Report: Stakeholder Engagement for Sydney Airport Runway Development

This report presents a stakeholder engagement plan for the hypothetical development of a parallel runway at Sydney Airport, assuming the project is undertaken in the present day. It begins with an executive summary and introduction emphasizing the importance of stakeholder engagement for project success. The report identifies both internal stakeholders (project board, engineers, construction, procurement, consultants) and external stakeholders (airport management, governmental operation authorities, airport operations). It includes a stakeholder mapping diagram and discusses stakeholder analysis techniques. The report outlines stakeholder engagement activities, a project timeline, and a budget breakdown. The report covers key aspects such as stakeholder identification, analysis, and engagement activities. The report highlights the importance of communication, transparency, and the need to consider current standards, legislation, and stakeholder perspectives. It concludes by emphasizing the significance of effective stakeholder engagement in mitigating risks and achieving successful project outcomes.

Running head: STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT IN ENGINEERING
Stakeholder engagement in engineering
Name of the student
Name of the university
Author note

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Executive Summary
Introduction: This report has identified the stakeholder engagement plan for development of the
Sydney Airport Parallel Runway Project. The project has been conducted decades back but
the assumption has been that the project has to be conducted in the present time.
Stakeholder Identification: Stakeholder engagement plan is one of the ways of maintaining
transparency and take inputs from the stakeholders to get better results. The diverse range of
issues can be identified using the engagement strategies and will provide the stakeholders the
idea about the issues that will have to overcome and managed
Key Stakeholders: The stakeholders in the current project have been identified and the
stakeholder design for the runway has been identified. The internal and external stakeholders in
the project have been identified.
Stakeholder Analysis: The most important aspect of the project is to identify the key
stakeholders and the information that needs to be conveyed. The type of information conveyed is
also an important aspect as it is essential to understand the relevancy of information to the
stakeholders.
Stakeholder Engagement: The stakeholder engagement plan has been developed based on the
modern-day project requirements. The different stakeholders have been identified and they have
been analysed and mapped based on the current requirement. The report has also provided risk
register which can address the possible risk factor while executing the project. These risk factors
can be significantly reduced by effective use of the stakeholder engagement.

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Budget: The expert costs include the expenses offered to the personnel offering expert services
in completion of the project. This includes design, consultation and development costs related
with the airport runway project in Sydney.

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Table of Contents
1. Introduction......................................................................................................................5
1.1. Background........................................................................................................5
2. Stakeholder Identification................................................................................................6
3. Key Stakeholders...........................................................................................................10
3.1. Internal Stakeholders..............................................................................................10
3.2. External Stakeholders.............................................................................................11
4. Stakeholder Analysis.....................................................................................................30
5. Stakeholder Engagement Activities...............................................................................32
6. Timeline.........................................................................................................................35
7. Budget............................................................................................................................39
7.1. Staffing Costs..........................................................................................................39
7.2. Activity Costs.........................................................................................................39
7.3.1. Internal Activities Costs..................................................................................39
7.3.2. External Activity Costs....................................................................................40
7.3. Expert Costs............................................................................................................41
8. Conclusion.....................................................................................................................42
References..........................................................................................................................43

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1. Introduction
The perspective of the stakeholders about a particular project is essential for positive
outcome and successful outcome. Stakeholder engagement is the method of interacting with the
project stakeholders in order to convince them and their advocates about the benefit of the
project (Andriofet al. 2017). However, stakeholder engagement is quite different from
stakeholder management and it influences the variety of outcomes through relationship building,
communication, consultation, negotiation and compromise. Stakeholder engagement plan is the
list of activities along with timelines developed systematically to provide the stakeholders with
relevant information from time to time so that success of the project assured (Cascettaet al.2015).
Communication is a key to achieving success in major projects and the report has aimed to
provide an effective stakeholder engagement plan for developing a parallel runway in Sydney
Airport. The runway had already been developed two decades back but the report has made an
assumption that runway would be developed in the upcoming year and the stakeholder
engagement plan has developed based on the current requirement. Therefore, the current
standards, legislations, knowledge, input and current reaction of the stakeholders will be taken
into account while developing the project. The stakeholder breakdown will be addressed based
on the current requirements and will provide a comparative analysis of the project stakeholder
requirement changes in the past decades.
1.1. Background
The stakeholder engagement plan is important for development of the Sydney Airport
Parallel Runway Project. Sydney airport is one of the international airports in the country and
acts a gateway for both domestic and international flights. The parallel runway project was

7STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT IN ENGINEERING
executed in the 19th century but even in the present day the development of a parallel runway has
to take various factors in consideration before proceeding with the project (Averyand
Balakrishnan2015). In the project almost two decades back, environmental concerns were one of
the biggest issues and challenges that had to be taken into account while developing the parallel
runway. There has been strong growth over the last decade and the airline industry has grown
significantly.
The major challenges faced by the organizations in such projects are environmental,
efficiency, capacity and safety challenges. The runway has to be developed based on the current
requirement but the future requirements will also have to be taken into consideration while
making investments. This investment will include updates in equipment, infrastructure and
effective management of human resources for performing air traffic management functions. The
airspace is huge and it covers almost 11% of the overall airspace so improvement in surveillance,
remotely piloted aircraft systems, environmental impacts, workforce capability, infrastructure
and technology are key challenges and issues in the modern development of runways
(Tangri2018). The safety requirement based on the legislations has changed from the past two
decades where safety of the passsengers is given utmost priority. Therefore, abiding by the
regulations of ICAO SARPs, harmonization of Civil-military ATM, recruitment and retention of
effective workforce and environmental impact management are major issues (Tangri 2018).
These factors will have to be taken into consideration while developing a new parallel runway as
environmental conditions have changed drastically in the past two decades.

