Statistical Research Project: Gender Differences in Blood Cholesterol

This statistical research project investigates gender differences in blood cholesterol levels in individuals aged 55 and over. The study aims to determine if there are significant variations in cholesterol levels (HDL and LDL) between males and females. The research utilizes data from Royal Perth Hospital and South Perth Hospital, employing a cluster sampling technique to select 200 patients. The project design includes surveys and cholesterol tests to gather data, with statistical analysis using t-tests to compare experimental and control groups. The hypothesis posits that males tend to have higher cholesterol levels. The project examines factors like age, gender, and potential health implications, with references to support the findings. The goal is to provide insights into the impact of gender on cholesterol levels and associated health risks.

Running head: STASTISTICAL RESEARCH 0
BIOSTATISTCS
APRIL 26, 2019
STUDENT DETAILS:

STASTISTICAL RESEARCH 1
Project title The study on the gender differences in blood cholesterol levels
on people aged 55 and over.
Project No. Project group number
Introduction Cholesterol levels differ by gender and age. Over a period, a
person's body of people tend to generate more cholesterol. Level of
cholesterol tends to enhance with age. High cholesterol levels may
be due to hereditary, however this is the outcome of unnatural
lifestyle preferences that create it avoidable.
Heart related diseases and stroke is the subject to concern for
females as well as males. In reality, heart diseases related to heart
are the major reason of death for females and males. However,
young females have lesser possibility of cardiovascular diseases
because the defensive part of hormone estrogen that tends to
enhance HDL (good cholesterol) level. The cholesterol has two
categories such as HDL (the ‘good’ cholesterol) level and LDL
(‘bad’ cholesterol) level .Too much LDL cholesterol in the blood
or High cholesterol level, is very dangerous element for the
diseases related to heart and stroke. Conversely, HDL’s higher
level of HDL can be helpful in protecting the heart. Further,
premenopausal females and males have significant difference
in the cholesterol as calculated through blood lipid profiles, LDL
level, HDL level, and triglycerides in a blood. Young female tends
to have lesser level of LDL in comparison of young male and, from
teens on, female tends to contain high HDL level in comparison of

STASTISTICAL RESEARCH 2
male (3).
Additionally, the family past of heart diseases, mainly diseases
related to heart at younger age, is great dangerous factor for the
cardiovascular diseases. If someone’s father was younger than age
fifty five when a person had the heart failure or his mother had
heart failure when they were younger than age sixty five, then
person is at the enhanced possibility of diseases of heart. The
reason for selecting people aged 55 and over is because research
has stated that blood cholesterol levels get high after age 55.
Choosing children can be unfair because children are least likely to
get high cholesterol levels. The aim of our research is to know the
gender differences in blood cholesterol level (4).
Research
Question
Whether there are gender differences in blood cholesterol level?
Hypothesis Normally, males tend to have higher cholesterol levels through the
life in comparison of females.
Population The adult female and male patients of Royal Perth Hospital and
South Perth Hospital aged 55 years and above.
Sample Largely 200 patients aged over 55 years and over are chosen
casually for the investigational study. For the selection of people,
the researcher has been used cluster sampling technique. Our
experimental population is distributed among two hospitals namely

STASTISTICAL RESEARCH 3
Royal Perth Hospital and South Perth Hospital. The 100 patients
(50 males and 50 females) are randomly selected from each
hospital within age group. The 100 patients (50 males and 50
females) of Royal Perth Hospital are randomly selected for the
representation of control group when the other 100 patients of
South Perth Hospital represent experimental group (1).
Design The researcher studies the experimental aspects as well as the
observational aspects of South Perth Hospital and Royal Perth
Hospital. Initially, all the patients would require to complete the
survey having questions in respect of themselves involving
whether or not they are gender differences in blood cholesterol
level (2). The patients belong from control group are required to
complete cholesterol test where levels of cholesterol would be
noted. Patients from experimental group are also required to have
cholesterol test. The mean of cholesterol test for both experimental
and control group are assessed for the gender differences. As per
this, researcher can draw connections between gender differences
and blood cholesterol level (5).
Measures Reports of blood cholesterol test (by whole number –
Continuous/Survey).
Whether or not there are gender differences (from survey): No or
Yes –Categorical.
Reports of cholesterol test conducted in South Perth Hospital

STASTISTICAL RESEARCH 4
(whole number/perform test) –Continuous.
Reports of cholesterol test conducted in Royal Perth Hospital
(whole number/perform test) –Continuous.
Statistical
analysis
Blood cholesterol level report means between experimental groups
and control groups are recorded and assessed by the sample t-tests
through housekeeping assumption test. As per this, researcher can
draw result on causes for gender differences in blood cholesterol
level. Another two-sample t test can be conducted on cholesterol
level with patients across two group of whether or not gender
differences in cholesterol level. As per this, researcher can
conclude impacts of gender differences in cholesterol level over
cholesterol test performance.
References 1. Li J. Countermeasures for Maintaining Medical Record
Availability. Chinese Medical Record English Edition.
2014;2(8):340-343.
2. Mai H, Pham TT, Nguyen DN, Dutkiewicz E. Non-
Laboratory-Based Risk Factors for Automated Heart
Disease Detection. In2018 12th International Symposium
on Medical Information and Communication Technology
(ISMICT) 2018 Mar 26 (pp. 1-6). IEEE.
3. Songwatthanayuth PA. The Effects of the
SYSTEMCHANGETM-TIA Program on Stroke Risk
Behaviors, Blood Pressure and LDL-Cholesteral in Thai
Adults Following Transient Ischemic Attack.

STASTISTICAL RESEARCH 5
4. Wang Y, Wang Y, You S, Wang H, Yin D, Dou K, Song
W. Independent prognostic value of high-sensitivity C-
reactive protein in patients with coronary artery ectasia.
Chinese medical journal. 2016 Nov 5;129(21):2582.