Research Methodology: Stakeholder Participation in India and Australia

This research report, titled "Significance of stakeholder participation to improve societal acceptance of international project –“Comparing India and Australia" explores the impact of stakeholder engagement on the success of international projects, specifically comparing the contexts of India and Australia. The report begins with an annotated bibliography, analyzing existing literature on stakeholder participation, mega-projects, and environmental projects. It identifies a gap in the literature regarding comparative analysis of internal and external stakeholder management across different countries, prompting the study's aim to evaluate stakeholder participation's significance in improving societal acceptance. The research objectives include identifying the impact of stakeholder participation, validating existing theories, and comparing the influence of internal and external stakeholders, along with societal acceptance issues in both countries. The methodology involves interpretivism philosophy, utilizing data from articles and peer-reviewed journals, with thematic and case study analysis. The study aims to provide authentic results and identify globally applicable methods for effective stakeholder engagement in diverse cultural and societal contexts, making it a valuable contribution to project management research and a benchmark for future studies.

Running head: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research Methodology
Name of the student
Name of the university
Author note

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Topic: Significance of stakeholder participation to improve societal acceptance of international
project –“Comparing India and Australia”
Section 1
Field of research
Annotated Bibliography (section 1A)
Jäger, T. and Zakharova, A.,
2014. Stakeholder
participation to improve
societal acceptance for mega
projects.: A case study of the
forum for the coal-power
plant “Datteln 4” project.
“It was shown that the
general link of stakeholder
participation and societal
acceptance is applicable to
the mega project context.”
“The necessary further
developments for the new
casebased framework were
discussed including that for
mega projects underlying
This article is relevant for the study as has aimed to
identify the impact of external stakeholders in success of
mega projects. This research project has been able to
validate the existing theories that are used in literature
review. Moreover, it consists of relevant problems faced
by the organization in the global environment in achieving
success for the projects. This article has been able to
provide in depth analysis of stakeholder importance.

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issues of transparency,
expectations, power and
atmosphere must constantly
be considered in
stakeholder participation.”
Luyet, V., Schlaepfer, R.,
Parlange, M.B. and Buttler,
A., 2012. A framework to
implement Stakeholder
participation in
environmental
projects. Journal of
environmental
management, 111, pp.213-
219.
“It proposes a
comprehensive framework
to implement stakeholder
participation in
environmental projects,
from stakeholder
identification to
This study has identified the impact of stakeholders’
participation in environmental projects. The various
frameworks in stakeholder management have been
critically analyzed in this research paper. Thus, the study
has been able to identify the relevant stakeholders who has
to be added to these projects.

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evaluation.”
“A framework for public
participation in
environmental projects is
presented”
“The best possible degree of
involvement is attributed to
each stakeholder”
Annotated Bibliography (section 1B)
Beringer, C., Jonas, D. and
Kock, A., 2013. Behavior of
internal stakeholders in
project portfolio management
and its impact on
success. International
Journal of Project
Management, 31(6), pp.830-
846.
“This empirical study of
197 project portfolios
investigates the effect of the
This study will identify the literature gap in the articles
mentioned in the above context. In this study, the
engagement of internal stakeholders are mentioned which
will identify the various positives and negatives of internal
stakeholders. Thus, the study will focus on identifying the
impact of each internal stakeholder in each of the phases
of the project. The above mentioned articles was unable to
provide the point of view of the internal stakeholders and
this study will be able to provide the perspective of the
internal stakeholders.

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intensity of engagement
(IoE) of portfolio-internal
stakeholders on project
portfolio success.”
Li, T.H., Ng, S.T. and
Skitmore, M., 2012. Conflict
or consensus: An
investigation of stakeholder
concerns during the
participation process of major
infrastructure and
construction projects in Hong
Kong. Habitat
international, 36(2), pp.333-
342.
“However, public
participation may not
always yield a mutually
acceptable solution,
especially when the
This study has been able to identify the problems of
including external stakeholders. There is diversity among
the various external stakeholders so conflicts and
confrontation are bound to happen. Thus, the study has
highlighted the various concerns of the external
stakeholders in this type of projects.

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interests of stakeholders are
diverse and conflicting.
Confrontations and
disputes can arise unless the
concerns or needs of the
community are carefully
analysed and addressed.”
De Schepper, S., Dooms, M.
and Haezendonck, E., 2014.
Stakeholder dynamics and
responsibilities in Public–
Private Partnerships: A mixed
experience. International
Journal of Project
Management, 32(7), pp.1210-
1222.
“After positioning PPP in
the current stakeholder
management theory, a
comparative case study
analysis of four PPP
infrastructure projects
demonstrates the relevance
This study has analyzed the internal stakeholder
management issues and importance of inclusion of the
internal stakeholders and the external stakeholders.
Moreover, the study has been able to identify the
complexity in the management of the stakeholder
inclusion.

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and importance of
stakeholder inclusion in
PPPs.”
Golini, R., Kalchschmidt, M.
and Landoni, P., 2015.
Adoption of project
management practices: the
impact on international
development projects of non-
governmental
organizations. International
Journal of Project
Management, 33(3), pp.650-
663.
“ Only recently researchers
started to consider project
management (PM) practices
as possible remedy for the
poor performance of ID
projects.”
This study has depicted the impact of non-government
organization on the international projects. Thus, the study
will be able to provide a different perspective to the study
as the non-government organizations can be considered to
be an external stakeholder to the organization.
Ramus, T. and Vaccaro, A., This study portrays the strategies used by the social

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2017. Stakeholders matter:
How social enterprises
address mission drift. Journal
of Business Ethics, 143(2),
pp.307-322.
“Indeed, stakeholder
engagement helps the
internal actors of a social
enterprise to rationalize
and embody pro-social
values previously
abandoned, while social
accounting reinforces this
embodiment process by
showing the reintroduced
social commitment of the
social enterprise to external
audiences.”
enterprise for managing drift in the mission. The study has
been successful in depicting the importance of stakeholder
management in elevating the consistency of the project.
Wayne Gould, R., 2012.
Open innovation and
stakeholder
engagement. Journal of
technology management &
This study has been able to highlight the use of innovation
in to the stakeholder engagement. The study has been
successful in amalgamating the use of innovation in to the
stakeholder management procedure.

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innovation, 7(3), pp.1-11.
“The model is then
expanded to include
stakeholder engagement.
When integrated with
stakeholder engagement,
open innovation processes
can be understood to
generate benefits beyond
the acquisition of specific
information sought from
external experts.”
Section 2
Literature Gap
The various journals and articles that have been mentioned in the annotated bibliography
do not consist of both internal and external stakeholder engagement. Thus, there is scope of
comparative analysis of the internal and external stakeholder management. Moreover, in these
articles, the topics are generalised and no country has been selected in the study. Thus, this has
broaden the scope of the assignment. Thus, this particular study will provide the comparative
analysis of the stakeholder engagement in two countries namely Australia and India. Thus,
narrowing the scope of the topic the study will be able to provide better understanding of