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2. Stakeholder Identification
As stated by Rahmanet al.(2017), stakeholder engagement is a process of developing a
two communication between the decision makers and stakeholders to exchange information
regarding the project. This also facilitates in providing a better understanding of the issues
addressed by the policy makers while addressing a particular project (Barrett, Oborn and
Orlikowski 2016). The policy direction is better achieved using engagement plan and news
methods of initiating a plan. Stakeholder engagement plan is one of the ways of maintaining
transparency and take inputs from the stakeholders to get better results. The diverse range of
issues can be identified using the engagement strategies and will provide the stakeholders the
idea about the issues that will have to overcome and managed (Zavyalovaet al.2016). Projects
will consist of both external and internal stakeholders. The internal stakeholders are personnel
that are directly linked to the project and serving the organizations. The internal stakeholders
include board members, staff members, former board members, investors, employees, managers
and owners. External Stakeholders are the ones that are not directly linked to the project but the
operation of the project impacts them (Barrett, Oborn and Orlikowski 2016). The external
stakeholders will consist of community partners, clients, suppliers, government and society.
The nature of working relationship between the project committee and the stakeholders
will facilitate in establishing the requirements, constraints, deliverables, out of scope and
milestones (Aragonés-Beltrán,García-Melón and Montesinos-Valera2017). The budget allocation
and resources available for a particular project is also effective set based set on the stakeholder
criteria. The information of the different phases assists in changing requirement if required and
solve the issue faced during the project. However, the stakeholders’ identification process starts
with stakeholder analysis where all the required stakeholders are initially identify the all the

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stakeholder with the project group and the leader. This is the most effective way of identifying
all the stakeholders that will be affected by the project during the execution and launch of the
project (Aragonés-Beltrán,García-Melón and Montesinos-Valera2017). This facilities in
effective identification of the internal and external stakeholders in the project and measures can
be developed based on this analysis process to align the involvement and the interest of the
stakeholders (Barrett, Oborn and Orlikowski 2016). This is generally conducted by using
stakeholder mapping which has been discussed in the following sections.

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Figure 1: Stakeholder Mapping
(Source: Authors Note)
Sydne
y
Airport
Employees
(Senior
management,
Other
employees
and Unions)
Consumers
(Airlines,
passengers,
retailers,
tenants)
The aviation
industry (Other
airports,
aircraft
manufacturers,
navigation
services)
Government
(National,
local
government,
broader
control)
Local
communitiesNon-
governmental
Organizations
(Activist
groups,
consumer
advocacy)
Regulators
(Chielf
aviation
authority,
commission,
competition)
Suppliers
(Construction,
banks and
companies)
Public
transport
operators
(Bus and
coach, Taxi
and Rail)
Oweners/
Shareholders
(Major and
Small)

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3. Key Stakeholders
3.1. Internal Stakeholders
The stakeholders in the current project have been identified and the stakeholder design
for the runway has been identified. The internal and external stakeholders in the project have
been identified.
Internal Stakeholders
The internal stakeholders in the project are as follows:
 Project board, project manager: The project board and project manager are the key
internal stakeholders deciding on the requirements and budget of the project.
 Airport runway construction authority
i. Engineering: Engineers are one of the key internal stakeholders in the project and will
consist of civil engineers, electrical engineers and electronic engineers. These engineers
will develop the design of the runway based on the requirement of the stakeholders
decided by the project board and manager (Karanikas 2018).
ii. Infrastructure- The responsibilities of the infrastructure engineer includes architect,
supervising and participating in technology and development implementation (Mordecai,
Orhof and Dori 2018).
iii. Construction- The construction manager has the responsibility of overseeing the major
aspects of the project that includes managing, working with other construction workers
along with planning and budgeting process (Mata‐Lima et al. 2016).

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iv. Procurement- The procurement managers are responsible for purchasing necessary
goods and services needed in the airport runway development process.
v. Development and Master planning
1) Consultant- The consultant personnel has the responsibility of advising the
management regarding certain compliance with policies and procedures.
2) Design Build Contractors- The personnel has the responsibility of delivering project
within which the design and construction services are contracted by a particular design
builder.
3.2. External Stakeholders
 Airport management authority
i. Ground Services- These stakeholders perform vita duties to make sure safety off airline
passengers along with maintaining plane and runway between flights (Mordecai, Orhof and Dori
2018).
ii. Governmental Operation Authorities
1) Police- Airport police units have a major role in carrying out law enforcement
functions in cse of airport emergency.
2) Air carrier- This stakeholder group has responsibilities of flight deck checking,
maintaining air navigators (Bows-Larkin 2015).
3) Customs- This stakeholder group is responsible for loading export goods needed for
airport runway project.