Sociological Analysis of State Bureaucracy, Reforms, and Leadership

This essay provides a comprehensive overview of state bureaucracy, detailing its components and issues related to representativeness and responsiveness. It examines various methods states employ to reform, privatize, and reinvent government, highlighting potential problems arising from these changes in metropolitan areas, such as unemployment and fund reallocation. Furthermore, the essay defines the major roles of governors, emphasizing their responsibility in balancing budgets and managing crises, and explores how their formal and informal powers influence their leadership role and legislative relationships, ultimately shaping the state's governance and decision-making processes. Desklib offers a wealth of similar solved assignments and study tools to aid students in their academic pursuits.

Running head: SOCIOLOGY 1
Sociology

SOCIOLOGY 2
Question 1
In general terms the bureaucracy is comprised of four main components namely a clear
hierarchy, a division of labor, a set of rules regulations or standard operating procedures. A
bureaucracy is known for proper administration and the willingness to work together. Some
major examples of the bureaucracies are universities and government. The fair and the equal
treatment to all the employees in accordance with the policies is also one of the criteria
(Kennedy, Butz, Lajevardi & Nanes, 2017).
Additionally the issues are majorly from the side of the political parties. It has been
observed that some political parties recruit look alike and also those who are socially acceptable
in nature. The representatives and the responsiveness go hand in hand as the representative group
of people working wills automatically takes them into the flow where the work is done for a
particular. Also some of the issues that have been observed is the programs are prevailing in the
state and yet there is a possibility of the discrimination as the mindset of the people is that they
tend to stick together with the representatives. The situation turns out to be partial one as for
those if the programs are beneficial and the rest of the group is discriminated (Skogan, 2016).
Question 2
There are enormous ways in which the states conduct the reforms, privatization to
reinvent the government. The one such way is the relocation of the funds from one community to
other. For example the school or any nature of the government funded program if likes to reduce
the cost to perform better the same reform is going to be implemented irrespective of the
outcomes and the results. The privatization can also be done with the help of the auction or

SOCIOLOGY 3
transferring of the state to the municipally controlled enterprises. Further, the sudden shift or
changes in the state reforms or privatization could lead to the problems which may have a heavy
impact on the community and the metropolitan area such as unemployment (Koliba, Meek, Zia
& Mills, 2018).
The unemployment is already a crucial topic for many of the countries and changes in
reforms if leads to the unemployment than the situation get even worst. The shift may result in
the transfer of the funds from the potential areas towards a particular group because of the
change to be redirected as well. On the contrary the situation may also change and turns out to be
positive. The same can happen when the traffic shifts towards the particular community or the
metropolitan city and create the job opportunities for the youth who is the future of the country.
So all in all it can be concluded that not all the situations have a negative impact (Pollitt &
Bouckaert, 2017).
Question 3
Since there are so many responsibilities on part of the government while serving for the
state, there are several areas where the governors play a major role and one such area is the
balancing of the budget. Also at the time of the serving there are certain uncontrollable events
like the natural disasters or any loss to the infrastructure, they need to make sure that certain
money is kept aside for such emergency and uncontrolled situations (Denhardt & Denhardt,
2015).
Despite there are many challenges a state face, may it be in terms of the safety,
progressive economy, the lack of cooperation or the political issues, the major duty of the
governor is to keep a balance between all the factors and for that the governor makes use of both

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the formal as well as the informal powers. This facilitates the sound decision making, fast
actions on challenges and keeping the state in order. The leadership role and the legislative
governance is the key that build the strong state and the governor uses it on the basis of the type
of the situations and the needs. Hence in this way the power held within the hands of the
governor influences the role they are playing (Berger, 2017).

SOCIOLOGY 5
References
Berger, A. A. (2017). Political parties: A sociological study of the oligarchical tendencies of
modern democracy. Routledge.
Denhardt, J. V., & Denhardt, R. B. (2015). The new public service: Serving, not steering.
Routledge.
Kennedy, B. A., Butz, A. M., Lajevardi, N., & Nanes, M. J. (2017). Introduction: Race and
Representative Bureaucracy in American Policing. In Race and Representative Bureaucracy in
American Policing (pp. 1-10). Palgrave Macmillan, Cham.
Koliba, C. J., Meek, J. W., Zia, A., & Mills, R. W. (2018). Governance networks in public
administration and public policy. Routledge.
Pollitt, C., & Bouckaert, G. (2017). Public management reform: A comparative analysis-into the
age of austerity. Oxford University Press.
Skogan, W. G. (2016). Beat meetings, responsiveness to community and police effectiveness in
Chicago. In Comparing the Democratic Governance of Police Intelligence: New Models of
Participation and Expertise in the United States and Europe (pp. 27-42). Edward Elgar
Publishing Ltd..