Essay on Substance Use: Social, Cultural, and Economic Factors

This essay provides a comprehensive overview of substance use within society, examining its historical context and the evolving social, cultural, political, and economic conditions that influence it. The essay delves into the reasons behind drug use, explores prevalence rates, and evaluates various theories related to addiction. It also investigates attitudes towards drug taking in different arenas, including public opinion, media portrayals, and government policies. The essay covers a wide range of substances, including illegal drugs, alcohol, nicotine, and other abused substances, highlighting the physical and psychological consequences of substance abuse and the associated legal and social ramifications. The essay also discusses the role of legislation and regulations in reducing substance use, as well as the impact of substance abuse on child abuse and family dynamics, emphasizing the need for treatment and intervention to promote stable and healthy lives.

Substance use
and society

INTRODUCTION...............................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY.......................................................................................................................................3
Drugs used for centuries and what is new to defined and redefined it as social, cultural, political and
economic condition have prevailed and changed. It will explore reason why people take drugs,
examine prevalence ates and evaluate theories related to addiction...................................................3
CONCLUSION..................................................................................................................................11

INTRODUCTION
Substance utilisation is related to the use of drugs or alcohols as well as also involve
substances like illegal drugs, cigarettes, inhalant & solvents, prescription as well as many
more. In addition to this, substance use issues occur when alcohol and other related drugs
causes harm to individual who is consuming and others also (Bade and et. al., 2019). In
simple term it can be said that, substance utilisation is issues or problem that can result to
addiction. Although after substance consumption individual’s behaviour get change an they
started behaving abnormally which will impact on their family members also. Apart from
this, substance consumption sometimes results in child abuse also and once people started
taking substance then he/she will get addicted and they continue it for lifelong.
In addition to this, after consuming substance individual loose ability to understand
things as well as it gives negative impact on their health and mid both (Kettner, Mason and
Kuypers, 2019). This essay will going to discuss that drug is using be people from centuries
as well as it has wide impact on social, cultural, political and economic condition which has
been changed. Along with this, it also includes that why people take drugs through relevant
theory of addiction. Furthermore, it will also elaborate attitudes to drug taking in distinct
arenas like public, media as well as governments.
MAIN BODY
Drugs used for centuries and what is new to defined and redefined it as social, cultural,
political and economic condition have prevailed and changed. It will explore reason why
people take drugs, examine prevalence ates and evaluate theories related to addiction.
Substance abuse can be explained as pattern related to harmful use of any kind
substance which result in mood-altering. Although, substance involves alcohol and several
other drugs as well as other substances which are not drugs. Substance abuse can result
because individual is consuming substance in manner which is not recommended or intended
because they are using more than prescribed (Bijlsma and et. al., 2019). In addition to this,
health officials has consider that substance utilisation as crossing line or repeated use can
cause significant impairment such as disabilities, failure in meeting responsibilities, health
issues, risky use, social issues as well as impaired control. In simple terms it can be said that,
if individual drink enough to get frequent hangovers, enough drugs that they lost friends.
Although if particular person drink more than intended to use then substance utilisation is at
level of abuse. Substance utilisation is related to the use of drugs or alcohols as well as also

