Fi network
In the last few years, understanding the need for the internet is considered to be vital for
various day to day work and has increased a lot. Security concern and issues related to privacy
have been raised in different regions of the world (Hu, Wu & Shih, 2015). Various privacy
experts have increased the issues of public Wi-Fi system at various places like metro, malls and
other places. Some concern is still there for various cities which are planning to easily take
advantage of Wi-Fi (Shatkin, 2014). The major kind of issue can be from the problem of
connectivity that is 4.5 billion every day. Various connected cities need to address factors which
will improve broadband availability and connection.
The use of wireless area networks has been increased in last few years like education
institutes, public places and business. 802.11 makes use of mechanism which can give security to

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data which is transmitted. With the passage of time the number of application related to wireless
technology has been increased. People can easily access the internet from location like airport
and hotels. Some kind of privacy issues comes into action when it comes to the use of public
hotspot. If a customer wants to create a website, then that individual needs to provide some data
to the developer. This ultimately leads to some kind of security issues as attack can be done by
the help of those details. Unauthorized access is considered to be main problem as there are no
other regulation to act on individual.
All the category of people will be affected by the proposed Government Smart Wi-Fi
Network. With the help of this plan, people can easily people of the city can easily internet
irrespective of their location. The plan will help people to carry out day to day activities like
checking mail and notification at any location.
Wi-Fi is required seamless connection of future which is done band of arrays for wireless
spectrum. Apart from this, cities and business are coming with a challenge to a limited wireless
access (Chiu, 2018). It is done by widespread deployment and connection to web-based location
or device. To provide protection of user data and information Australian government focus on
retaining people data. It is all about informing people about the kind of data which is collected
from them along with ensuring the fact that it is stored properly. In a matter of ISP provider
giving free service, it can lead to information of people when they log on with their email
address (Ho, 2017). Under the Act, various data protection principles should comply with
various data controllers. Along with it needs to be sure that the given information is easily given
in a lawful way. It is used in such a way that the given data is adequate and relevant in nature.
Similar to mobile phones, Wi-Fi devices come up identifier which can be used for tracking
purpose can easily result in various kinds of security issues. Tracking by making use of Wi-Fi

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Hotspot can easily result in third-party damage like stalking (Rakovic et al., 2016). For making
use of service various services need personal information which is provided by the help of
advertisement and other third parties services. E-commerce and other bodies generally depend on
internet-based services for the movement of data (Denkovski et al., 2015). The flow of data
across the borders generally allows various people to easily access the global value or range and
quality of services which is provided. It also aims in providing various kinds of benefits to
individual and business which allow the digital economy to easily grow.
While using public Wi-Fi four steps can be easily taken for securing data.
Virtual Private Network (VPN) can be considered as the best way of securing traffic.
When a connection is established between the mobile device and public Wi-Fi all the internet
traffic is sent from the computer by making use of an encrypted tunnel which is provided at the
end point (Maier & Verikoukis, 2014). The traffic can be used for securing any kind of
eavesdroppers which is there in public network. There are some kinds of software available
which can be used in a mobile phone which starts automatically when a connection is established
with Wi-Fi hotspot.
The user should not perform any kind of FTP (File transfer protocol) over the given Wi-
Fi. It can be easily avoided by making use of other protocols which transfer the data in an
unsecured way
A very common kind of attack generally requires a hacker which is needed for setting up
a public hotspot not in their own site of the hotspot. It is considered to be very much similar to
various issues in the business case (Sivaraman et al., 2015). The issues are all about the browsing
activity are easily routed with the help of the attacker’s network which can help in monitoring.

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To easily overcome this problem, the proper name of the hotspot from the business is required in
the monitoring traffic. To eathe sily avoid this problem, the proper name from the SSID hotspot
is required. Along with one point should be taken into account that two access points come up
with the same name.
Use of digital identity for maintaining privacy
Digital identity is also known as identity 2.0 has grown a lot in the last few years. It makes use of
emerging technology like Open ID, Microsoft window space. It helps in keeping a knowledge
regarding the servers of Facebook to have an idea regarding users all over the people. Digital
identity management is the very important thing which helps us in defining ourselves in the
digital world (Zeng, Pathak & Mohapatra, 2016). Everyone around the world come up with a
digital identity and it affects the people in the direct or indirect way. All action is built in a digital
world that is specifically our identity in the global profile. Traditional digital management
system helps in identifying the current digital age. It ultimately helps in identification of privacy
which helps in identifying management system. Identity risk analysis helps in getting an idea
regarding the probability in a particular transaction. Proper designing and choosing of privacy
protection identity management system help in having an idea regarding the founding principles.
In current principles, two principles are used for two core information privacy concern are used
like observability and linkability (Demetriou et al., 2017). In observability their possibility in
which an individual can easily gain information. The observer may look for parties to easily
communicating and service providing the communication. In linkability there come up with
potential which can be used for linking data with the individual as well as the potential difference
between the given data set. It can be easily used for further analysis. Proper controllability
generally requires maintaining separate context which can be used for accumulation of sensitive

