Social Theory and Teenage Pregnancy: A Policy and Society Analysis

This essay explores the complex issue of teenage pregnancy through the lens of social theory and political ideology. It analyzes how government policies address social problems like inequality, exclusion, and poverty related to teenage pregnancy. The essay draws on qualitative research conducted in England to understand the decision-making processes of pregnant teenagers, considering competing values and moral frameworks. It discusses the social exclusion often associated with teenage pregnancy, including factors like low educational attainment and poverty, and emphasizes the importance of autonomous decision-making and self-management for young mothers. The essay concludes that teenage pregnancy remains a significant social problem requiring comprehensive policies that address both prevention and support.

Policy and Society

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................3
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................7
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................8

INTRODUCTION
Social policy is referred to as the policy which in turn has been significantly used within
the political as well as the governmental setting. This is mainly linked with the welfare state as
well as the study of the social service. Social policy in turn mainly comprise of the principles,
legislations, guidelines and activities which in turn largely influence the living conditions which
in turn are conducive to the human welfare and the quality of life. This study will focus on
understanding of the role of the role of social theory and political ideology and also tends to
determine how the government tends to determine the key social problems. This study also
significantly determine the issues linked with the social inequality, social inclusion and exclusion
and poverty deprivation.
MAIN BODY
Policy discussion is considered to be highly significant in evaluating the teenage sexual
behaviour which in turn has been significantly influenced on the basis of political agenda. The
key significant characteristics associated with the teenage pregnancy is linked with the sexual
activity and potential risk. The UK labour government in turn has significantly launched 10 year
teenage pregnancy strategy for the England. This is useful in effectively addressing the historic
high rates and social exclusion within the country. The teenage pregnancy policy which in turn
has been significantly introduced within England (Masilo, 2018). This is considered to be as the
significant part of the social exclusion unit. However, the historic background linked with the
policy has been significantly outlined. The policy is mainly based upon the wider framework
where the key attempt associated with the reduced degree of young people had become socially
exclusive from the society as the main result of early childbearing. However, the key emphasis
upon the policy has been significantly replaced and is considered to be useful in effectively
improving the prevention linked with the early conceptions (Teenage pregnancy policy in
England, 2005). There must be open set of communication between the children and the parents
and also through improved degree of support for the woman. The department of the health, 1992
is the significant British policy which is useful in effectively setting the the reduction by half the
rates under 16 conceptions. The teenage pregnancy policy has been effectively established
because it tends to effectively improve the key results and outcomes. It also leads to reduced
teenage pregnancy rate and helps in living a better quality of life.

The researcher of the study tends to use qualitative research methods which has been
undertaken within England between 2003 and 2009. This article in turn tends to mainly look at
the article which mainly looks at the complex set of procedure related with the individual
pregnancy decision making. This is mainly linked with the key competing values as well as the
moralities. It is significant in effectively providing high degree of insight which tends to
underlay tension within the process with the varied set of personal autonomy has been
significantly experienced. Qualitative research methods is considered to be prominent in
effectively gaining wide degree of knowledge linked with the subject matter (Bash-Taqi and
et.al., 2020). It helps in gaining descriptive of insight and is also relevant in attaining wider
degree of understanding and improving the knowledge related with the social inclusion and
exclusion of the teenage pregnancy. The qualitative research project in turn has been
significantly undertaken. The first 2 studies is mainly based on where the teenage mothers has
been significantly interviewed about the key decision in order to continue with the pregnancies.
34 young women from the broad range of the ethnic groups as well as the family backgrounds
has been significantly interviewed.
Motherhood study one: 12 young mothers who are aged between 14 years to 18 years at
the time of giving birth were interviewed.
Motherhood study two: 12 young mothers who are aged between 14 years to 18 years at
the time of giving birth were interviewed. Also, at least 5 among them had also terminated the
pregnancies.
Abortion study: 10 interviews with the young women has also terminated pregnancies.
They have been aged between 16 to 19 years at the time of termination. Among which, 2 of the
teenagers were in turn teenage mothers.
One of the key significance importance linked with the research study is that, it is
considered to be highly significant ion providing in- depth degree of understanding where large
set of information has been significantly managed and attain wider set of results and outcomes
linked with the subject topic.
Teenage pregnancy in turn is considered to be as one of the major social problem. This is
mainly associated with the social exclusions and has also made wide number of specific claims
linked with the future risk factor which is mainly associated with the teenage parenthood. The
key factors which are linked with the teenage pregnancy mainly includes low educational