involve substances like illegal drugs, cigarettes, inhalant & solvents, prescription as well as
many more. In addition to this, substance use issues occur when alcohol and other related
drugs causes harm to individual who is consuming and others also. In simple term it can be
said that, substance utilisation is issues or problem that can result to addiction. Although after
substance consumption individual’s behaviour get change an they started behaving
abnormally which will impact on their family members also (Ganson and et. al., 2020). Apart
from this, substance consumption sometimes results in child abuse also and once people
started taking substance then he/she will get addicted and they continue it for lifelong.
Generally, when it comes to substance abuse, they are simply referring consumption
of illegal drugs. Because drug of abuse does more than altering mood of individual who is
consuming drugs. It results in cloud your judgement, distort perception, alter reaction time as
well as it can put individual in danger of accident and injury. In addition to this, such drugs
practices result in getting illegal in first place because this potentially addictive and can result
in various negative health impacts. Although, it has been believed that utilisation of illegal
substance is considered dangerous and it is abusive (Pighi and et. al., 2018). Others contend
that easy going, recreational utilization of certain medications isn't hurtful and is only use, not
misuse. The most vocal of the defenders of recreational medication use are the individuals
who smoke cannabis. They contend that cannabis isn't addictive and has numerous useful
characteristics, not at all like the "harder" drugs. Through recent research it has been
determine that even marijuana may result in more mental, harmful physical as well as
psychomotor effects than first believed. Every year, new scientific studies find out several
ways which long-term marijuana utilisation is harmful to health of individual. Moreover, the
National Institute on drugs Abuse reports which marijuana users will result in becoming
psychologically dependent as well as addicted. It has been estimated by NIDA (National
Institute on Drug Abuse) that one in out of every seven users of marijuana becomes
dependent. There are several illegal drugs such as marijuana, Methamphetamine, Cocaine,
hallucinogens. Ecstasy or Molly as well as Heroin.
There are some other abused substances which are not at all drugs at all such as
alcohol, prescription as well as other over counter medications, solvents, inhalants as well as
coffee and cigarettes can all used to at harmful excess (Lucas and Walsh, 2017). Actually,
numerous kids have their first experience with substance maltreatment by utilizing inhalants,
just in light of the fact that they are found in numerous basic family items and, along these
lines, promptly accessible. In today’s culture there are some designer and synthetic drugs also

such as bath salts as well as synthetic marijuana that may not be illegal but can specifically be
abused and can possibly be dangerous. Apart from this, there can be substance which can be
abused which have no mood altering or intoxication properties like anabolic steroids. The
utilization of anabolic steroids to upgrade execution or create muscles and quality is injurious
due to the negative symptoms of their utilization, which can go from only irritating to
perilous now and again. On the off chance that it can cause you hurt, even in the long haul, it
is substance misuse. Hypothetically, practically any substance can be mishandled.
There are numerous types of substance which are classified on the basis of drugs,
most abuse drugs as well as most used drugs. Alcohol is drug which is legal for adults who
are over the age of 21 in United State as well as there is not anything wrong with having
couple drink along with friend for a wine and occasion (Logan and et. al., 2017). But much
alcohol reserved in harmful level as it has its impact on kidney and lungs also as well as its
over conception can turn into alcohol abuse. Drinking five or more than that drinks for man
and 4 for women is considered as being drinking that can be harmful physically and mentally
in several manner. Another drug is nicotine that is most abused drug at global level. In recent
years smoking has been declined and it has been estimated that approximately 80 million
American have still addiction to nicotine in spite of it well published harmful effect on cover
(An overview of Substance use, 2020). Nicotine is legal which simply don't mean that it can't
be abuse as it has negative health effects and take long time to main feast probably play a role
in widespread abuse of tobacco. Furthermore, caffeine is one of the most used drugs where is
nicotine is most abused drug. Caffeine mostly result in mood altering drug at worldwide level
and too much consumption of caffeine may result in harmful for individual health
(Mikolaichik and et. al., 2018). There are several studies who had found avoid link within
caffeine utilisation as well as several other psychiatrists’ syndromes involving caffeine I.e.,
induce sleep disorder and caffeine induced anxiety disorder.
Society is paying price for substance abuse when it come to illegal substances.
Although, it has been determined that utilisation of substances in harmful as well as there is
legal prohibitions on its consumptions (Weitzman and Lee, 2020). In addition to this, it is
related to both protect particular person from wellbeing and shield society from the cost
which involve in relation of healthcare related resources. Lost productivity, crime, disease
spreading, homelessness and many more. Consumption of substance may sometimes result
in child abuse and family members also face several issues due to such things. Although,
substance consumption has its negative impact on mental and physical perspective of

