Sociology Theories and Sociological Topics Analysis Report

This report delves into the core sociological theories of functionalism, feminism, and Marxism, examining their influence on key sociological topics within the context of British society. Functionalism is presented as a theory emphasizing the interconnectedness of societal components, impacting family, welfare, crime, and health. Feminism is explored through the lens of gender inequality, particularly concerning women's roles and challenges in the UK. Marxism is analyzed as a theory focusing on class structures and economic disparities, affecting family dynamics and welfare. The report contrasts these theories, highlighting their different perspectives on societal structures and their impacts on various sociological topics. The analysis includes references to relevant literature and online resources, providing a comprehensive overview of these sociological perspectives.

Introduction To Sociology

TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
1.1, 2.1 Sociological theories and topics................................................................................1
2.2 Differences between sociological theories.......................................................................2
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................3
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................4

INTRODUCTION
The sociological theories and topics are integral part for transformation of society
towards increasing and decreasing trend. The enclosed report deals with sociological theories
such as Functionalism, Feminism and Marxism and how it affects sociological topics such as
family, welfare, crime, health, inequalities etc. Current report discusses on each of the topics and
how they are interrelated to sociological theories in an effective manner. Thus, sociological
perspectives are discussed with respect to all the sociological topics which prevail in Britain. The
sociological perspectives help to shape society in positive as well as negative way.
1.1, 2.1 Sociological theories and topics
Functionalism
Functionalism is one of the essential theories of sociology. It has impact on various
sociological topics such as family, welfare, inequality, crime and health. These topics have great
emphasis in current scenario of Britain. Functionalism means that how each part of society
contributes to overall effectiveness so that entire society may be easily benefited with much ease
(Luna and Winters, 2017). This is essential as parts of the this shapes future of society in an
effective way. Moreover, sociological topic such as family and welfare help to shape society in
the best possible way and any instability in it will go in vain. Stability is required so that elders
may rely on children and as such, welfare of society is maintained with much ease. Thus, social
welfare will be achieved. On the other hand, inequality and crime will have adverse effect on
society as this would result in deficiency of society and as such, welfare would not be attained.
Crime will ruin shape of society quite adversely. While, health is also another contributing factor
which affects society as ill effects on health will have serious repercussions. Thus, these aspects
are important to shape society.
Feminism
Feminism theory of sociology focuses on women. This theory is based on gender
inequality which is prevailing in the society (Mansfield, Caudwell, Wheaton and Watson, 2018).
Moreover, according to the recent data, crime has been evolved in UK and women have been in
prison for various reasons and as such, number is being doubled in past years. Another
sociological topic is family and welfare which is again essential topic in today's scenario. In
Britain, women are working as well as earning for the betterment of their families which has led
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to social welfare in the best possible way. Inequality which prevails between men and women is
somewhat reduced in Britain but needs to change up to high extent so that gender inequality may
be removed totally. It becomes hindrance in shaping society as women are not treated superior as
men are considered. This is required to remove ill-mindedness so that society may be benefited
up to maximum possible extent (Baehr, 2017). Another sociological topic is health of feminism.
Women are the key factors for shaping society and as such, they take care of child and disabled
persons which can reduce their efficiency. Thus, it is required that health of women should be
given utmost priority.
Marxism
The Marxism theory was evolved by Karl Marx which provides the sociological aspect of
theory and focuses on major issues which lie down in the society. Moreover, it also includes
political and economic aspect of sociological topic as well. The topics such as family and welfare
can be easily related to Marxism perspective. It classifies that there are hierarchical structure
which performs task in accordance to interests of two classes such as Bourgeoisie which relates
to economic power and other one is Proletariat which belongs to higher working class. Thus,
conflicts easily prevail and as such, it follows welfare of society as both perform better. On the
other hand, inequality also prevails in UK and as such, it hinders growth of society. This is
required to remove inequality up to full extent and as such, society can be shaped in the best
possible manner (Chilcote, 2018). The society remains in vain as both the groups indulge in
criminology and as such, they indulge in criminology aspect as they impose preferences on
others.
2.2 Differences between sociological theories
Functionalism Theory Feminism Theory Marxism Theory
1. This theory is focused on
the basis of each and every
part of the society to shape in
right way.
1. Feminism theory is based on
different perspective as of
other theories as it is purely
based on feminism such as
gender inequality between
1. On other hand, Marxism
theory is based on the
perspective that business class
is ruling for earning profit.
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male and female.
2. Functionalism theory relies
on various topics which are
interrelated to one another
(Chen, 2018).
2. Feminism theory is based on
aspects of gender oppression
and health inequalities as
compared to other men.
2. Marxism theory is also
interrelated on the basis of
both the classes fighting for
more profit in the capitalist
society of UK.
3. Without interrelated topics,
society will not be channelised
in effective way which is the
main reason behind this theory
so that all aspect such as
family, welfare, health can be
related with each other
(Thompson, 2008).
3. Feminism theory is based on
removing the barriers which
are implemented for
superiority of men over
women and as such, all
sociological topics such as
family, welfare and other
forms part of the society for
better future of women as well.
3. This theory is formed
mainly on the basis of earning
profit and as such, various
aspects such as family are
required to work as a labour
force for attaining profits of
the business class. Thus, it is
based on capitalism and
communism.
CONCLUSION
Hereby, it can be concluded that sociological aspects have greater impact on society in
forming towards positive and negative way. It can shape society towards positive way and also
towards other way. In Britain, all the three perspectives play an important role in shaping society
towards increasing and decreasing trends.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals:
Baehr, P., 2017. Founders, classics, canons: Modern disputes over the origins and appraisal of
sociology's heritage. Routledge.
Chen, H. F., 2018. Paradigm Shift: Sociological Theory and the Studies of Social
Transformation. In Chinese Sociology (pp. 53-82). Palgrave Macmillan, London.
Chilcote, R. H., 2018. Theories of comparative politics: the search for a paradigm reconsidered.
Routledge.
Luna, Y. M. and Winters, S. A., 2017. “Why Did You Blend My Learning?” A Comparison of
Student Success in Lecture and Blended Learning Introduction to Sociology Courses.
Teaching Sociology. 45(2). pp.116-130.
Mansfield, L., Caudwell, J., Wheaton, B. and Watson, B., 2018. Introduction: Feminist Thinking,
Politics and Practice in Sport, Leisure and Physical Education. In The Palgrave
Handbook of Feminism and Sport, Leisure and Physical Education (pp. 1-15).
Palgrave Macmillan, London.
Online:
Thompson, 2008 What is the difference between Functionalists, Marxists and Feminists?
[Online] Available Through: <https://sociologytwynham.com/2008/06/27/what-is-the-
difference-between-functionalists-marxists-and-feminists-as-level-answer/>
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