attainment, poverty and poor employment (Hadley, 2017). The report in turn has significantly
aimed that the children of the teenage parents in turn are at greater risk to live life in poverty and
has sub- standard housing. Also, poor diet is also considered to be as one of the key reason
which in turn largely has led to the high degree of social problems. However, these risks tends to
conceal the vagueness and also tends to significantly manage the risk by prioritizing of the
intervention. However, one of the key area of the vagueness is the main issue related with the
teenage pregnancy. There seems to be high degree of increasing trend associated with the
teenage pregnancy . This is mainly because of the lack of knowledge.
The key policies which in turn are mainly linked with the teenage pregnancy are abortion.
This in turn has high degree of medical risk linked with the abortion which can have high degree
of negative effect upon the company. Teenage pregnancy policy as well as the sexual health
policy in turn are considered to be of utmost importance (Musili, Mwania and Mulwa, 2020).
Teenage pregnancy policy is considered to be as relevant in ensuring that there seems to be
reduced degree of teenage pregnancy within the company. This is considered to be highly
relevant in improving the health condition of the teenage and take precautionary measures in
effectively improving the health results and outcomes. In order to effectively prevent the teenage
pregnancy, it is of crucial importance that the teenagers must effectively understand the
contraceptive techniques, abstinence and consequences. There are varied set of ways which is
useful in effectively preventing the teenage pregnancy (Tua, and Banerjee, 2019). The main
cause linked with the teenage pregnancy is that, they have psychological problems, peer
influence, dysfunctional family patterns, co-ercive sexual relations socio- economic status and
poor health services.
The representation of the young mother related with the own position has been
significantly incorporated for assertion of own value framework. This in turn helps in effectively
understanding the dominant value within the society. However, positive set of constructions of
the teenage motherhood, within the face of perceived negativity is considered to be evident
within all the research studies which has been drawn upon in the article. There are large number
of participants who in turn tends to mainly focus on effectively responding and assuming high
degree of responsibility towards the parenthood (Ellis-Sloan, and Tamplin, , 2019). Self –
management is considered to be highly significant which is useful ion improving the outcomes
linked with the teenage pregnancies. It is considered to be crucial for seeking the parental care.

The person in turn must also get significantly tested for any sexually transmitted infections and
consume healthy diet. Self- management approach in turn tends to mainly comprise of eating
healthy diet and must also stay physically active. This is going to be highly beneficial for the
teenage mothers and the baby (Ngweso, Petersen, and Quinlivan, 2017). The young teenagers
in turn must also significantly focus on avoiding the use of the risky substances which in turn
could largely affect the health of the young teenager.
Autonomous decision making is considered to be of key relevance importance for the
young people because it helps in effectively considering clear set of viewpoints and also tends to
have clear degree of perspective of the risk related to the policy makers. However, teenage
parenthood or abortion are considered to be socially and morally undesirable (Balisi, and et.al.,
2019). Autonomous decision making is considered to be as the key significant process through
which it helps in having the key prominent ability to effectively recognize the main problem and
helps in taking decision in order to effectively solve the main issue linked with the teenage
pregnancy. However, respecting autonomy is considered to be significant in effectively taking
the best possible decision. This way it helps in effectively creating a sense of worth and respect.
This helps in creating high degree of capacity to make relevant decision.
The report also tends to significantly claim that, the children of the young teenage parents
tends to have high degree of risk to live in poverty (Xavier, Benoit, and Brown,, 2018). They
also tend to have sub- standard housing and also has poor diet when compared with the general
population. These risks tends to significantly claim the concealed set of vagueness. Social
exclusion is mainly linked with the prevailing set of the social system and other set of privileges
and rights. This in turn typically results in poverty and other set of belongingness to the minority
social group. Teenage pregnancy tends to cause social exclusion. The main causes associated
with the social exclusion in turn mainly includes poor physical and mental health, poverty,
limited access to the education, discrimination and disabled people. However, social exclusion
tends to result in social deprivations. On the other hand, Social inclusion is associated with the
key process to improve the participation of teenage mothers within the society.
As per the national institute of the health, there seems to be high degree of risk which in
turn is mainly linked with the premature delivery, delivery at low degree of birth rate,
preeclampsia, contraction of sexually transmitted disease and anemia (Chase, 2019). However,
the key issues which in turn are linked with the social inequality in turn mainly includes gender

