Capitalism, Society, and Culture: A Sociological Investigation

This essay delves into the multifaceted relationship between capitalism and society, offering a comprehensive sociological analysis. It begins by defining capitalism within a social context, emphasizing its influence on ideology, culture, and social institutions. The essay then explores the presence of sociological theory in the modern and post-modern era, examining how different theorists have approached the subject. It analyzes capitalism alongside the theory of society, focusing on the interplay between economic, cultural, and political orders. The discussion covers the impact of capitalism on cultural norms and political structures, highlighting the complexities and contradictions inherent in these relationships. The essay concludes by emphasizing the importance of understanding capitalism's sociological dimensions for a complete grasp of its societal effects, and its role in shaping the contemporary world.

ESSAY

TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
Capitalism in Sociology in contemporary and post era..............................................................1
Presence of sociological theory along with modern capitalism..................................................2
Analysis of capitalism along with theory of society...................................................................3
Capitalism and cultural order......................................................................................................4
Capitalism and political order.....................................................................................................5
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................6
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................7

INTRODUCTION
Capitalism in context of social system exists in every country of this world. In this
system, goods for purpose of distributing and producing are directly owned by people of small
minority. It is not referred as detached or distinct entity as it contributes in huge social system
which provides direct influence to ideology, beliefs, culture, social institutions, norms,
relationships among people, legal and political structures. The present report will provide brief
discussion about capitalism with sociology perspective as it will help in specifying various
account of ideas with context of different sociological theorists.
In the report, scholar will develop an appropriate understanding on various key
developments with the help of modern and post-modernist sociological theory. Further, it will
articulate different links with social context where major sociologists have represented their
findings and concerns. It will also articulate proper understanding of relationship between
approaches which are linked to locations, theoretical and practical for recent issues.
Capitalism in Sociology in contemporary and post era
Capitalism is referred as an economic system where all private actors are allowed for
owning and controlling application of property for gaining interests and maximizing profits. It is
considered as one of the best pragmatic solution for fulfilling appropriate requirements of
economy and to get rid of worse scenario of immoral exploitation where it could be directly
controlled and sometimes imposed. The emergence of modern capitalism had been recorded
through sociologists, commentators and economic historians without any force in this world. It
was considered best for purpose of committing social justice, wealth redistribution, moral
advocacy to specific politicians and social commentators. It directly creates demand for
religious, educational and cultural institutions related to minimum neutral market capitalism on
basis of its working. In the same series, it would be not giving maximum counterweights for
purpose of power related to human and market avarice.
While justifying capitalism in sociology, it had motivated through questionable nature
with key assumptions that is linked to Marxian theory. It also includes labour theory with
reference to exploitation and value. Further, it also justifies a speculative philosophy with
reference to history as it holds the idea of social development with its different stages. In the
present era, social conflicts are known as interest from its outset (Whitty, 2017).
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There are bit alterations in new economy sociology for purpose of lack of attention which
had been given to capitalism. It was not directly concerned for recording impact on basis of
modern capitalism but is related to political and cultural influence on social stratification. In the
same series, if direction had been transposed with reference to sociological inquiry, as its proper
attention. It had been directed through new economic sociology to its social prerequisites linked
to economic activity in enterprises and market. There are different social problems which arise
when coordinating with economic action and are examined along with network and cultural
theory. The focus was on issue of coordinating economic activity which led to negligence of
various problems such as vital for the purpose of formulating a contemporary analysis of
capitalism on basis of economic sociology (Lamb, 2015). In this series, there were manydebates
on work of organization with context of company rule and creativity along with control on
labour. There are various problems related to fundamental issues such as relation among cultural,
economic and political orders which can be avoided or addressed in brief format. There are
different key issues for analysing capitalism with context of societal theory. It will identify
relationship among cultural and capitalism order along with political order.
Presence of sociological theory along with modern capitalism
For the purpose of characterizing the recent community with concept of capitalism has
been re-emerged. According to Ritzer and Stepnisky (2017), the consequences with respect to
cultural order on basis of alterations in institutions of world belongs to innovative capitalism.
