BABM Year 1 MIS Coursework: SmSiHealth Digital Healthcare

This report presents an analysis of SmSiHealth, a private healthcare service, and its digital transformation journey. The report begins by outlining the business structure of SmSiHealth, which includes a hospital and a medical center, and the challenges it faces due to rapid growth and increased patient demand. The primary challenge identified is the increasing pressure on staff and medical processes, impacting patient care. The report then proposes Information System (IS) solutions to address these challenges, recommending the implementation of a medical practice management system and a clinical decision support system. These systems aim to digitize administrative tasks, reduce staff burden, and improve patient care through efficient data management and informed decision-making. The report justifies the recommendations, discusses the potential impacts and drawbacks of the proposed systems, and addresses ethical and cybersecurity considerations associated with the implementation of these technologies. The report also covers ethical issues related to data privacy and security, and suggests measures to ensure compliance. Ultimately, the report provides a comprehensive overview of how SmSiHealth can leverage information systems to improve its operations, enhance patient care, and achieve its goal of becoming a paperless, scriptless, chartless, and filmless organization.

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Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................1
Business of SmSiHealth medical centre.................................................................................1
Challenge faced by SmiHealth...............................................................................................2
Information Systems solutions...............................................................................................3
Ethical and moral compliance................................................................................................5
Cyber security threats and Safeguards...................................................................................6
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................7
REFRENCES...................................................................................................................................8

INTRODUCTION
Integrated components used for storage and processing data and help in converting raw data into
useful information with the help of analysis. Every industry is using information system to build
digital workplace, complete and manage daily business operations effectively. The healthcare
industry is not an exception and health information are being used at health service firms all over
the globe to manage healthcare data and assist in healthcare policy decision making. The present
report aims to provide IS solution for the challenges faced by SmSiHealth services which is
privately held medical centre founded in the year 2010. In addition to this business structure of
SmSiHealth healthcare services are determined in this report. Ethical and social issues related to
identified Information systems are recognised in this report along with actions to be ethically and
socially compliant. Cyber security threats and safety precautions related to the information
system are given in this report.
MAIN BODY
Business of SmSiHealth medical centre
SmSiHealth operates in the healthcare industry and provides medical care to patients. The
hospital has an occupancy of 500 beds which are used to admit patients in need for 24/7 nursing
and medical care. The medical centre at SmSiHealth is the place where the medical staff from
different medical branches of the firm practice an offer their services to patients. In addition to
this the respective medical centre hosts a pharmacy, lab service centre and radiology service
centre. The firms earns profits from the fees given by admitted patients, charges for patients visit
and patients who utilises medical services provided by staff such as pharmacy products,
radiology tests, blood tests and others.
SmSiHealth primarily provides professional medical care to consumers through the
medical centre and Hospital. Patients can visit doctors and medical staff from various medical
fields such as cardiologist, paediatrician, gynaecologist dermatologist and many others. In
addition to this, the Hospital at SmSiHealth provides ER and surgical services to their patients
along with holistic care to service users which require daily medical surveillance. The radiology
centre and laboratory provide clinical services which aid in diagnosis and treatment of the patient
for some charges The pharmacy store at SmSiHealth sells medicines and medical devices to
patients such as Blood Pressure Monitor and Digital thermometer.
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Business firms in the healthcare industry adopt various types of organisational structure
for their medical organisation which includes functional, hierarchical, matrix and divisional
organisational structure. These organisational structures are described below:
 Functional organisational structure: Under this organisational structure employees are
grouped in departments on the basis of skills and expertise (Ramanadham, 2019). Each
department has functional manager and flow of information is vertical from functional
manager to senior management.
 Divisional Organisational structure: Employees are part of various divisions under this
organisational structure which focus on specific products or region. Each division has
certain level of autonomy with decentralisation of power to each divisional unit.
 Matrix organisational structure: This organisational structure is highly popular in the
healthcare industry as it involves two reporting structures. This complex organisational
structure enables the firm to utilise wide range of skills and talents (Steyn, 2020)..
 Hierarchical organisational structure: This organisational structure involves creation of
chain of command from senior management to lower level staff. Every entity in the firm
is subordinate to single entity.
The Organisational structure adopted by SmSiHealth medical centre is matric organisational
structure. The justification for adoption of this organisational structure is that it enables the firm
to utilise skills and talents across different medical branches and radiology to provide best care
and treatment to the patient.
Challenge faced by SmiHealth
SmiHealth has seen rapid growth in the number of patients arriving daily at the Hospital
for medical visitation and admission at the hospital since it’s creation in the year 2010. This has
increased pressure on staff members and medical process. This burden is starting to negatively
affect medical care given to the patients visiting medical specialists or admitted at the hospital
for treatment.
This is the main challenge faced by the healthcare facility, increasing burden on healthcare
staff and medical process. This challenge has impacted various aspects of business, primary of
which is the attention given by medical professional to each patient due to burden of paperwork
and record keeping in addition to the responsibilities of providing effective patient care. This
affects quality of care provided to patients.
