Social Policy: Beveridge Report, Welfare State and Social Impact

This essay provides an in-depth analysis of social policy, focusing on the foundational principles established by the Beveridge Report and their influence on the development of the Welfare State in the United Kingdom. It examines the core objectives of social policy, including the provision of support and services to address societal inequalities. The essay explores the historical evolution of the Welfare State, the implementation of the National Insurance Act, and the impact of social policies on various aspects of British society. It also addresses critical issues such as the 'Every Child Matters' strategy and the Immigration Health Surcharge. Furthermore, the essay investigates the role of pressure groups and ideologies in shaping social and health care policies, offering a comprehensive overview of the complexities and developments in the field of social policy.

Social Policy
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INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................3
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................8
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................8
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INTRODUCTION
Social policy aids in understanding issues within society that mainly within political and
governmental setting. Present essay has been conducted founding principles of the Welfare State
which were laid down in the Beveridge Report.
MAIN BODY
It has been identified that social policy mainly aimed towards evaluating and determining
the significant place in order to make production in equality individuals by providing them
access to support and services among social groups. In addition to this it has been identified that
social policy are mainly those policies that exist within political and governmental setting like
social services and the welfare state policies (Hantrais, 2017). Social policy mainly involves
legislations guidelines activity and principles that have significant impact upon individual
welfare living conditions as well as quality of life. Social policy plays important role in
evaluating social problems with the world or society along with their effects and causes upon
individual. With the help of implementing social policies comment aim towards providing
protection and support to individuals who are mainly considered fundable present in a society.
William Beveridge was an economist who studied in Balliol College, Oxford. He had
interest in the reasons of unemployment in the country. Beveridge was appointed as the adviser
to the Board of Trade by Churchill. He served as Director of Labour Exchanges (1909-16) and
permanent secretary of Ministry of Food (1919). He had interest in unemployment and found the
causes behind that. He recognised the problem of “wage overlap” when he was holding the
position of chairman of Unemployment Insurance Statutory Committee. He found that
unemployed men were facing issues in raising large families hence, he issued am scheme of
insurance which provided children allowances for dependent children. Beveridge considered five
evils of the society which were want, disease, ignorance, squalor and idleness. Want refers to
insufficient resources of a person not able to meet even the minimum needs. Disease was related
to the average lifespan of men and women along with a comparison among children being born
in rich and poor areas of UK. Ignorance is connected with education and literacy and the gap
identified between different EU countries. Squalor is related with housing conditions in pre-war
Britain which, according to him, is one of the main reasons for poverty. Idleness is the
relationship that has been witnessed between the wages and employment in the country.
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Government applied inverse care law ate that time for better medical services in the country
which is directly linked to population. To ensure the health system for the industrial workers,
National Insurance Act came into existence which provided employers to contribute their portion
for as a legal requirement of the Act.
One of the social policies is Welfare State which has been used for many post war British states
for their welfare. It came into existence during the time of 1940s and had the main objective of
poverty eradication. In addition to this, some other areas that were included are redistribution of
social support, tax funding, and flat rate benefits. Some of the authors and economists were of
the opinion that Beveridge’s model or theory made post-war economy decline in Britain. Some
of the other reasons for changing the ideology were Beveridge welfare state boosted corruption,
increased dependence on social support and undermining incentives work. There could be many
thing to decrease depression among people but striking a balance in economic resources together
with providing employment and equal income distribution could help fighting the phase of
depression. It has been noted that welfare makes people lazy hence, such individuals should
work for more welfare instead of just being lethargic. However, welfare should limited and those
becoming lazy on their work must be punished to give others a good example for reducing
laziness. It was also effective in making a better society.
This is a basically ordered framework of advancements in British social approach up to
1948. In addition to this, it has been evaluated that, The Poor Law mainly existed for 350 years
and records of British social approach tend in result to be overwhelmed by the job of
government.