This specific concept of capitalism tends to be most applicable for labels which were attached
along with transitions and are witnessed by societies of present era and it is not mandatory to be
a major theoretical category. The most striking factor had been extracted as lack in attempt for
problematic relation of capitalism along with cultural and political order. These both order are
always referred as controversial with reference to social sciences. It is always considered that
there is not requirement of explication instead of its past of social sciences. The main objective
of capitalism for sociology is that it had set itself on basis of social critique with context to
capitalism. It helps in creating phenomena or process relate to present era of visible social orders
which could be easily avoided when normative preconceptions of society in better aspect had
begun for dominating deep insights about sociological.
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Analysis of capitalism along with theory of society
Stating issues for encountering attempt for framing sociological theory with context to
capitalism. It is referred to specific interest and significant with context to dynamism which is
outstanding and linked to other system of past century. In the initial stage, capitalism concept
had been intended for describing specific economic order or referred model which is
comprehensive for societyat similar duration. The particular assumption with context of
capitalism as compared to economic order for production which reflects particular association
form as it moves with question that economic order helps in signifying features of capitalism
along with political or cultural order. There should be establishment of specific theory which
could not be capable to capture dynamism core. In the same series, it contradict its existence as
capitalism is a system The major theoretical issue is to identify relationship among political,
economic and cultural orders.
There are various things which could be favoured to put it forward in this scenario. By
considering perspective of historical sociological, there should be absence of doubt related to
revolutionary impact with reference to capitalism on its present dynamics and various alterations
in modern societies. With the context of free market and enterprise, there is presence of unique
and expanding system for technological industrial capacity of production which is extracted and
transformed on living conditions which are natural. All specified requirements has tobased on
transformation on basis of agriculture to agro-industry and it had also rationalised manual labour
via work which had been presented through machines and elimination of organic via synthetic
material, commercial optimization of communication and information system (Klaus Kraemer,
2016). The explanation of historical unparalleled pace of innovation could be understood as
capitalist business entity and proper control with reference to labour and it avoids creative
destruction process which is considered as very typical on basis of capitalist entrepreneurship.
In the same series, it is not only considered as material structure which is revolutionised
in constant aspect. The specific transformations related to modern capitalism is directly involved
in particular system of social stratification. In the same series, its specific economic order of
capitalism has emerged as it differss from its hierarchical status with context to social order
which are pre-modern. The particular process of liberalising individual who belongs to western
society from traditional estate system as they donot rely on novel opportunity for choosing and
deciding. In the present scenario, access had been provided to economic power, material goods
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and social prestige. It is not directly identified through birth rights, the specific privilege of
dominion is given for the purpose of belonging to particular groups as initially there was
economic success of individual market. The class position which had been mediated through risk
and opportunities in markets have termed as very appropriate criteria for identifying social status.
Capitalism and cultural order
While observing Southern and Eastern Asia there was absence of doubt which existed in
normative models instead of protestant work ethics. It gives major contribution in lending
cultural legitimacy for purpose of transition via mentality from perspective of traditional to
modern economic. The multiple modernity model has allowed different combinations of
orientation on religious and secular perspective (Guzman and Hill, 2017). In the present society
along with capitalist’s economies, cultural orders were encountered and are directly linked to
innovative and neo-feudal status systems. It helps in implementing equal opportunities to tie it
with social background. It has been derived that social advancement can be hindered or
promoted through cultural order. It could be marked through various ethnic boundaries or it
might be positioning towards immigrant, gender inequality characterised through various norms
which helps in promoting concept of equality. In this specific series, cultural order could be
encouraged through ascetic conduct of life with perspective of Weber. There is presence of
various conceptions which are coexisting in capitalism. In any scenario, it is unclear about
different notion of justice which reflects legitimacy source which is not compatible along with
principles related to capitalist economy.
According to Whitty (2017), similar form of business entity might agree with several
ethics related to economy. Any of the economic ethic or particular cultural order is not referred
to a simple role of economic organizations which might agree for basis of various economic
ethics. The criticism with reference to capitalize could revitalize particular economic order and
production renewal which might be triggered. These specific remarks had justified argument
about absence of particular cultural order which is necessary for impact as it is conducive and
obstructive with reference to economic order. There is expectation instead of similar cultural
order which could be used for reinforcement and for the capitalist economic order which is
existed for similar duration. The various normative lines of different range of reasoning
represents capitalist economic orders which does not perform with absence of moral cultural
justifications.
