Split Phase Induction Motor Control: Design, Principle & Analysis

This report provides an overview of split phase induction motor control, also known as resistance start motor. It discusses the components of the motor, including the starting winding, main winding, rotor, and stator, and highlights the possibility of speed control through stator voltage variation. The report delves into the concept of two-winding machines, emphasizing the ideal 90º phase angle and equal mmf. It outlines the hardware requirements such as resistors, transformers, capacitors, and diodes, and explains the power supply setup involving AC to DC conversion and ripple factor elimination. The working principle is described, focusing on anti-parallel SCRs, firing angle adjustment, and op-amp comparator mode. Finally, the report details the characteristics of split phase induction motors, including their low cost, quick winding heat-up, and constant-speed nature, while also noting disadvantages like limited interior load application and wiring requirements. Desklib provides access to similar reports and solved assignments for students.

SPLIT PHASE AND CONTROL
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INTRODUCTION
• Split phase induction motor is also called resistance start motor
• The components of such motor are starting winding, main
winding, rotor, and stator
• Speed can be controlled
• Variation in the stator voltage can allows control over the speed

TWO-WINDING MACHINES
• Ideally a two winding machine
• 90º phase angle and equal mmf
• 90º physical angle between windings

SPLIT-PHASE MOTOR
• It has no capacitance in the auxiliary circuit
• Narrow conductors have been utilized to achieve higher
resistance to reactance ratio
• Auxiliary winding can be utilized during starting
• Significantly lower torques

HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS
• Resistors
• Transformers
• Capacitors
• Opto - oscillators
• Voltage regulators
• Diodes
• Resistors
• Transformers
• Capacitors
• Opto - oscillators
• Voltage regulators
• Diodes

POWER SUPPLY
• 230 V AC supply to 12 V AC
• Bridge rectifier for DC conversion
• Capacitor eliminates the ripple factor
• Constant 12 V DC supply

WORKING PRINCIPLE
• Two anti-parallel SCRs connected in series
• Firing angle adjustment while in operation
• Change in output voltage
• Op-amp operates in comparator mode
• Comparison with the saw tooth wave form against varying
voltage

CHARACTERISTIC OF SPLIT PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR
• Low cost
• Winding heats up quickly due to fine wire windings
• Essentially constant-speed motors
• Starting torques is 200 percent of the full load torque

DISADVANTAGES
• Less application in interior loads
• Repeated start nor stop
• Require large wiring