The Old Poor Law 1601, forward including leeway and end, workhouses under the Old Poor
Law, and out help (The 1601 Elizabethan Poor Law. 2002). The Poor Law of 1834 includes the
workhouse under the New Poor Law. The 20thCentury incorporates the Liberal Government, the
between war period, the finish of the Poor Law, and the government assistance state. In the year
1946 National Insurance Act was presented. In the year 1948 National Assistance Act: The Poor
Law got eliminated and the establishment of the NHS undertaken place. If it is talked about the
year, 1971 in this the National Insurance was presented, after that in the year 1972 Health
Government's made Proposals for a tax-credit association (Spicker, 2014). It has been identified
that, in 1975, The Social Security Pensions Act which that talks about the state earnings-related
pensions introduced. The one parent benefit got presented in the year 1976. Tax free child
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benefit staged in between 1977-79, that replaces the taxable family stipend and child tax
recompenses. In the year 1980, The Social Security Acts 1 and 2: rather than profit annuity
uprating got connected to costs. Education Act: In this, Local Education Authorities permitted to
pick whether to give school dinners: fixed costs and public wholesome rules got nullified. The
Basic Income Research Group was coordinated in the year 1984. Along with this, it has been
identified that, in 1991, the Child Support Act presented and afterward in 1992. It has been
identified that the disability living recompense substitutes the mobility allowance and
participation stipend for under-65s. In 2001, The Children's Tax Credit was introduced: an
expense recompense for guardians with children (What is the Children and Families Act 2014?).
In addition to this, this has been determined that in 2003, the Children's Tax Credit and Working
Tax Credit supplanted the WFTC and DPTC and the Children's Tax Credit (What is child tax
credit?. 2020). In the year 2006, The Government's White Paper Security in Retirement
recommendations an increment of retirement stage and national pension singular and saving
records. At that point in 2008, the Welfare Reform Act 2007 came into action, 2010 to 2015 the
public authority strategy of wellbeing and social consideration coordination was placed into
power. In the year 2015, The Immigration Health Surcharge.
Furthermore according to the analyses it has been evaluated that policy is having significant
impact on development of health as well as social services. With this analysis has been
underlined that every child matters strategy was established in the year 2003 due to the sad
demise of children who was basically what to the United Kingdom for thriving future the kid
Victoria Climbie mainly lost her life due to actual maltreatment (Alcock, 2014). It has been
underlined that a strategy of each child matters must provide protection to youngsters in the
provinces of United Kingdom from various modern treatments such as physical mental as well as
sexual. There were many instances and case that defines the death of youngsters for kids due to
fall treatment the failure however was related with social as well as popular specialists.
However, it is essential to evaluate the manner and accuracy of figures and facts. The
United Kingdom is an assorted society that constitutes London, Birmingham, Manchester, Leeds
and Bradford. While gathering these measurements the social foundation of different networks is
required to be emphasized. Thusly, here and there the kids report something that is
notmaltreatment (Anderson, 2015). That is the reason the public arrangement may require
neighbourhood change. Besides, the law is at times misjudging by the law authorizing offices.
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As police, instructors and social specialists do not believe the guardians because of the
affectability of kid misuse issue in the UK, this may prompt development in the details figures.
In this manner, reclassifying the maltreatment and preparing kids in the schools what is misuse
and what isn't misuse significant. It very well may be conceivable that maybe real maltreatment
is lessening after 2003 however not imply that all the insights are bogus and there isn't kid
maltreatment in the United Kingdom. Each youngster Matters Policy has improved the
arrangement of H&SC administration for the weak kids (depository 2003). Each Child Matters
Policy additionally elevate the progressions to the prosperity of the kids from the age of 19 and
this given by the Children Acts 2014 in which the public authority staffs fizzled in their
obligations to secures the youngsters. The clients of Every Child Matters strategy incorporate
kids, youngsters, guardians, and carers/gatekeepers. In certain nations like India, Nigeria and
Pakistan kids are permitted to be smacked yet here in Europe this is called Child misuse. The
strategy has 5 results as given underneath:
5 KEY OUTCOMES FOR CHILDREN
1. Survivein a Healthy way
2. Build Contribution in Positive Manner
3. AttainWell-being in economic manner
4. Achieve and enjoy
It has been identified that, the strategy was presented following the situation of the demise of
Victoria Climbe as talked about above to stop youngster misuse. Some explanation might be:
Every Child Matters identify with the 150 neighborhood authority regions in the United
Kingdom -there has not been any equal enactment put before the Welsh or Northern Ireland
Assemblies nor the Scottish Parliament. Thus, the general UK youngster misuse insights which
may incorporate figures from these territories that makes the situation most noticeably terrible
for England. Thus, according to the above mentioned analysis it has been determined that the
arrangement is working however the execution of it is not yet vital enough and socio-cultural
fundamentals are yet not being thoroughly examined that makes the image upsetting.
