University Project: Conceptual Design Report on Structural Analysis

This report presents a conceptual design report on structural analysis, focusing on the assessment of forces on structures. It covers the importance of structural analysis in architectural design, detailing the process of determining loads, design codes, and the application of structural technology. The report presents two viable designs, comparing their structural layouts, column and beam sizes, and foundation schemes. It includes loading calculations for car parking, retail, and residential areas, along with 3D models and descriptions of foundation schemes. The report also discusses the merits and disadvantages of each design, emphasizing the preferred solution based on environmental and building codes. Furthermore, it describes concrete and reinforcing materials, robustness, and safe construction procedures. Functional framing of the structure, load transfer mechanisms, serviceability, and stability are also discussed, providing a comprehensive overview of the structural analysis and design process.

Conceptual design report
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Introduction
The structural analysis is to assess the impact of forces on structures and their elements.
Buildings subject to this type of analysis shall include all structures that must endure loads, such
as houses, roads, aircraft and vessels. Structural analysis uses the disciplines of physical
mechanics, materials science and applied mathematics to quantify deformations, internal forces,
pressures, vibrations, accelerations, and stabilization of the system. The findings of the study are
used to assess the health of the system for use, frequently without physical tests. Structural
analysis is therefore a crucial part of the architectural design of the systems.
After determining the dimensional need of a structure, the loads that the structure will sustain
must be determined. Thus, the structural model starts with the loads on the structure specified. In
building codes, the design load for a structure is often indicated. The two types of codes exist:
General construction codes and design codes; in order for the structure to remain reliable,
engineers must meet all the specifications of the code.
The structural technology must meet two different types of loads in the design. A structural
engineer must assess data such as structural loads, trigonometry, support circumstances and
material characteristics for an accurate assessment. In addition, the findings of this study include
reinforcing reactions, pressures and displacements. This data is then contrasted with criteria
indicating failure circumstances. Advanced structural analysis can examine nonlinear behavior as
well as dynamic response and stability. The two first use theoretical formulations that primarily
apply basic linear elastic formulas that lead to closed-form solutions and are often manually
resolvable. In fact, the final element method is a mathematical method for solving equations
generated by mechanical theories such as theory of elasticity and material strength. The finite-
element approach, however, largely depends on computer processing power and is more
applicable to abstract systems of size and complexity.
Notwithstanding approach, the definition depends on a similar three principal relations: balance,
constitutive, and similarity. The arrangements are surmised when any of these relations are just
roughly fulfilled, or just a guess of the real world.
Loading calculations
The methodical study of the stability, strength and rigidity of systems is structural architecture.
The basic goal of structural analysis and design is to create a structure that can withstand all the
loads that are applied during the planned life without loss. A system mainly has the purpose of
distributing or sustaining loads. If the system is constructed or manufactured incorrectly, or if the
real loads surpass design requirements, the unit is impossible, with potentially serious
consequences, to perform its intended function. A complex system reduces the risk of expensive
errors considerably
Viable design 1

Figure 1viable design 1- beams and columns pacing - 8 m by 10m
Figure 2 column and beam sizes for viable design 1

Figure 3 retaining footing for the structural foundation

Figure 4 150mm foundation slab
Viable design 2

Figure 5 basic structural elements of design 2
Square columns

Figure 6beams and columns spacing

Figure 7pent houses structural grids and layout
Basement loading

Figure 8 basement layout structure
Car parking- 2.5kN/m2
Total Area= 32 m x 40 m = 1280 m2
Car parking loading = 1280 x 2.5 = 3200kN
Retail loading
Retail - 5kN/m2
2 floors
Total area = 1280 x 2 =2560 m2
Total loading = 2560 x 5 = 12800 m2
Residential loading

Figure 9 architectural layout for residential
Figure 10access to retail shops
Loading per area = 2.5kN/m2

Figure 11 structural pile caps foundation for the columns
Figure 12positioning of doors for resident access
3d models

Figure 13 3d structural view of the preferred solution