individual. There are several services which provided healthcare specialist that will help in
easy recovery from substance consumption. This is important for individual for living stable
and healthy life. In addition to this, there are both physical a psychological consequences of
substance use on individual (Britz and et. al., 2019). Physical risk related to cocaine
consumption is increasing blood pressure, heart rate, breathing rate, body temperature and
individual may face heart attacks, stroke and respiratory failure. On the other hand,
psychological risk related to cocaine is violent, erratic, depression, loosing interest in food
and many more. Moreover, marijuana is also drugging whose short-term effects are
sleepiness, increasing heart rates, decreasing ability of performing task, bloodshot eyes, dry
mouth and throts, decreasing social inhibitions and many more. Whereas, long-term
consequences of cancer risk, increasing in testosterone levels for women also result in
increasing risk of infertility and many more. Apart from this, there are several other
substances also which result in wide impact on individual in both manner physical as well as
psychological. Thus, it can be said that getting proper treatment of substance consumption is
necessary for better life of individual as well as their family members both.
Apart from this, there are some legal consequences of drugs consumption of
individual and these may result in wide impact within negative manner on that particular
person (Fernández-Calderón, Cleland and Palamar, 2018). Thus, it is important to stop
consuming drugs or if any individual is consuming then they have to ensure that it should be
consumed in legal manner. There are several rules and regulations given by legal authority of
United Kingdom such as The Misuse of Drugs Act 2001which allow for lawful possession
and supply of illegal drugs for legitimate purposes. Respective regulation cover prescribing,
safe custody, administering, record keeping, destruction as well as disposal of controlled
drugs for preventing diversion for misuse. In, 2012 there are several modifications has been
implemented to 2001 regulations and modification covers like pharmacist and nurse
independent prescribers, possession authorities within patient groups and mixing medicines
to patients which involves controlled drugs. Laws and regulations given by Government
bodies play major role in reducing substance use among people full stop because they have
fear of find and parent is which implemented by legal bodies on them. In some situations,
these fine and penalties have this much amount which is not easy to pay for every person.
Does regulations result in decreasing consumptions of substance with effective manner. In
addition to this, but still there are several people who consumes substances like drugs
illegally. Thus, in simple term it can be said that legislation and regulation play important

role in reducing consumption of substances but there are some people who are always ready
for breaking regulations given by government.
Consumption of alcohol is increasing day by day which result in child abuse when
parents or caregivers are involved in any drug consumption then children many face several
issues. Child abuse is increasing day by day and there are numerous children’s who are
facing such issues in various nations (Cerdá and et. al., 2018). Child abuse is when parent or
any other caregiver takes such action which results in causing injury, death, emotional harm
as well as any other risk of serious harm to child. In addition to this, there are several forms
of child maltreatment that involves physical abuses, sexual abuse, emotional abuse,
exploitation and many more which results in negative impact on child in numerous ways. In
simple terms it can be said that drugs consumption y mother or father both have impact on
children’s present as well as future both.
Along with this, child abuse mainly has three major impacts on particular children
such as physical, psychological as well as social impacts. In relation of same, physical child
abuse is simply defined as non-accidental physical injury to children which involves kicking,
burning, biting as well as several other actions which results in child physical impairments. In
other words, it can be said that physical abuse not only impact on health of individual but also
give major impact at emotional and psychological level. Physical injury get recover easily but
emotional and psychological take much time in getting recover. Furthermore, child abuse has
wide impact on children at psychological level also such as individual feel fear, isolation,
disturb as well as can translate within lifetime psychological consequences which can
manifest in several manner like low-self-esteem, depression, trouble in maintaining relations,
education related difficulties and many more (Loeffler, Delaney and Hann, 2016). Thus, it
can be said that child abuse has major impact on children physical and psychological impact.
In this entire situation major role is of parents and other caregivers as well as they should
have to take care of things in proper manner because such things may result in destroying
future of children. in addition to this, Social impact is that children can’t talk to others easy as
well as they feel fear in interacting and building relations. Because they already faced several
things which has negative impact at emotional, psychological and physical level in very wide
manner. For better future and present of children’s it is responsibility of parents as well as
caregiver to make sure that child abuse related practices will not take place. Although,
government of every nation has given several rules and regulations related to child abuse as

