SPSS Analysis Project: Correlation/Regression Analysis, Part 3

This SPSS analysis project explores the relationship between life expectancy and GDP per capita through correlation and regression analysis. The project begins by formulating hypotheses and then visualizes the data using scatter graphs. Bivariate correlation is examined, followed by regression analysis, assumption testing, and hypothesis testing. Furthermore, the project incorporates Chi-Square and OR analysis to investigate the association between hemisphere and life expectancy. The analysis includes descriptive statistics, model summaries, ANOVA tables, and coefficient interpretations to draw conclusions about the statistical relationships. The project provides a detailed examination of statistical methods, offering insights into data analysis techniques and interpretation of results.

SPSS Analysis Project – Part 3
Correlation/Regression Analysis
Task 1 – Correlation/Regression (Thinking About the Research Question)
1. Independent variable: GDP per capita in 1977 or log of country’s GDP
2. Dependent variable: Life expectancy
3. Correlation
Null hypothesis (H0): There is no significant correlation between life expectancy and GDP per capita.
Alternative hypothesis (H1): There is a significant correlation between life expectancy and GDP per capita.
4. Regression
Null hypothesis (H0): There is no statistical significant difference in the mean value of life expectancy and
GDP per capita.
Alternative hypothesis (H1): There is a statistical significant difference in the mean value of life expectancy
and GDP per capita.
Overall Null hypothesis for the research question is enumerated below:
There is no significant difference in the average value of life expectancy and GDP per capita.
Task 2 – Correlation/Regression (Visualising the Data)
Scatter graph
1 | P a g e

The above depicted scatter graph shows that significant statiscal n s
Task 3 – Correlation/Regression (Bivariate Correlation)
Regression
Descriptive Statistics
Mean Std. Deviation N
Log of GDP per Cap in 1977 3.5848 .52733 141
Life Expectancy Categories 1.2624 .44151 141
Correlations
Log of GDP per
Cap in 1977
Life Expectancy
Categories
Pearson Correlation Log of GDP per Cap in 1977 1.000 .636
Life Expectancy Categories .636 1.000
Sig. (1-tailed) Log of GDP per Cap in 1977 . .000
Life Expectancy Categories .000 .
2 | P a g e

N Log of GDP per Cap in 1977 141 141
Life Expectancy Categories 141 141
Variables Entered/Removeda
Model Variables Entered Variables
Removed
Method
1 Life Expectancy
Categoriesb . Enter
a. Dependent Variable: Log of GDP per Cap in 1977
b. All requested variables entered.
Model Summaryb
Model R R Square Adjusted R
Square
Std. Error of
the Estimate
Change Statistics
R Square
Change
F Change df1 df2 Sig. F Change
1 .636a .405 .400 .40831 .405 94.512 1 139 .000
a. Predictors: (Constant), Life Expectancy Categories
b. Dependent Variable: Log of GDP per Cap in 1977
ANOVAa
Model Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig.
1
Regression 15.757 1 15.757 94.512 .000b
Residual 23.174 139 .167
Total 38.930 140
a. Dependent Variable: Log of GDP per Cap in 1977
b. Predictors: (Constant), Life Expectancy Categories
Task 4 – Correlation/Regression (Assumption Testing)
Charts
3 | P a g e

4 | P a g e

Task 5 – Correlation/Regression (Hypothesis Test)
Descriptive Statistics
Mean Std. Deviation N
Log of GDP per Cap in 1977 3.5848 .52733 141
Life Expectancy Categories 1.2624 .44151 141
Model Summaryb
Model R R Square Adjusted R
Square
Std. Error of
the Estimate
Change Statistics
R Square
Change
F Change df1 df2 Sig. F Change
1 .636a .405 .400 .40831 .405 94.512 1 139 .000
a. Predictors: (Constant), Life Expectancy Categories
b. Dependent Variable: Log of GDP per Cap in 1977
5 | P a g e

Coefficientsa
Model Unstandardized
Coefficients
Standardized
Coefficients
t Sig. 95.0% Confidence Interval
for B
B Std. Error Beta Lower Bound Upper Bound
1
(Constant) 2.626 .104 25.127 .000 2.419 2.832
Life Expectancy
Categories .760 .078 .636 9.722 .000 .605 .914
a. Dependent Variable: Log of GDP per Cap in 1977
1.
2.
3.
4.
6 | P a g e