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The establishment needs to reduce burden of staff immediately because low quality patient
care not only affects daily business operations negatively but is also against the moral duty
acknowledged by healthcare firms which is to provide best treatment and care to patient.
Adoption of effective information system can help the company reduce burden from employees.
Information systems can be used by the company to digitise various processes. This will reduce
burden of data management on staff members and free them to focus on patient care.
Information Systems solutions
Health information systems are defined as type of information systems specifically constructed
for managing healthcare data. There are various kinds of healthcare systems which are used by
healthcare systems. In order to identify appropriate healthcare information systems to solve
challenge faced by SmSiHealth, the purpose of each healthcare information system needs to be
considered. As each healthcare information has different purpose, selection of a IS which does
not eliminate challenge while also elevating performance at the respective medical centre will
yield ineffective results (Bawack and Kamdjoug, 2018). The main concern during identification
of suitable healthcare system is the ability of healthcare system to initiate paperless healthcare
operations ate every level and elevate performance of the hospital so that better care and
attention is given to every patient.
The information systems recommended for the respective medical centre are Clinical
decision support systems and medical practice management systems. If SmSiHealth utilises both
of the information systems, the establishment will be able to effectively complete daily
administrative tasks easily, reduce burden on staff members, digitize administrative, financial
and legal operations to create a paperless business organisation. In addition to this the firm will
be able to use the clinical decision support system to assist staff members in daily medical duties
and ensure that effective care is given to each service user.
The first recommended healthcare system selected for the respective firm is medical
practice management system. Medical practice management system is used by business firms in
the healthcare industry to complete various administrative and financial activities along with
organized storage of consumer data (Kumar and et. al., 2020). The tasks completed with the help
of medical practice management system include appointment scheduling, organized storage of
consumer data, billing and claims processing and arranging data related to daily clinical
performance.
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The second recommendation for information system which can be used by SmSiHealth is
Clinical decision Support system. This system is assists medical staff during patient
improvement and the respective business firm can enhance performance of the firm with the help
of this information system. Clinical decision support system provides variety of tools which can
be used by medical staff to enhance decision making (Mager, 2019). Computer generated notices
to caregivers and patients about their appointment, order sets specific to patient medical
conditions, documentation samples, assistance in patient diagnose, detailed patient reports, brief
description of treatment process and information about medical guidelines. This information is
used by staff members at medical facilities to aid decision making process and provide effective
care pre-diagnoses, post-diagnosis and post diagnosis stages of medical treatment.
Justification for Information systems recommendations
The purpose of Practice management information system is to effectively manage
and store clinical data about patients, staff members and daily medical operations (Marins and et.
al., 2017). The justification behind recommendation system is that this information system
because usage of this software automates various administrative tasks which the staff at
SmSiHealth have to complete manually. This includes preparation of appointment schedules,
Store and organise detailed information about patients in an effective way. The company can
also prepare digital billing statements and process claims electronically with the help of this IS.
In addition to this another benefit gained by SmSiHealth by usage of this information system
which forms the basis of recommendation is that staff member can review daily performance of
the medical centre and hospital. Medical practice management systems provide data about
efficiency of the facility which includes information such as appointments unattended by the
patients, amount of unaccountable insurance claims, speed of insurance recovery, time spent by
each staff member on clinical activity and objectives attained by the firm. This information can
be used by the respective facility to measure and review daily performance and efficiency so
performance improvements plans can be mad. Practice management system will help the
respective company effectively manage consumer data, financial transactions with patients,
insurance firms and suppliers, administrate staff members. This will reduce burden of various
manual tasks from clinical and medical staff of the firm and help them focus on patient care
while digitising various healthcare operations such as billing and record keeping. In addition to
this, the firm will be able review performance to identify ways of improvement. This will not
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eliminate the challenge of burdened staff members, digitise various tasks and assists in
continuous improvement of the establishment.
The primary purpose of Clinical decision support system is to help medical staff in giving
effective care to patients. Medical staff utilise this healthcare information system to gain
assistance in analysis and diagnosis of patient with the help of their past data (Ostropolets, Zhang
and Hripcsak, 2020). The justification behind this information system is that it enables the
medical staff recruited at the respective company to make effective decisions about patient
diagnosis by using knowledge of the CDS information system. This system will help the firm
effectively tackle challenge of burdened staff and influx of service users by assisting them in
giving quality care and attention to each patient.
Impact of recommended information systems on SmSiHealth
The adoption of Medical practice management system will have a positive impact on the
respective firm. This information system will help the company manage various administrative
and financial tasks in a digital manner. This will save time of non-medical staff recruited at the
firm so that they can provide guidance to new patients. In addition to this Medical practice
management system will provide organised digital data about patients which can be updated
easily, this will free hands of the medical staff and help them manage large number of patients
easily.
The CDS system will help the medical staff at the respective firm reach appropriate
diagnosis by using knowledge of the system. This will result in quicker and accurate diagnosis of
the patients. The medical staff at SmSiHealth will be able to provide quality care to large number
of patients and use patient data effectively.