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data. Identity information is generally required for keeping a track of information (Hexmoor,
2016). The most well-known principles in Fair Information principles have been adopted by the
Australian Government. The principles are widely used for collection and personal use of
information (Zou et al., 2018). Identity management system generally needs seven fair
information practices principles which are instructive in nature like:
Openness: The current system requires personal data which is known publicly along with
a description system for the main purpose. It also elaborates on the use of personal data which is
provided in the given system.
Individual participation: Right should be given an individual to easily view the various
kinds of information collected about them (Feher, 2015). Apart from this, there should be
possibly any kind of way which is used for any kind of correction and removal of data.
Limitation of Collection: Certain limits should be there for the proper collection of
personal data. Personal data should be collected in an awful and proper method.
Data Quality: Personal data should be similar to giving purpose for which it is collected
and used many times. It should comprise three parameters like accurate, timely and complete in
nature.
Finality: The proper use and disclosure of given personal data should be limited in
nature. Personal data should be used for the purpose of given time of collection (Feher, 2016). It
should not be disclosed without the consent of individual or legal authority.
Security: Personal data should be protected by proper kind of security safeguard against
loss of risk, unauthorized kind of access, destruction or modification and any kind of disclosure.

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Accountability: The personnel involved in keeping the personal data should be mainly
accountable for easily complying with various practices.
Security and privacy of digital identity during operation mobile device
There is a large number of methods which can be easily used for the protection of the
digital identity of an individual.
Credit and identity monitoring: Credit card monitoring generally requires some of the
services which can be used for saving a breach. Identity monitoring breach generally requires
proper monitoring of credit card plus monitoring of dark web of information (Grassi, Garcia &
Fenton, 2017). Some of the monitoring issues generally help an individual to over problem when
an individual is exposed to resolve various kinds of issues or problems. Credit card monitoring
service can be considered as a well-known method which can be used for protection of data.
Password: The best way to solve for password issues can be the use of password
manager like Dash lane, Norton Identity Safe. With the help of a password manager, one can
easily create a master password which is used for accessing all the password (Hooper, Giles-
Corti & Knuiman, 2014). It will merely auto-fill forms from website allowing a citizen to copy/
paste the thing as per requirement. Password manager generally generates and manages a
different 16-digit complex password given for each requirement. It generally stores the secret
kind of information which is required for making a full-featured digital wallet. It helps in copy
and pasting values along with strong encryption. Generally, two kinds of time are required for
creating a complex password that one for less secure sites and the second one is for sites which
must be secure in nature.

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Phishing and Social Engineering: Phishing fraud generally requires the involvement of
a fraudster to give the information (Young & Grant, 2015). A fraudster can easily ask for
personal information by phone or email linked with attachment. The best to get defense from this
kind of attack is to educate an individual on regular basis.
Back up of important data on regular basis: Whenever a ransomware attack takes
place; victims can easily get an idea that they could have protected themselves by keeping a back
up of data (Yigitcanlar et al., 2017). Now if an attacker gets the access to a system then the
additional kind of data can be easily restored from backup. Important data should be backup
regularly by IT providers for ensuring that all the vital information is stored securely in the data
centers.
Conclusion
From the above discussion, it can be easily concluded that this report is all about
Implementation of smart plan. Australian State Government plan has recently reviewed
Singapore government plan and has decided to implement their own Smart State plan. The smart
state plan mainly comprises of network smart sensors and camera at various places like a bus
stop, rubbish bins in CBD. It helps in easy monitoring the behavior of citizen along with
addressing the street crime. In the above pages of the report, four aspects have been discussed in
details like smart sensors, Wi-Fi hotspot, digital identity and security and privacy controls. The
personal and ethical implication of privacy for Government smart sensors has been discussed in
details. In this, three important aspects like the category of people affected, changes in behavior,
changes in individual behavior has been discussed. After that Government plan for deployment
of Wi-Fi hotspots which mainly ensures a series of networks is deployed throughout the city.
After that personal and ethical implication of privacy for given government plan has been