Chi-Square Contingency Analysis
Task 6 – Chi-Square/OR Analysis (Thinking About the Research Question)
1.
Independent variable: hemisphere
Dependent variable: Life expectancy
2.
3.
Null hypothesis: There is no statistical significant association between hemisphere and life expectancy.
Task 7 – Chi-Square/OR Analysis (Visualising the Data)
Life Expectancy in 1977 * Hemisphere Crosstabulation
Hemisphere Total
North South
Life Expectancy in 1977
20.00
Count 1 0 1
% within Life Expectancy in
1977 100.0% 0.0% 100.0%
% within Hemisphere 1.0% 0.0% 0.7%
% of Total 0.7% 0.0% 0.7%
31.22
Count 1 0 1
% within Life Expectancy in
1977 100.0% 0.0% 100.0%
% within Hemisphere 1.0% 0.0% 0.7%
% of Total 0.7% 0.0% 0.7%
36.79
Count 1 0 1
% within Life Expectancy in
1977 100.0% 0.0% 100.0%
% within Hemisphere 1.0% 0.0% 0.7%
% of Total 0.7% 0.0% 0.7%
37.47 Count 1 0 1
% within Life Expectancy in
1977 100.0% 0.0% 100.0%
% within Hemisphere 1.0% 0.0% 0.7%
7 | P a g e

% of Total 0.7% 0.0% 0.7%
38.44
Count 1 0 1
% within Life Expectancy in
1977 100.0% 0.0% 100.0%
% within Hemisphere 1.0% 0.0% 0.7%
% of Total 0.7% 0.0% 0.7%
39.48
Count 0 1 1
% within Life Expectancy in
1977 0.0% 100.0% 100.0%
% within Hemisphere 0.0% 3.2% 0.7%
% of Total 0.0% 0.7% 0.7%
40.76
Count 1 0 1
% within Life Expectancy in
1977 100.0% 0.0% 100.0%
% within Hemisphere 1.0% 0.0% 0.7%
% of Total 0.7% 0.0% 0.7%
41.29
Count 1 0 1
% within Life Expectancy in
1977 100.0% 0.0% 100.0%
% within Hemisphere 1.0% 0.0% 0.7%
% of Total 0.7% 0.0% 0.7%
41.71
Count 1 0 1
% within Life Expectancy in
1977 100.0% 0.0% 100.0%
% within Hemisphere 1.0% 0.0% 0.7%
% of Total 0.7% 0.0% 0.7%
41.84
Count 1 0 1
% within Life Expectancy in
1977 100.0% 0.0% 100.0%
% within Hemisphere 1.0% 0.0% 0.7%
% of Total 0.7% 0.0% 0.7%
42.50
Count 0 1 1
% within Life Expectancy in
1977 0.0% 100.0% 100.0%
% within Hemisphere 0.0% 3.2% 0.7%
% of Total 0.0% 0.7% 0.7%
43.76
Count 1 0 1
% within Life Expectancy in
1977 100.0% 0.0% 100.0%
% within Hemisphere 1.0% 0.0% 0.7%
% of Total 0.7% 0.0% 0.7%
43.77 Count 0 1 1
8 | P a g e

% within Life Expectancy in
1977 0.0% 100.0% 100.0%
% within Hemisphere 0.0% 3.2% 0.7%
% of Total 0.0% 0.7% 0.7%
44.18
Count 1 0 1
% within Life Expectancy in
1977 100.0% 0.0% 100.0%
% within Hemisphere 1.0% 0.0% 0.7%
% of Total 0.7% 0.0% 0.7%
44.51
Count 1 0 1
% within Life Expectancy in
1977 100.0% 0.0% 100.0%
% within Hemisphere 1.0% 0.0% 0.7%
% of Total 0.7% 0.0% 0.7%
44.51
Count 1 0 1
% within Life Expectancy in
1977 100.0% 0.0% 100.0%
% within Hemisphere 1.0% 0.0% 0.7%
% of Total 0.7% 0.0% 0.7%
44.54
Count 1 0 1
% within Life Expectancy in
1977 100.0% 0.0% 100.0%
% within Hemisphere 1.0% 0.0% 0.7%
% of Total 0.7% 0.0% 0.7%
45.00
Count 0 1 1
% within Life Expectancy in
1977 0.0% 100.0% 100.0%
% within Hemisphere 0.0% 3.2% 0.7%
% of Total 0.0% 0.7% 0.7%
45.91
Count 0 1 1
% within Life Expectancy in
1977 0.0% 100.0% 100.0%
% within Hemisphere 0.0% 3.2% 0.7%
% of Total 0.0% 0.7% 0.7%
46.14
Count 1 0 1
% within Life Expectancy in
1977 100.0% 0.0% 100.0%
% within Hemisphere 1.0% 0.0% 0.7%
% of Total 0.7% 0.0% 0.7%
46.52 Count 1 0 1
% within Life Expectancy in
1977 100.0% 0.0% 100.0%
% within Hemisphere 1.0% 0.0% 0.7%
9 | P a g e

