Leadership and Management Report: Leadership Development and Theories

This report delves into the multifaceted realm of leadership and management, examining the core components of effective leadership and how these skills can be nurtured. It begins by defining the qualities and behaviors that characterize a successful leader, drawing upon various leadership theories such as the trait theory and Lewin's leadership styles, including autocratic, participative, and delegated approaches. The report then explores the question of whether leadership skills can be developed, providing insights into how individuals can cultivate qualities like initiative, critical thinking, and effective listening. Furthermore, the report contrasts leadership with management, highlighting their distinct roles within an organization. The report also discusses the practical application of leadership principles, drawing on personal experiences and course materials. Overall, the report provides a comprehensive overview of leadership, its development, and its significance in achieving organizational goals.

LEADERSHIP
AND
MANAGEMENT

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................1
1. What is involved in being a successful leader....................................................................1
2. Can good leadership be developed and if so how..............................................................5
3. Distinguishes leadership from management.......................................................................6
4. What have you learnt about leadership from your own experiences, on this course and
elsewhere................................................................................................................................8
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................9
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................11

INTRODUCTION
Leadership and management are useful for the success of organisation and individuals. It
is important to know that leaders are play effective role in a company to manage all business
activities (Simonet and Tett, 2013). They are helping to motivating and inspiring of employees to
achieve particular goals and objectives. The managers are responsible for appointing and
recruitment of candidates who possesses skills which will help to grow of an organisation. In an
organisation leadership and management both are play crucial role and focus on development of
a company. The present report is about focused on being a successful leader and development of
good leadership. There is describe differences between leadership and management and share
own experiences about leadership course.
MAIN BODY
1. What is involved in being a successful leader
A leader is the person who leads a group of individual working in a company and
motivate a group of people to accomplish their goals and objectives of an organisation. The
leader play as a superior role and do extra ordinary work to manage their subordinates. The main
aim of the leader to inspire and coordinate with their group members for particular given task.
There are mentioned several theories which is implemented by several leaders in respect to
manage their junior and being a good leader. They are as follows -
Trait theory -
The trait theory of leadership is main based on the characteristics of various leaders like
successful and unsuccessful. It is helping to predict leadership effectiveness and compared with
potential leaders to analysis their likelihood of success or failure. According to this their different
people have different qualities and according to this describe different kind of theories of
leadership. There is discuss about great man theory which is related to leadership -
Great man theory of leadership -
This theory based on extra ordinary and great leaders who possess some extra ordinary
qualities which make different from others. These type of qualities and traits helps to motivate
their colleagues and followers to achieve organisation's gaols and objectives (Thomas, 2015).
The term of great man was used for leadership because mainly people thought of a primarily as a
male quality and it is especially mention for military leadership. This theory based on leaders are
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born not made. A good leader have many qualities that are made different from others such as
ability to delegate, commitment, creativity, sense of humour and commitment etc. There is
mention of example of some leaders who is related to this theory such as Abraham Lincoln,
Mahatma Gandhi and Alexander. The have many leadership qualities from childhood that impact
on their subordinates to perform the duties effectively.
Assumption of great man theory
 Effective leaders are gifted with divine inspiration and the right characteristics.
 Great leaders can arise when there is great need.
 The leaders are born and not made and posses certain traits which were inherited.
Skills
Skills are the ability and susceptibility of a person that acquired through organized and
sustain effort to complete their task and carry out complex activities of business. The skills are
different to different theories that based on leaders and there is mention about Katz's three skills
model -
Katz's three skills approach -
This approach is formulated by Robert Katz in 1955 and the skills based on three main
skills that help to a person to become a good leader. There is mention skills are below -
Technical skill -
In present time technology skill has become an integral part of every one's life and it
makes life more easier. In competitive environment, it is important to have technical skills for
complete their task in effective way and perform their duties on time. It is included competencies
in specialized area, capability to use suitable tool and analytical ability. It is a basic skill to
dominate feature of leader's roles and responsibilities. The technical skill involves hands on
activity and related to basic process of product within an organization. Technical skills is playing
crucial role in a leaders that have to include their inner qualities (Blumenthal And et. Al, 2012).
It is important at lower, middle and upper management leader like as Chief executive officer,
senior officers and presidents. For example – When a leader join in IT company so there is
necessary to have technical knowledge to select in organisation like Java, C++ and data base
management. These skills are helpful to leader for fulfil thier needs and wants.
Human skills -
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Human skills are those which are connected to ability of individual person work with
other people. This skill modify work of a leader in effective and efficient way with their
superiors and peers. It is a different from technical skill because it has to do with working with
things. The human skill permit a leader to follow a group members in working cooperatively as a
group to achieve common goals and objectives. This skill will help to convey to their
subordinates to follow their thoughts and influence to complete task in effective way. There are
various common and important skills which are included in particular skills are motivation,
communication, team spirit, development of a company and positivity. For example – if a leader
join in other company so there is need to complete task from their peers so there is need to have
human skills (Bush, T. and Glover, 2012).