Furthermore, it has been identified that Children report forged incident at school.
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In addition to this, it has been underlined that there are different influences on the development
of social policy that includes ideologies. It has been evaluated that, pressure groups have
significant influence upon the arrangement and execution of social strategies for example
medical services. Pressuregroups are coordinated gatherings that try to impact Parliament or
advance a specific reason or interest. Furthermore it has been underlined that, pressure groups
can advance a particular issue and raise the Parliament's mindfulness on certain issue. Pressure
groups crusade for changes in the law or new enactment in explicit regions. Along with this, this
has been determined that they posses strong influence upon voting behaviour and public opinion.
In UK, I consider the to be as a homogeneous society on the grounds that the political
perspectives are divided among the public authority and the local area. Bunches of choice are
made by showing vote based system. Furthermore, this has been determined that the choices are
made by the chosen agent by the resident of the nation for example the parliament individuals or
the local councillors. They are to make law and furthermore liable for arrangement of
administrations for resident like social services, education, housing and health. Thus, it has been
determined that pressure groups offer opportunities to individuals to be dynamic and to be caught
by parliament. It additionally advances majority rules system by including the general public in
social changes by affecting the popular assessment by giving them option to share, collaborate
and freedom to communicate their assessment, which may affect the public authority choice on
an issue. In addition to this, it has been evaluated that, the recent development in the social and
health care policy the IHS was introduced in 2015 to ensure that temporary, non-European
Economic Area migrant’s aid to the NHS alongside their movement status. The aims enclose to
guarantee that all clients of the Tier 2 course of the Points Based System are dealt with likewise
concerning the IHS and to offers better lucidity in the activity of the IHS corresponding to an
assortment of issues.
IHS has been familiar with save the NHS and will give homeless people comparable
permission to the NHS as UK inhabitants. The NHS needs to enroll abroad subject matter experts
and making them pay thousands for clinical benefits doesn't help. The public position revealed
plans to twofold the development prosperity cheat from £200 to £400 each year. The expansion
isn't pretty much as steep as the significantly increasing of the additional charge guaranteed by
the Conservative Party in 2017 political decision pronouncement. The public authority assesses
that the expansion may raise an extra £220m every year for the NHS. Along these lines, ironicly
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while it's anything two or three hundred million to NHS reserves, it additionally makes it more
hard for trusts to enroll genuinely necessary wellbeing laborers from abroad. However truly it's
really individuals from outside the EU applying for visas to move to the UK longer term to work,
start a family in a superior country or study who should pay the extra charge. Those paying are
regularly doing as such to improve life for themselves in the UK (The National Assistance Act,
1948). Individuals will make duty and public protection commitments to financing the NHS on
top of overcharge. It has been determined that it is almost bad for the NHS as the 66% of trust
pioneers imagine that labor force is the most squeezing challenge to conveying great medical
care at their trust.
It has been identified that IHS is familiar with the NHS and further process various forms
of similarities like NHS. It is essential for NHS to join overseas specialist in order to provide
them various form of medical services however it does not help. Along with it has been
underlined that according to the estimation of government there is significant maximisation of
€ 222m million per year for NHS. Thus, it has been determined that it aid NHS fund in multiple
ways and also seems to be difficult for trust to effectively recruit health workers from different
countries.
CONCLUSION
As per the above mentioned analysis it has been evaluated that there is significant
importance of pressure groups upon society as well as on child matter. It has been evaluated that
every child matter effectively helps in promoting well-being of children as well as young people.
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