% of Total 0.7% 0.0% 0.7%
46.75
Count 1 0 1
% within Life Expectancy in
1977 100.0% 0.0% 100.0%
% within Hemisphere 1.0% 0.0% 0.7%
% of Total 0.7% 0.0% 0.7%
46.78
Count 1 0 1
% within Life Expectancy in
1977 100.0% 0.0% 100.0%
% within Hemisphere 1.0% 0.0% 0.7%
% of Total 0.7% 0.0% 0.7%
46.88
Count 0 1 1
% within Life Expectancy in
1977 0.0% 100.0% 100.0%
% within Hemisphere 0.0% 3.2% 0.7%
% of Total 0.0% 0.7% 0.7%
46.92
Count 1 0 1
% within Life Expectancy in
1977 100.0% 0.0% 100.0%
% within Hemisphere 1.0% 0.0% 0.7%
% of Total 0.7% 0.0% 0.7%
47.38
Count 1 0 1
% within Life Expectancy in
1977 100.0% 0.0% 100.0%
% within Hemisphere 1.0% 0.0% 0.7%
% of Total 0.7% 0.0% 0.7%
47.80
Count 1 0 1
% within Life Expectancy in
1977 100.0% 0.0% 100.0%
% within Hemisphere 1.0% 0.0% 0.7%
% of Total 0.7% 0.0% 0.7%
47.80
Count 0 1 1
% within Life Expectancy in
1977 0.0% 100.0% 100.0%
% within Hemisphere 0.0% 3.2% 0.7%
% of Total 0.0% 0.7% 0.7%
48.88
Count 1 0 1
% within Life Expectancy in
1977 100.0% 0.0% 100.0%
% within Hemisphere 1.0% 0.0% 0.7%
% of Total 0.7% 0.0% 0.7%
49.19 Count 1 0 1
10 | P a g e

% within Life Expectancy in
1977 100.0% 0.0% 100.0%
% within Hemisphere 1.0% 0.0% 0.7%
% of Total 0.7% 0.0% 0.7%
49.36
Count 1 0 1
% within Life Expectancy in
1977 100.0% 0.0% 100.0%
% within Hemisphere 1.0% 0.0% 0.7%
% of Total 0.7% 0.0% 0.7%
49.92
Count 0 1 1
% within Life Expectancy in
1977 0.0% 100.0% 100.0%
% within Hemisphere 0.0% 3.2% 0.7%
% of Total 0.0% 0.7% 0.7%
49.92
Count 1 0 1
% within Life Expectancy in
1977 100.0% 0.0% 100.0%
% within Hemisphere 1.0% 0.0% 0.7%
% of Total 0.7% 0.0% 0.7%
50.02
Count 0 1 1
% within Life Expectancy in
1977 0.0% 100.0% 100.0%
% within Hemisphere 0.0% 3.2% 0.7%
% of Total 0.0% 0.7% 0.7%
50.85
Count 1 0 1
% within Life Expectancy in
1977 100.0% 0.0% 100.0%
% within Hemisphere 1.0% 0.0% 0.7%
% of Total 0.7% 0.0% 0.7%
50.94
Count 0 1 1
% within Life Expectancy in
1977 0.0% 100.0% 100.0%
% within Hemisphere 0.0% 3.2% 0.7%
% of Total 0.0% 0.7% 0.7%
51.39
Count 0 1 1
% within Life Expectancy in
1977 0.0% 100.0% 100.0%
% within Hemisphere 0.0% 3.2% 0.7%
% of Total 0.0% 0.7% 0.7%
51.76 Count 1 0 1
% within Life Expectancy in
1977 100.0% 0.0% 100.0%
% within Hemisphere 1.0% 0.0% 0.7%
11 | P a g e

% of Total 0.7% 0.0% 0.7%
52.21
Count 0 1 1
% within Life Expectancy in
1977 0.0% 100.0% 100.0%
% within Hemisphere 0.0% 3.2% 0.7%
% of Total 0.0% 0.7% 0.7%
52.37
Count 1 0 1
% within Life Expectancy in
1977 100.0% 0.0% 100.0%
% within Hemisphere 1.0% 0.0% 0.7%
% of Total 0.7% 0.0% 0.7%
52.54
Count 0 1 1
% within Life Expectancy in
1977 0.0% 100.0% 100.0%
% within Hemisphere 0.0% 3.2% 0.7%
% of Total 0.0% 0.7% 0.7%
52.70
Count 0 1 1
% within Life Expectancy in
1977 0.0% 100.0% 100.0%
% within Hemisphere 0.0% 3.2% 0.7%
% of Total 0.0% 0.7% 0.7%
52.79
Count 0 1 1
% within Life Expectancy in
1977 0.0% 100.0% 100.0%
% within Hemisphere 0.0% 3.2% 0.7%
% of Total 0.0% 0.7% 0.7%
52.89
Count 1 0 1
% within Life Expectancy in
1977 100.0% 0.0% 100.0%
% within Hemisphere 1.0% 0.0% 0.7%
% of Total 0.7% 0.0% 0.7%
53.32
Count 1 0 1
% within Life Expectancy in
1977 100.0% 0.0% 100.0%
% within Hemisphere 1.0% 0.0% 0.7%
% of Total 0.7% 0.0% 0.7%
54.04
Count 1 0 1
% within Life Expectancy in
1977 100.0% 0.0% 100.0%
% within Hemisphere 1.0% 0.0% 0.7%
% of Total 0.7% 0.0% 0.7%
54.21 Count 1 0 1
12 | P a g e