Drawbacks of recommended Information systems
The main drawback of Medical practice management system is that it is costly and
requires high financial investment to adopt a update this Information system (Wu and Trigo,
2020). The main limitation of CDS systems is that sometimes they provide inaccurate diagnosis
which increases ineffective patient care by inexperienced medical staff.
Ethical and moral compliance
The ethical issue related with usage of practice management system is related to
maintaining anonymity of sensitive patient information from other than caregivers of the patient.
Practice management systems are maintained by IT staff. This creates an ethical issue which
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disturbs doctor-patient confidentiality. This issue can be addressed by SmSiHealth by making
sensitive client data invisible to data users other than medical staff. This will ensure that IT staff
is able to update and maintain the system without breaching doctor patient confidentiality. The
social issue associated with practice management system is related to using insurance claims. As
patients with insurance claims are able to gain easy access to various services while patients
without insurance have to arrange fees in order to gain accesses to medical services (Yamin and
Alharthi, 2020). This issue can be addressed by SmSiHealth by ensuring that each patient is able
to gain access to various services after completing initial payment.
The ethical issue associated with usage of CDS is that sometimes such systems come up
with inaccurate diagnosis due to inaccurate medical history of patient; this can lead to
inexperienced medical staff giving harmful treatment to patients. The respective company can
eliminate this threat by ensuring that CDS is being used in presence of experienced staff. The
social issue associated with this is that such systems provide continuous alert which can affect
workflow of medical staff. This issue can be managed by updating ignore relax feture in the
systems so that only selected alerts are shown to staff.
Cyber security threats and Safeguards
Medical practice management system cyber security issues and impact: Sensitive
information such as insurance detail patient health details can be hacked and leaked. These
negatively affect patient doctor confidentiality and leakage of financial details of the patient.
This affects patients ability to seek services and the ability of medical staff to provide effective
services.
Safeguards: Patient data can be protected from hacking through usage of encryption
technology (White, 2020). The respective company needs to ensure that external networks are
not able to access this information system in order to increase safety of the system.
Clinical decision support system cyber security issues and impact: The main cyber
security issue related with usage of CDS is the threat of denial of service and disturbed denial of
service attacks which lead to improper functioning of the IS. This impacts daily medical
operations and diagnosis at the respective firm.
Safeguards: The firm needs to install a firewall and ensure that CDS is not connected to
same network segments as personal devices or IoT. These devices are vulnerable to cyber-attacks
and can be used to breach protected information system such as CDS.
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CONCLUSION
From the above report it is concluded that various activities conducted in a medical centre
or any other healthcare facility can be improved with the help of information systems.
Information systems which are specifically designed to manage healthcare related data are called
healthcare information systems. In the current digital age utilisation of healthcare digital systems
is an essential step towards digitisation of any healthcare facility. This type of digitisation has
various benefits which include enhanced decision making and removal of burden from employee
related to data storage and management. Information systems such as Electronic medical record
and Clinical decision system help healthcare firms effectively store patient data and use the data
during patient treatment. This not helps the firm become paperless but also helps in improving
medical care provided to the service user. Healthcare systems needs to be aware of various moral
and ethical compliances related with information system. Apart from this it is important for
healthcare firms to identify cyber security threats and take preventive measures to safeguard
sensitive data of patients.
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REFRENCES
Bawack, R. E. and Kamdjoug, J. R. K., 2018. Adequacy of UTAUT in clinician adoption of
health information systems in developing countries: The case of Cameroon. International journal
of medical informatics, 109. pp.15-22.
Kumar and et. al., 2020. “Context” in healthcare information technology resistance: A systematic
review of extant literature and agenda for future research. International Journal of Information
Management, 51. p.102044.
Mager, N. A. D., 2019. The critical need for clinical decision support systems for identification
and management of teratogenic medications. Journal of the American Pharmacists
Association, 59(2). pp.S18-S20.
Marins and et. al., 2017, April. An agent-based RFID monitoring system for healthcare. In World
Conference on Information Systems and Technologies (pp. 407-416). Springer, Cham.
Ostropolets, A., Zhang, L. and Hripcsak, G., 2020. A scoping review of clinical decision support
tools that generate new knowledge to support decision making in real time. Journal of the
American Medical Informatics Association, 27(12). pp.1968-1976.
Ramanadham, V. V. ed., 2019. Public enterprise: studies in organisational structure. Routledge.
Steyn, R., 2020. Leadership Styles and Organisational Structure. International Journal of Human
Resource Studies, 10(3). pp.98116-98116.
White, G., 2020. Crime Dot Com: From Viruses to Vote Rigging, How Hacking Went Global.
Reaktion Books.
Wu, Z. and Trigo, V., 2020. Impact of information system integration on the healthcare
management and medical services. International Journal of Healthcare Management, pp.1-9.
Yamin, M. and Alharthi, S., 2020. Measuring impact of healthcare information systems in
administration and operational management. International Journal of Information
Technology, 12(3). pp.767-774.
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