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According to Abrams and et. al., (2018), huge attention had been directed for paradoxical
effect and proposed for the purpose of judging through significance related to cultural norms. It
helps in providing positive and negative aspect with reference to capitalists economic mentality.
It totally depends to particular historical concept of a society. It is to justify that cultural order
must not be explained in functional views through economic order, because it might not consider
any different approach for explaining economic order with perspective of culture. With reference
to model capitalism, there is presentation of spectrum which is wide and consist of various
combination of cultural and economic order which are feasible. According to Hatch (2018),
normative perspective must be considered through cultural flexibility or open to various
capitalist economic orders which might create confusion. This particular point with reference to
contingency of process of historical along with limit of building sociological theory.
Capitalism and political order
The cultural order creates absence of specific general pattern through its justification as it
renders its order related to modern capitalism. This particular openness is extended in
political order. The older version of theory of modernisation consist of various advantages
of economy which is prosperous as it provides conditions for benefitting prosperous
economy for purpose of representative democracy in stable form. Usually, assumptions
could be wrong for simple automatism among political and economic development. The
most important significance is with related to economy which is vital for purpose of
stability with context of democratic systems as it is apparent with unique case related to
economic depression.
The historical experience helps in demonstrating modern capitalism as it does not have
requirement of existing democratic order. The normative uncertainty could be long standing as it
is rooted with context of modernization theory along with specific combination of capitalist
economic order and it had also legitimate a specific democratic political rule. In the same series,
it is culturally open social order which is superior and articulated proper aspect. According to
Deutschmann (2018), modern capitalism had been expanded in South America and it is directly
associated through forced and different labour form. As per Deutschmann (2018), specific
duration had identified its history and it had recommended primacy of politics and with reference
to duration of mobilisation of economy and societal war.
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CONCLUSION
From the above study it had been concluded that within specific capitalism is referred as
system of power in both political and economy as well. It would be directly coercing and exploit
workers as well. The actions which were undertaken with economic necessity as it would be
disguising different political decisions. It had been articulated from above report that capitalism
consist of two groups in which one is wage labourers and capitalists which are known as mean of
production. The workers are totally dependent on wages but capitalists are dependent on invested
money for making money. As per the above criticism, Max was fully aware of its merits with
context of capitalism as it had retained for good objective. The productive capacity with refernce
to capitalism might be free from it basic requirements as it delivers specific recommendations to
people , which is very dominating in its whole history. It had been criticized along with
perspective of future oriented which is on basis of understanding of capitalism with sociology
perspective is known as revolutionary force to modern society along with capability on its limits.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Abrams, P., and et. al., 2018. Practice and progress: British sociology 1950-1980. Routledge.
Deutschmann, C., 2018. Sociology of Work and the Critique of Capitalism: Mistakes, Limits,
Possibilities. Capitalism and Labor: Towards Critical Perspectives, 16, p.35.
Guzman, S. and Hill, J., 2017. The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism. Macat Library.
Hatch, M.J., 2018. Organization theory: Modern, symbolic, and postmodern perspectives.
Oxford university press.
Lamb, P. (2015). Marx and Engels' Communist Manifesto': A Reader's Guide. London:
Bloomsbury Publishing, pp. 82-107. (specific page number e.g. 82)
Ritzer, G. and Stepnisky, J., 2017. Modern sociological theory. SAGE Publications.
Whitty, G., 2017. Sociology and school knowledge: Curriculum theory, research and politics.
Routledge.
ONLINE
Klaus Kraemer. 2016. Socialogy and capitalism research. [PDF] Available
through:<http://econsoc.mpifg.de/downloads/18_1/kraemer_18-1.pdf>
Morality and capitalism In sociological perspective. 2009.[Online] Available
through:<https://www.socialeurope.eu/morality-and-capitalism-in-sociological-
perspective>
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