Research Methods: Social Media Impact Annotated Bibliography

This assignment presents an annotated bibliography focusing on the impact of social media. It includes detailed analyses of three research articles. The first article explores the correlation between social media addiction, self-esteem, and life satisfaction among university students, highlighting the negative impact of addiction on self-esteem. The second examines the benefits and costs of social media use in adolescence, noting both positive aspects like increased self-esteem and negative impacts such as cyberbullying and depression. The third article investigates the utilization of social media in business-to-business relationships, identifying barriers to adoption such as lack of know-how and resources. Each annotation includes a reference in IEEE style, the search terms used to find the article, an assessment of whether the article was peer-reviewed, information about the author's expertise, a summary of the article's content, and a reflection on its relevance to the research paper. The assignment concludes by emphasizing the need for interventions to address the negative impacts of social media and promote its optimal use.

Running head: ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY
Annotated bibliography
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author note

1ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY
Hawi and Samaha (2016)
1. What is the paper’s reference in the IEEE style?
N. Hawi and M. Samaha, "The Relations Among Social Media Addiction, Self-Esteem, and Life
Satisfaction in University Students", Social Science Computer Review, vol. 35, no. 5, pp. 576-586,
2016.
2. How did you find the paper? If applicable, write a list of the search terms you used.
I found the paper by searching in the Google scholar using the search terms “social media”, “social
media impact”, “social media and university students” and “social media satisfaction” as I wanted the
information on impact of social media.
3. Was the paper peer-reviewed? Explain how you found out.
Peer reviewed paper is the one scrutinised by the researchers and the experts in the same field for
critically evacuating the content. The chosen article is from the Sage publications which only
published high quality and peer review papers.
4. Does the author(s) work in a university or a government-funded research institute? If so, which
university or research institute? If not, where do they work?
The authors work in Notre Dame University–Louaize, Lebanon, which is the non-profit catholic
institute of higher education. It is not government funded but a private university.
5. What does this tell you about their expertise? Are they an expert in the topic area?
Both the authors are P.hD holders and working in Notre Dame University–Louaize, Lebanon. The
first author is the associate professor and the second authors is assistant professor. Both have
published articles in the computers and education, computer in human behaviour. The first author has
also published arc tiles in the cyber psychology. It is indicative that both the authors have credibility to
conduct research in the area of social media. They are expert in the topic area and have used
intensive study material. The arguments, research objectives and the conclusion are in alignment.
The paper is reviewed and acknowledged by the educational specialist.

2ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY
6. What was the paper about?
The paper is about the social media addiction among the university students. According to the
research findings, the addiction to social media is negatively correlated to the self esteem. Further,
social media addiction was found to be negatively correlated with the satisfaction in life. As per
author’s analysis the addiction to social media among the university students is mediated by the self
esteem. It is argued that the concern with social media addiction will continue to grow with the
advancement of new technologies and new applications in smartphones. As per the study results this
association is found to weak but overtime the negative association may become strong. The results
implies for prevention strategies to prevent aggravation of the problem. To investigate the situation
further studies are needed to identify appropriate therapy to decrease the addiction. The research is
thus important in its contribution towards awareness among students by launching in schools, and
colleges. However, the research has been conducted among the university students and may not be
representive of whole population.
7. Is this paper similar to other papers you have read for this assignment? If so, which papers and why?
No, this paper is not similar to any paper I have read before.
8. Is this paper different to other papers you have read for this assignment? If so, which papers and
why?
This is the first paper I have read for the assignment. However, it is different from book on social
media that involves just critical introduction by C.Fuchs. It presented diverse information on social
media use. However, article is specifically focused on social media addiction.
9. What do these similarities and differences suggest? What are your observations? Do you have any
new ideas? Do you have any conclusions?
The difference in both the readings is the addiction issue being highlighted. The awareness on this
issue was very low. Reading the issue has enlightened the addiction being concern not only for the
university students but also the school student The seriousness of the issue needs to be further
explored, such as the affects of the addiction on daily life and ethical issues in the area
10. How do you envisage this reading contributing to your group’s research paper?
The reading has enhanced the knowledge of the overwhelming increase in the social media users
and its negative impact.

3ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY
Uhls, Ellison and Subrahmanyam (2017)
1. What is the paper’s reference in the IEEE style?
Y. Uhls, N. Ellison and K. Subrahmanyam, "Benefits and Costs of Social Media in
Adolescence", Pediatrics, vol. 140, no. 2, pp. S67-S70, 2017.
2. How did you find the paper? If applicable, write a list of the search terms you used.
I found the paper by searching In Google scholar using the keywords such as “social media benefits”,
“social media and adolescents”, “social media use”, “cost of social media”. The aim was to learn
about the cost of the excess use of social media and its advantages.
3. Was the paper peer-reviewed? Explain how you found out.
The paper is peer reviewed as it belongs to journal of American Academy of Paediatrics. As per
internet search it was found that it is one of the popular 100 most cited journals.
4. Does the author(s) work in a university or a government-funded research institute? If so, which
university or research institute? If not, where do they work?
There are no such details presented by the authors in the paper and it is not evident where do they
work. Based on the quality of the research paper it is evident that the authors are researchers,
however, academic qualification cannot be traced.
5. What does this tell you about their expertise? Are they an expert in the topic area?
The authors do not seem to be expert in the field and the details in the footnotes section of the paper
highlights about the P.hD. It is not evident if P.hD is already completed or pursuing. The expertise in
this topic area is unclear, however, the authors appears to be expert in area of child and adolescent
development ad digital media.
6. What was the paper about?
The paper is about the increasing use of social media among the American adolescents and the
associated costs and benefits. According to the author the social media platform provides an
interactive platform that is compelling in nature. It is attractive for adolescents as they are attuned to
the peer relationships. The befits of social media among adolescents were found to be increased self
esteem, safe identity exploration, increased social capital, social support, and greater opportunities
for self disclosure. It has been proved to be the way to increase self presentation skills. However, the
negative impact found by the authors is the negative association of social media with depression,
exposure to inappropriate content such as alcohol and sexual content, cyber bullying and depression.
Adolescents are prone to receiving the negative online feedback and are associated with anxiety, lack
of sleep. In turn it results in motor vehicle crashes and lack of memory.
7. Is this paper similar to other papers you have read for this assignment? If so, which papers and why?

4ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY
This paper is similar to previous paper annotated for this assignment as both focused on negative
impact of social media on adolescents.
8. Is this paper different to other papers you have read for this assignment? If so, which papers and
why?
This paper is different from previous paper. The previous paper showed negative association
between the social media use and self-esteem. However, this article showed positive impact of social
media on self esteem.
9. What do these similarities and differences suggest? What are your observations? Do you have any
new ideas? Do you have any conclusions?
These similarities and differences suggest that there are more negative outcomes of social media use
among young adults and adolescents than the benefits. My idea is to determine what is known as
problematic use of social media and what the most appropriate age of using this tool is. It can be
concluded from the readings that there is a need of immediate intervention to address the negative
impact of social media
10. How do you envisage this reading contributing to your group’s research paper?
The paper has broaden the concept of the social media adversities which calls for taking precautions
and saving the younger’s from heath issues. It is high time and immediate strategies to protect people
from inappropriate social media content and help them use optimally for leveraging benefits.

5ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY
Jussila, Kärkkäinen and Aramo-Immonen (2014)
1. What is the paper’s reference in the IEEE style?
Jussila, H. Kärkkäinen and H. Aramo-Immonen, "Social media utilization in business-to-business
relationships of technology industry firms", Computers in Human Behavior, vol. 30, pp. 606-613,
2014.
2. How did you find the paper? If applicable, write a list of the search terms you used.
The article was found by searching in Google scholar using the keywords such as “social media use
in business”, “social media and business”, “social media applications” and “industry benefits and
social media”
3. Was the paper peer-reviewed? Explain how you found out.
The paper is published in Elsevier which is the major provider of the scientific information in world.
The above article is published by this giant journal publisher. It is awarded a patent for an
"online peer-review system”. Thus, the article is peer reviewed.
4. Does the author(s) work in a university or a government-funded research institute? If so, which
university or research institute? If not, where do they work?
The authors belong to the “Tampere University of Technology” and they work in the department of the
information management and logistics. It is the public university of research specialised in
architecture and technology in Finland.
5. What does this tell you about their expertise? Are they an expert in the topic area?
Based on the research paper quality, it can be said that the authors are expert in the chosen topic. It
is evident from the paper that the leading author is the expert in the field of computers in the human
behaviours. There are minimum details of the academic qualifications of the authors. Since, it is peer
reviewed article, it can be assumed that the authors are highly qualified and the research conducted
ensures credibility.
6. What was the paper about?
The paper is about the use of social media in the business to business relationships and social
challenges associated with it. According to the author, the social media use externally among
different company sizes and turnover was found similar. The results were statistically significant.
There was a positive correlation with the firm size and the use of technology. It is attributed to the
limited financial resources and cot effectiveness of social media use in marketing and promotions.
The barriers in adoption of social media for some business are the lack of knowhow, lack of

6ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY
understanding of the potential. Further, lack of resources and ability to measure the benefits of social
media in business are added barriers.
7. Is this paper similar to other papers you have read for this assignment? If so, which papers and why?
This paper is not similar from the papers read earlier for this assignment and there is no similarity.
8. Is this paper different to other papers you have read for this assignment? If so, which papers and
why?
This paper is completely different from the papers I have read earlier. The previous papers mainly
focused on the positive and negative impact of using social media in the academics, personal life,
and mental health. On the other hand this article is mainly focused on use of social media and
challenges in business to business relationships.
9. What do these similarities and differences suggest? What are your observations? Do you have any
new ideas? Do you have any conclusions?
These readings suggest that there is a huge gap between the perceived potential of social media and
the actual use in business to business relationships. However, there is no clear idea on the
possibilities of the social media in business management aspect and financial benefits. There is need
of further research to explore how social media is facilitating the business to business activities
10. How do you envisage this reading contributing to your group’s research paper?
This reading has contributed to the understanding of the importance and usage of the external social
media use in business, challenges and its relations to turnover. This may help identify or determine
any possible innovations and breakthroughs in business using the social media platform, beyond the
social networking sites.

7ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY
Dolan, Conduit, Fahy and Goodman (2017)
1. What is the paper’s reference in the IEEE style?
R. Dolan, J. Conduit, J. Fahy and S. Goodman, "Social media: communication strategies,
engagement and future research directions", International Journal of Wine Business Research, vol.
29, no. 1, pp. 2-19, 2017.
2. How did you find the paper? If applicable, write a list of the search terms you used.
I found the paper in the Google Scholar using the keywords such as social media, marketing,
business, facebook, and communication.
3. Was the paper peer-reviewed? Explain how you found out.
The paper is published by Emerald insight which is the leading independent publisher of the global
research. The selected research pauper can be called peer reviewed as Emerald is committed to
provide the peer review articles across all areas of business.
4. Does the author(s) work in a university or a government-funded research institute? If so, which
university or research institute? If not, where do they work?
The first author works in the University of Auckland in the department of marketing. The third author
work in the University of Limerick, in the department of management and marketing. It is an
independent university focused internationally on the education and research excellence. The second
author work in the University of Adelaide. Neither of the universities are the government funded
research institutes.
5. What does this tell you about their expertise? Are they an expert in the topic area?
The quality of the research paper is outstanding with results and the findings written in easily
understandable format. The arguments the findings are coherent. It can be concluded that the
authors are expert in the area. It could have been better confirmed if academic details were given.
6. What was the paper about?
The paper is about the use of social media for wine brand. The authors of the paper investigated the
brand communication strategies on Facebook using data on social media. The research is the
descriptive analysis of the 12 wine brands over one year time from Facebook insights. As per the
findings there is need for Wine producers to understand the social media strategy, and ways to
engage customers. A very low level of engagement was observed among the wine brand facebook

8ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY
users. It resulted in low engagement among the fans of the wine brand. As per the findings the
customers engagement with given brand on Facebook depends on the every hour and day brand
posts.
7. Is this paper similar to other papers you have read for this assignment? If so, which papers and
why?
The selected paper is similar to previous paper on use of social media in business to business
relationships. It is similar in the aspect of the business relationships enhancement using social media.
8. Is this paper different to other papers you have read for this assignment? If so, which papers and
why?
These papers are different from the first two selected paper of the annotated bibliography that deals
with the negative impact of social media on the adolescents and the university students. On the other
hand this article focuses mainly on the social media use and the customer engagement for business
promotions. This paper is also different from the third paper on the annotated bibliography as it mainly
dealt with the challenges faced by the businesses while using social media. On the other the present
article focuses mainly on relation of social media to customer engagement in regards to wine
producers.
9. What do these similarities and differences suggest? What are your observations? Do you have
any new ideas? Do you have any conclusions?
These finding are valuable contributions to business promotion strategies for wine producers. It is
observed from the readings that the social media is an effective tool in business marketing and
attracting the customers to particular brand.
10. How do you envisage this reading contributing to your group’s research paper?
This reading broadens the concept on how the customers can be engaged by regularly posting on
particular business Facebook page. Not updating the Facebook page of the concerned company
may fail to evoke customer’s interest band subsequently brandishing.

9ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY
. Stephen (2016)
1. What is the paper’s reference in the IEEE style?
A. Stephen, "The role of digital and social media marketing in consumer behavior", Current Opinion in
Psychology, vol. 10, pp. 17-21, 2016.
2. How did you find the paper? If applicable, write a list of the search terms you used.
I found the paper in the Google scholar by using the search terms such as social media, digital,
marketing, social media marketing, and digital marketing as I was interested in learning about social
media role in marketing.
3. Was the paper peer-reviewed? Explain how you found out.
Yes the paper is peer reviewed as it is published in the Elsevier. It is popular publisher of the peer
reviewed Journal.
4. Does the author(s) work in a university or a government-funded research institute? If so, which
university or research institute? If not, where do they work?
The paper does not inform about the work details of the author. They do not appear to be researchers
from government sponsored institutes.
5. What does this tell you about their expertise? Are they an expert in the topic area?
The author’s details are not well cited and the academic qualifications are unclear. Therefore, the
expertise in the area is questionable. However, the readers have mastered the skills to absorb the
readers. The paper demonstrates that the authors have high level of knowledge in this area.
6. What was the paper about?
The paper deals with the influence of social media in consumer decision making and impact of the
digital environments. The use of social media and digitalising has enhanced the ease of
advertisement with limited financial resources. Consumers search products online before purchasing
and compare the same with other products and brands. There is a difference in word of mouth
between offline and online media as there is higher risk perceived in the online. Using facebook
affected self control among the consumers as they are tempted to buy products with high exposure
due to smart phones and laptops. The article has presented information from multiple angles on how
consumer behaviours are related with digital and social media. The paper is well researched and the
arguments are well supported from the relevant evidences.
7. Is this paper similar to other papers you have read for this assignment? If so, which papers and why?
The paper is similar to the previous paper in this annotated bibliography as both focuses on social
media marketing for consumer engagement. However, it is not similar to rest of the papers selected.
8. Is this paper different to other papers you have read for this assignment? If so, which papers and
why?
This paper is different from the first two papers in the annotated bibliography that deal only with
negative impact of the social media on young adults in terms of academics and mental health. It is
slightly different from third paper which focused inky on business to business relationships linked to
social media use. It is also different from fourth paper that focused on the wine brand’s social media
strategies on consumer engagement.

10ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY
9. What do these similarities and differences suggest? What are your observations? Do you have any
new ideas? Do you have any conclusions?
It suggests that social media is abroad area and there is a huge scope to research may it be
business, psychology or growth and development. It is observed that social media has great role to
play in business sector. There is a need of further research in ethical issues and privacy related
problems, which are neglected in this paper.
10. How do you envisage this reading contributing to your group’s research paper?
Overall this reading has given valuable insights into impact of digital environment on the consumer
experience. The potential of this tool and awareness has increased but yet to explore the associated
challenges in this field.