This report delves into Strategic Performance Measurement Systems (SPMS), emphasizing their role in enhancing organizational performance and fostering a competitive edge. It explores the nature of SPMSs, detailing how they leverage both financial and non-financial measures to align strategies, evaluate performance, and manage compensation. The report highlights the Balanced Scorecard as a key SPMS tool, outlining its characteristics and benefits in translating strategic objectives into actionable measures across financial, customer, internal process, and learning and growth perspectives. Furthermore, it examines the implications of SPMSs on strategic alignment, management performance evaluation, and compensation structures, underscoring the importance of linking goals and incentives. The report also addresses major implementation issues, such as selecting appropriate performance measures, ensuring data quality, and gaining organizational acceptance, along with technical and organizational challenges like resistance to change and the need for proper training. The conclusion reinforces the significance of SPMSs in today's competitive landscape, emphasizing their role in driving strategic advantage and the need for careful planning to overcome implementation hurdles.