Conceptual skill -
It is very important skill and that will become a leader different from other and help to
think different. According to this skill a leader think different and take effective decision that
help in growth of an organisation. In this skill include different skills, they are following as -
1. To think innovative and different from others
2. In this skill have problem solving capacity
3. Prepare effective strategy and create vision in order to achieve company's goals and
objectives.
4. To take better decision in adverse situation which arises in organisation.
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Lewin's leadership style -
The lewin's leadership style developed by Kurt Lewin in 1939, who has came up with
several kinds of leadership style which are as follows -
Autocratic leadership -
It is a style of leadership where leaders control their group members and take initiative
decision. In this style leaders are not allowed to group member in decision making process and
present their views in front of top management. So there is the power lies in hand of leaders and
they give instruction to colleagues in order to what to do or not?
Participative leadership -
In the participative leadership style the leaders allows to their peers to participate in
decision making process and they are present their views Gardiner to task. It is impacted as
motivate to their group members and help to achieve goals. It will help in take interest to do
work with efficiently.
Delegated leadership -
In this delegated leadership style the leader provides decision making power to their team
member in the absence of leader. They are inspired with their leader and give their best to take
effective decision. But it is possible when all the group members are well qualified and have
much more experience in particular field.
Situational theory -
This theory refers to that there is no particular style for leaders because it is fluctuated
according to situation. According to this theory leaders have to take decision according to
situation and show their efforts in different situations which are arising in a company. For
example – A company wants to restructuring their structure so that time leader faces many
problems so according to that leader take effective decision to motivate to their employees and
help to achieve organisation's goals and objectives. According to situation analysis leaders are
supposed to make decisions for motivating the subordinates (Harris, 2013).
2. Can good leadership be developed and if so how
The leadership is trait which is posses by very few and there is saying that leaders are
born not made. The good dealership is developed and it is understand by leadership theories
which are support to statement and trait of leaders which can be developed. The leader is a
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person who have ability to follow people their rules and influence by their views. There are
various skills which are developed in future according to situation, they are as follows -
Taking initiative
According to this skill a leader al ways take initiative for their work in every field and
considered as a leader. It is a important quality of an individuals that are developed according to
situation. At the work place take initiative for any work and rested to any field, it will help to
develop this feature and accomplish their goals.
Critical thinking -
It is an another important aspects for leaders in order to solve critical thinkings of their
subordinates. The critical thinking help to become aware about their opportunities and can take
advantages of these opportunities to take benefits. This is trait which can be developed by
brainstorming sessions (Rhodes, 2012).
Motivation -
Motivation is a important tool to encourage to their subordinates to achieve
organisational goals and objectives in systematic manner. The leader know how to motivate their
team members to become a successful leader.
Listen effectively -
It is a very important skill that is necessary for every leaders. A good leader is must a
good listener because it helps to influence their followers and understand thinking of their
colleagues. It is helping to gain advantages in competitive environment and helps to worker for
aware about their mistakes and then modify their mistakes after feedbacks. There are different
theories which are based on leadership, they are as follows -
Contingency theory -
This theory based on the effectiveness of a leader is contingent of leadership style
according to their situation. It will help to leader to know which type of leadership style help to
different type of situation to grow. The contingency theory based on the assumption that there is
no one best style of leadership and a leader work in effective way when know that which
leadership style suit on several situation. This theory is described that how leadership style is
compatible for accomplish goal of an organisation (McMurray And et. Al, 2012).
Participative theory -
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This theory mostly implement by every leader for organisational growth and helping to
participate in decision making process. In this theory leader allows to present their views in front
of top management and take interest in their valuable suggestions. When leader thinks that views
are good according to their task so apply their suggestion and it will motivate to group member.
By using this theory leaders take actions and give feedback according to their views and it will
help to innovative decision made. It will also help to motivate to employees to perform in
effective manner.
Trait theory -
The trait theory is known as modern theory of leadership and it became popular at the end
of twentieth and remain popular in present time. This theory focus on the characteristics of
successful leadership. It will help to understand difference between leaders or non leaders and it
is based on leaders are born not made. The leadership skill developed by learning and believe
that it is almost entirely on innate traits. It is focus on the distinguishes between leaders and
followers. This theory includes traits like confidence, learning power, courage and extraversion.
For example – In an organisation a leader have positive attitude and done work with effective
way so it will influence to their subordinates and they are feel motivated for given task. The
leader characteristics impact on employees confidence and they can perform in better way (Trait
theory of leadership, 2017.).
3. Distinguishes leadership from management
Management is an art of get work done by others and allows to bring all employees
together in order to accomplish company's goals and objectives. While leadership is a capacity
and ability to influence a particular group of people to follow their rules and instruction and fulfil
organisation's goals and objectives. For leadership involves qualities are clear vision, effective
coordination and better communication.
Basis of comparison Leadership Management
Meaning Leadership is a skill of leading
others by examples.
Management is an art that
organize every business activities
in systematic and efficient way.
Relationship with others Leaders have professional and
personal relation with their team
Manager have emotional relation
with their subordinates.
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members.
Attitude towards goal For achieving goal they are adopt
personal and active attitude.
The managers can adopt
impersonal and passive attitude.
Self perception and
development
Many leaders are not related to
particular organisation and they
are searching out of opportunities
for change.