child protection is area of Public law. Everyone has to follow for conducting each and every
practice related to child care in effective manner.
Throughout history people has tied for better understanding of the concept related to
drug use as well as why people get addicted to drugs and become totally dependent on it. In
addition to this, numerous theories have been developed over time which provide wide
explanation or information related to drug use. Few of these theories has been developed
within models that is way of explaining issue or situation. so, that it can be understand in
effective manner (Merrin, Thompson and Leadbeater, 2018). The accompanying models have
been generally powerful in creating drug arrangements and medication treatment truly are as
yet utilized in Australia. These models impact the manner in which individuals work with
youngsters and others who have ongoing drug habits. You might have the option to identify
with certain models in a way that is better than others and recognize models that support your
organization's way to deal with drug use.
Moral model, at the time of eighteenth as well as early nineteenth centuries substance
addiction was viewed like sin. People who are dependent on drugs are consider as weak
morally as well as addiction is seen as fault of on character. Under influence of moral model
substance users get punishment which stocks, public beating, whippings, fines as well as
public ridicule behaviour which is most common now a days. For substance consumption or
addicted people best treatment which is commonly use i.e., spiritual direction. Moreover, jail
sentence is another type of punishment and at turn of century several drug consumers were
putted in mental hospital which means jails became full.
Disease model, by this model it has been assumed that origin of addiction mainly lie
in the individual them self. Disease model adopt medical for Healthcare viewpoint as well as
suggest that drug addiction is commonly disease or illness which an individual have. Along
with this it has been assumed that people who have addiction cannot control their intake
related to substances once they had consumed some of substance like alcohol and others, they
get powerless to stop themselves having more and more full stop and simple it can be said
that there craving for substance consumption cannot stop (Bennett and et. al., 2017).
Although, it can be said that disease of addiction is irreversible as it will not cure and this can
be only treated through lifelong abstinence. In addition to this, alcoholic Anonymous are
totally based on disease model which have some advantages as well as disadvantages. Here,
here, advantages are drug utilisation has been become health issue not legal, offering

treatment related approaches which works for few peoples, remove shame often felt through
people affected by addiction. On the other hand, there are some disadvantages are removing
responsibilities from users, not supported through large amount evidence as well as offers
only one course treatment. There is another model also i.e., Psycho-dynamic model, his
hypothesis began with Sigmund Freud is as yet utilized today as a method of treating
individuals with ongoing drug habits. The fundamental way of thinking behind the psycho-
dynamic model is that we can interface issues to our youth and how we adapt (or don't adapt)
as grown-ups. At the end of the day, drug use or abuse might be an oblivious reaction to a
portion of the challenges people may have encountered in adolescence. This way of thinking
structures the premise of many directing methodologies which expect to pick up knowledge
into a person's oblivious inspirations and attempt to upgrade their mental self-portrait.
Several categories has been given or introduce for comparing drug use and addiction
theories as well as explanatory models. For instance, theories are classified on the basis of
facts which development of drugs use is described in relation of particular person with
himself or others with surrounding community. Along with this, in another approach it has
classified on the basis of age groups, gender, ethnic groups, particular drug and many more.
Furthermore, within another classification few type of addiction result in focusing on
procedure that has been taken through people for utilisation of drugs and variables that result
in influencing process at individual level as well as some of the model are focusing on role of
social variable and structure in utilisation of drugs as well as function of the drug which use
at social level. In another methodology, enslavement hypotheses are ordered dependent on
the way that these speculations have been introduced in which subject matter and accordingly
these speculations have been arranged into organic, sociological or mental methodologies.
There are numerous approaches for substance addiction some of them are mention below :-
Mono-Level approach in addiction studies, the data, documentation, and proof needed
for estimating in the zone of wellbeing and human sciences are the aftereffect of studies led
with various strategies on the individual, the gathering to which he/she has a place, and the
setting wherein he/she is living. The focal point of these examinations is on the individual or
on the gathering or on the two of them. Another class is epidemiological investigations with a
biological methodology. These examinations are directed to comprehend the impact of
setting, for instance, the soundness of people and populace bunches through reactions, for
example, determination, dissemination, association, and congruity. Different examinations
have likewise researched the impact of logical full-scale factors on the arrangement of

