The Struggle for Freedom: African American History and Colonialism

This report examines the history of Africa, focusing on the slave trade, colonialism, and the experiences of Africans in early America. It explores the Grand Exchange, the Trans-Atlantic slave trade, and the impact of colonization on African societies. The report analyzes the role of Africans in early North America, highlighting the lives of enslaved individuals and the evolution of slavery. It further discusses the Revolutionary Era, drawing parallels between historical events and contemporary issues. The analysis includes comparisons to modern-day economic and political scenarios, such as the relationship between African countries and China, and the impact of racism. The report draws upon Clayborne Carson's 'The Struggle for Freedom; African American History' to provide insights into the experiences and struggles of Africans and African Americans during these critical periods. The report covers the period from ancient Africa through the American Revolution, offering a comprehensive overview of the historical context.

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1: Ancient Africa
This chapter talks about the slave trade and the establishment of colonies in ancient African,
bringing about western civilization. The various experiences, clashes, and joint efforts that came
about because of these connections got known as the Grand Exchange. Western countries
scrambled to partition African and also acquire raw materials such as minerals and trade in
slavery (Clayborne Carson,11).Money was introduced to replace barter exchange. African social
gathering additionally experienced sensational changes in rising multicultural settings
surrounding exchange, relocation, and colonization.
It can be compared to the current debts experienced in countries such as Kenya and Zambia to
the Chinese. This makes them vulnerable to economic sabotages by such developed countries
after they are unable to offset the debts.
2: Africa and the Atlantic World

In this particular chapter, the central event /development involves the increase of the Trans-
Atlantic slave trade where the Africans from Morocco and Cape Town acquired new contacts
with the Europeans. In 1400, the Africans experienced the growth of Atlantic exports. As a result
of high demand in the Americans, the volume of African human captives became the core export
in the year 1680. The spot of Africans in the Atlantic world is one of gigantic and challenged
importance. Demographically, they structure the vast dominant part of the individuals who
crossed the Atlantic and settled in the Americas between the sixteenth and the center of the
nineteenth century.
The chapter talks of progressive revolutionary movements s from West Africa into the Age of
Revolutions in the Americas from the late eighteenth. In the meantime, however, new
hypothetical standards focusing on the organization and contribution of Africans in New World
social orders themselves have drawn some analysis, as thinking little of the effect of magnificent
brutality informing the African experience (Clayborne Carson 25).This incredible, significant,
and challenging subject stays perhaps the liveliest field in verifiable investigations during the
early present-day time frame; this article ought to be perused close by that identified with the
Trans-Atlantic slave exchange, where works relating all the more explicitly to Atlantic bondage
are considered
This can be compared to Atlantic civilization" when the Atlantic Charter was marked, and
NATO was introduced. It brought about such current day socio-political transformation in North
America.

In comparison Today, China utilizes diplomacy in Africa rather than savage power, and it doesn't
appear to try to formal political control in the regions.
3: Africans in Early North America, 1619–1726
This chapter discusses Anthony Johnson and His Family in the Early Chesapeake. Antonio, the
slave-Brought to America in 1621, from Africa, turned into a slave in Jamestown, which was the
principal perpetual English settlement in North America just as the focal point of the Virginia
Colony (Clayborne Carson 56). In March of 1622, Antonio is one of only four out of fifty-seven
individuals to endure an assault by the nearby Native Americans drove by Opechancanough. By
the time of his death in 1670, his kids and their families had fewer chances, their lives
progressively limited by race-based laws and precedents characterizing subjugation and
confining free blacks.
It is accepted that about 80% of the individuals who crossed the Atlantic in the years 1600-1820
were Africans, and the individuals who settle in North America, more than 50%, were Africans.
The convergence of Africans to the Americas as slaves got numerous manor proprietors with
extraordinary benefits. Additionally, the information that was traded as a component of the
Transatlantic Slave Trade reclassified the lifestyles all through the Americas, just as Africa and
Europe. The 1600s which started with a working power made up generally of contracted
hirelings in the long run offered path to a working power that was almost totally made up
oppressed Africans

This can be compared to the Chesapeake Colonies; Jamestown and English colonization, where
there was a collaboration of Africans who were slaves working as under contract. The current US
President Donald Trump, is introducing policies that threaten black Americans, citizens.
4: Africans in Bondage: Early Eighteenth Century to the American Revolution
This chapter talks about colonization, and slavery of African who became indentured servants in
colonial America followed the legalization of slavery in 1950 in present-day Georgia. This was a
system of bondage in such colonies.
The subjugation of Africans in pilgrim America, radiating from the appearance in 1619 of twenty
slaves in Jamestown, Virginia, enveloped the entirety of the states (Clayborne Carson 77). In
comparison, the degree and nature of slavery in the Northern provinces, be that as it may, varied
significantly from the establishment in the southern states. Uprisings, slave codes (dark codes)
were built up in the vast majority of the states by Quakers.
Revolution involved blacks joining Dunmore in 1777 to escape bondage in Virginia, as the
British army represented the liberation.This can be compared to the racism and American civil
war, which led to the period of renaissance and liberation of blacks. Racism has been
experienced in sports such as football and the marathon athletics.
5: The Revolutionary Era: Crossroads of Freedom
This chapter talks about the battle of Antietam, which was an experience in 1862. According to
American history, about 6000 soldiers were killed. As depicted in the crossroads of freedom,
American civil war historian James McPherson indicated the suffering of the US union

(Clayborne Carson 112). The British authorities supported the confederacy between the Norths's
the South hence demoralizing the northern voters. This made the confederate and union army to
acknowledge a war that was at crossroads. Antietam became a massive victory for the union
hence crushing the confederate and British involvement.
This revolutionary movement can be compared to the war between North Korea, Iran, and
America. This current nuclear entanglement between the nations is threatening the political,
military, and diplomatic intervention from British powers.

Works cited
Clayborne Carson, Emma J. Lapsansky-Werner, Gary B. Nash (1877). The Struggle for
Freedom;African American History. Pearson Learning.vol 1