Managers are conservators and
regulators of affairs from which
they gain reward.
Focus on They are focused on their
followers for encouraging change.
Managers are focused on their
subordinates for bringing
stability.
Strategy Leaders are applying Proactive
strategy (Li, 2013).
They are applying Reactive
strategy.
Leadership and management are the different things but mostly people often mistake
regarding to both personality. The main difference between leaders and mangers that a group of
people follow to leaders but that was particular group work for manager. Both personality play
crucial role in order to achieve organisational goals and objectives. If an organisation have not
good leader so it will impact on strength of the employee and decrease productivity. So leader is
very important for any organisation to motivate their employees. Leadership is about getting
people to comprehend and believe in the vision while management is more about administering
and making sure the day to day activities are happening as they should. Leadership and
management is not same thing and their effort separate to solve organisational problems.
Leadership is all about the inspiring while management is all about planning (Mertkan, 2014).
For example – Mr. Abraham Lincoln, president of United states inspired many people and was
successful to abolish slavery. While a manager planning all activities for achieving success and
survive for long time.
4. What have you learnt about leadership from your own experiences, on this course and
elsewhere
Leadership is a kind of art who motivate individuals or group of people to work in one
way path to achieve single goal. Basically leadership means inspire the people it can be done by
any one. Their is no rule only leader will motivate people. Even who have leadership quality it
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can be by birth or by practice. I was class representative in class 10th and I was good in this work.
My teachers always says that I am good at maintaining decorum. Even students are very
cooperative with me and they listen my words. Everyone says that I have good leadership quality
which attract or motive other people. Some of the qualities are:
Motivation: - My friends always says that I am very motivating person that's why
whenever they feel low, they call me and I tried to motivate them. For example: - recently one of
my friend is very upset regarding their career so I motivate and encourage her by saying that, still
there is enough time to build your career and focus on your aim. So don't get panic and be relax
every thing will be fine. After our conversation she will be fine and said that you are the only one
who can motivate me (Doh and Quigley, 2014).
Communication: - Communication make people comfortable and I have this skills. Due
to my communication skills people will feel attached with me very well. They starts sharing their
problem and think that I can solve it. Most of the problems may solve through communication. I
have this skill which build me as a good leader.
Take initiative: - Usually I am that kind of person who always take initiative, I am not
waiting for someone else for doing that work. That's why people love my work and me, even
when I was with my friends. I am doing all planning if we are planning any plan.
Coordination: - My friends always says that I am good at managing things such as any
event. I can manage very well, even in my collage program like republic day, annual function
and farewell parties. I was also part in every dance and coordinate with other in effective manner
. I am coordinating very well, I was leading members (Hallinger and Bryant, 2013).
As a manager of company, I can utilise scientific approach because it supports to
individual needs and there is provided training to new workers according to this approach. It is
important to examine skills of particular person and provide training on particular fields and it is
a good way to know their requirements. I am perform as a leader because new workers have not
any idea about organisational policy so it can do according to company's needs and wants.
According to my point of view these theory are right for leader because it is based on different
situation because when I was in trouble that time apply these theory that are working in good
way.
Contingency theory – This theory based on the effectiveness of leaders because there is
leaders are taking decisions according to situation. It is one of the best theory of leadership and
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mostly leaders adopt this theory due to situation contingencies. The contingencies theory can be
used by leaders to create perfect profile in terms of company and these styles are matched with
situations which are success. The organizations can know which type of situation is suitable to
particular person according to their position so leaders are mostly adopt this theory due to
situation. The leader firstly analysis the situation after that work according to situation. This will
help to leaders to achieve their goals and objectives in unfavourable situation.
Transactional theory – In this theory involves directing and motivating of followers
through appealing to their own self interest. The power of transactional leaders come from their
conventional authority and duty in the organization. The main goal of the follower is to conform
the manual of the leader. It is also known as telling styles. This theory best suitable when people
wants to self motivated and self driven. The theory impact upon the working environment of the
organization because when employees are working with self interest so they are giving their best.
As a result company achieve their goals and objectives. So this theory impact was good
according to future perspective.
I was learned from my past experience of college function that leadership is play crucial
role for success and growth of the organisation. For the growth of the organization a leader play
his role in effective way. I have some different characteristics which allows me to become an
effective leader. During my school days I was appointed as a class monitor which requires come
quality of leadership like as confidence, initiation and communicator etc. As my point of view
leaders can be developed by an individual which can make an individual a better leader. So I was
learned leadership is important for every company and its concept apply in every organisation at
each stage of business activities. When I'm applying these theory according to situation so it
change my views because in starting I am not understand which theory are right for different
situation but after understand theory of leadership then apply transactional and contingency
theory and result comes in positive way.
CONCLUSION
As per the above discussion it is concluded that leaders and manager are an integral part
of every organisation which helps to attain goals and objectives. The different qualities of a
person make a leader and managing business activities in systematic manner makes a manager.
There are several types of leadership theories which can follow by leaders to motivate and
inspire their group members. Qualities of leaders influence to their subordinate and leaders are
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born not made. In an organisation manager and a leader different personality that are working to
accomplish company's goals.
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