individual conduct. As needs be, the sorts of inclination and misrepresentation can happen
during the time spent planning and investigating these examinations and impact the
hypothesis coming about because of it.
Models and theories with Biological approach, according to biological approach
addiction is consider as brain disease approach that relay on empirical studies mainly on
animals. Although, in simple term it can be said that substance use and drugs consumption
result in several changes in individual body as they not able to understand things in
appropriate manner, drugs adductors not have good relation with their friends and family
members. In addition to this, substance users are not at all goods in behaviour and face
several other issues with their health also as they can’t live without drugs they need on daily
basis and at this much level which is not good for health. Physical risk related to cocaine
consumption is increasing blood pressure, heart rate, breathing rate, body temperature and
individual may face heart attacks, stroke and respiratory failure. On the other hand,
psychological risk related to cocaine is violent, erratic, depression, loosing interest in food
and many more. Moreover, marijuana is also drugging whose short-term effects are
sleepiness, increasing heart rates, decreasing ability of performing task, bloodshot eyes, dry
mouth and throts, decreasing social inhibitions and many more. Whereas, long-term
consequences of cancer risk, increasing in testosterone levels for women also result in
increasing risk of infertility and many more.
Drugs addiction is chronic disease which is characterised through compulsive and
uncontrollable drug seeking as well as utilisation of such harmful consequences which result
in changing brain that can be long-term. Although, such changes within brain results in
harmful behaviour that seen in the people who use substances. Moreover, drugs addiction is
relapsing disease which mean relapsing get return to drug utilisation after attempt to get it
stop. People get addicted to drugs voluntarily but after some time ability of individual to not
choosing drugs become compromise. Apart from this, drugs addicted can be treated but it is
not easy task because addiction of drug is chronic disease and people who are consuming
drugs cannot get stop simply. Mostly patient need long term as well as repeated care for stop
them to using drugs and get recover. Treatment of drugs addiction help patient in stop using
drugs, stay drug-free and be productive in family, work as well as at social gatherings.
It is important to get treatment in proper manner as there are numerous options which
have been successful in treatment of drug addiction within appropriate manner. Such as

behavioural counselling, medication, long term follow-up for preventing relapse, medical
devices use for withdraw of symptoms, treatment of mental issues which occurs due to drug
consumption such as anxiety and depression. In addition to this, range of treatment program
and follow-up options can be important for success of entire process. Furthermore, treatment
for drugs addiction includes both medical as well as mental health services as required. Along
with this, follow-up care and involves community or family-based recovery support systems.
On time treatment and full services individual get recover easily and started living better lives
as well as accomplish desired goals and objectives of their lives in effectives manner.
CONCLUSION
After going through entire discussion, it has been concluded that substance
consumption in harmful or individual who is consuming as well as to their family, friends and
other loved once also because they are not able to understand things and react abnormally. In
addition to this, Substance utilisation is related to the use of drugs or alcohols as well as also
involve substances like illegal drugs, cigarettes, inhalant & solvents, prescription as well as
many more. Along with this, substance use issues occur when alcohol and other related drugs
causes harm to individual who is consuming and others also. In simple term it can be said
that, substance utilisation is issues or problem that can result to addiction. Furthermore, if
individual started consuming drugs then it become their nature and they will consume it
lifelong without thinking its disadvantages. Furthermore, substance use results in numerous
consequences such as legal, physical, social, psychological and many more. It is important to
manage these consequences by stop using consumption and taking medication in relation of
same within appropriate manner.

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An overview of Substance use, 2020.[Online].Available through<
https://www.verywellmind.com/substance-use-4014640>