inequality, income gap, social class and healthcare. However, teenage pregnancy in turn is
considered to be as the social problem. A young teenager who in turn is facing key issues
associated with the teenage pregnancy tends to face wide set of critical social issues which in
turn mainly includes poor education, risky behaviours, poverty. This in turn eventually leads to
poor degree of health issues. Also, the financial cost of teens who are pregnant in turn tends to be
financially devastating (Teenage pregnancy policy in England, 2005). A less educated
population and the under skilled workforce can negatively influence the economy and can also
makes it highly difficult for the communities to effectively break the aggressive cycle related
with the crime and poverty.
CONCLUSION
From the study it has been summarized that, The teenage pregnancy policy which in turn
has been significantly introduced within England. The Teenage pregnancy policy has been
effectively established because it leads to reduced teenage pregnancy rate and helps in living a
better quality of life. Teenage pregnancy in turn is considered to be as one of the major social
problem. The key policies which in turn are mainly linked with the teenage pregnancy are
abortion. Self – management is considered to be highly significant which is useful ion improving
the outcomes linked with the teenage pregnancies. Children of the young teenage parents tends
to have high degree of risk to live in poverty. Teenage pregnancy tends to cause social exclusion.
The researcher of the study tends to use qualitative research methods and is prominent in
effectively gaining wide degree of knowledge linked with the subject matter.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Balisi, S and et.al., 2019. A Multi-Sectorial Approach in Education for Equity, Social Inclusion
and Empowerment in Botswana.
Bash-Taqi, R and et.al., 2020. From commitment to implementation: lessons learnt from the first
National Strategy for the Reduction of Teenage Pregnancy in Sierra Leone. Sexual and
Reproductive Health Matters, 28(1), p.1818376.
Chase, E., 2019. Rethinking the marginalizing discourses around teenage pregnancy. Discourse:
Studies in the Cultural Politics of Education, 40(4), pp.560-572.
Ellis-Sloan, K. and Tamplin, A., 2019. Teenage mothers and social isolation: The role of
friendship as protection against relational exclusion. Social Policy and Society, 18(2),
pp.203-218.
Hadley, A., 2017. Teenage pregnancy and young parenthood: effective policy and practice.
Routledge.
Masilo, D.T., 2018. Development of teenage pregnancy prevention model for learners in schools
in North West Province: Implications for policy and practice considerations(Doctoral
dissertation, University of Limpopo).
Musili, E.K., Mwania, J.M. and Mulwa, D.M., 2020. Influence of school based determinants on
the implementation of the re-admission policy of girls after teenage pregnancy in public
secondary schools in Kitui county, Kenya.
Ngweso, S., Petersen, R.W. and Quinlivan, J., 2017. Birth experience of fathers in the setting of
teenage pregnancy: Are they prepared?. World Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 6(1).
Tua, A. and Banerjee, S., 2019. Social inclusion model: An adolescent parents intervention case
study for measuring social inclusion outcomes. Child Welfare, 97(3), pp.109-131.
Xavier, C., Benoit, A. and Brown, H.K., 2018. Teenage pregnancy and mental health beyond the
postpartum period: a systematic review. J Epidemiol Community Health, 72(6), pp.451-
457.
Online
Teenage pregnancy policy in England. 2005. [Online]. Available through:
<https://www.researchgate.net/publication/225679045_Teenage_pregnancy_policy_in_En
gland>