Report on Logistics and Supply Chain Management for Tesco UK Business

This report delves into the crucial aspects of logistics and supply chain management, using Tesco UK as a case study. It explores the relationship between supply chain and logistics, emphasizing the flow of materials from producers to retailers, and the transportation models involved. The report examines the role of logistics in ensuring customer satisfaction and managing operational costs, particularly within Tesco's diverse business operations. Furthermore, it discusses the implementation and benefits of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems, addressing challenges like centralized control and high operational costs. The report also highlights best practices for reducing logistics costs and increasing efficiency, such as safety measures and labor management, offering valuable insights into optimizing supply chain processes.

Running Head: LOGISTICS AND SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT
Logistics and Supply Chain Management
Name of the Student
Name of the University

1LOGISTICS AND SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT
Table of Contents
1.0 Introduction................................................................................................................................2
1.1 Background of the Report......................................................................................................2
1.2 Background of the Company.................................................................................................2
2.0 Analysis and Discussion............................................................................................................3
Task 1: Logistics and Supply Chain Management......................................................................3
Task 1 Part A...........................................................................................................................3
Task 1 Part B...........................................................................................................................4
Task 2: ERP.................................................................................................................................5
Task 3: Best Practices and Logistics...........................................................................................8
3.0 Conclusion.................................................................................................................................8
References......................................................................................................................................10

2LOGISTICS AND SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT
1.0 Introduction
1.1 Background of the Report
Supply chain and logistics are two important parts of an effective business system. A
supply chain ensures the flow of materials from the producer to the retailer such that there is
always a steady supply of products that are demanded by the customers. On the other hand,
logistics is the transportation model that is used by business organizations to transport raw
materials from the supplier to the manufacture and products from manufacturer to the retailer
(Christopher 2016). The transportation of the goods is important to ensure the inventory of the
retailer is always stocked up by the delivery from the suppliers.
In this report, the relationship between supply chain and logistics has been analyzed with
emphasis on Tesco UK and several other aspects like use of ERP and best practices for reducing
costs of logistics have been discussed in detail.
1.2 Background of the Company
Tesco is a UK based retail chain that details with the sale of groceries and other
merchandises with branches spread all over Europe as well as Asia. Tesco operates through
supply chain and also has an ecommerce department that delivers products to the customers
directly to their addresses. Initially starting as a groceries supplier, Tesco now deals with
clothing, electronics, books, furniture, software, petrol, finance services, internet and telecom
services making it one of the most diversified business organizations in the whole world. Hence,
the company requires an integrated system that will enable the company to have centralized
control over all the business departments.

3LOGISTICS AND SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT
2.0 Analysis and Discussion
Task 1: Logistics and Supply Chain Management
Task 1 Part A
Supply chain management is a business philosophy that is mainly based on the movement
and flow of the materials from one point to another until it is sold the customer for a suitable
price. On the other hand, logistics is defined as the process by which the product is moved from
one point to another in the entire supply chain (Jacobs, Chase and Lummus 2014). The two terms
can explained further using the following example.
Let there be a shirt to be sold to the customer from a particular garments shop. Now, for
the preparation of the shirt, the fibers are extracted at a nursery. Then it is sent to the processing
centre for preparation of thread after which, the threads are sent to the clothes processing centre
for the development and dyeing of the clothes. After the clothes are dyed, they are then sent to
the factory for the preparation of the shirt. Finally, the shirts are sent to the retailer for sale at a
suitable price. This entire cycle of activities is together known as supply chain as the material /
product is delivered from one centre to another as a supply.
On the other hand, logistics consists of the process through which the material or product
is transferred from one point in the supply chain to another. For instance, during the supply chain
of a shirt, the shirt is transferred from the factory to the retail shop through supply trucks (Hugos
2018). This delivery process is known as logistics and it requires additional costs other than the
actual supply chain.

4LOGISTICS AND SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT
Hence, it is evident that supply chain and logistics are not the same thing but logistics is
an essential part of a successful supply chain system (Boonjing, Chanvarasuth and
Lertwongsatien 2017). However, logistics also incurs additional expenses that add to up to the
cost of the material that is to be delivered from the supplier to the seller.
For Tesco UK, logistics play a very important role in the supply chain that is used by the
company to procure the goods that are being sold in their retail stores. In addition to the contract
with various logistics services, Tesco has a large number of distribution centers that procure the
goods and materials from the manufacturers and distribute them to various retail stores (Stadtler
2015). However, with the increasing costs of logistics as well as production, Tesco has recently
been forced to shut down many of the distribution centers. As a result, the supply chain of the
company has been significantly affected although the operational costs have also been decreased
by a good margin as the intermediate distribution logistics costs have been removed.
Task 1 Part B
Effective logistic management is an important factor behind the determination of
customer satisfaction for a particular business organization. The main function of logistics is to
deliver the right products to the retailer who provides the services or products to the customers.
However, customer satisfaction is increased significantly if their demands are met successfully
without making them to wait for the response from the company (Monczka et al. 2015). This
particular situation can be explained in a simplified manner through the following example.
In a particular retail store, let there be a high demand for a particular design and colour of
a product so much that a trend has started for the same. As a result, it is expected that most of the
customers will seek to buy that particular variant of the product and their satisfaction will

5LOGISTICS AND SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT
increase if they get them easily (Fernie and Sparks 2014). In this situation, the function of the
logistics will be to supply that particular product to the store from the supplier in such a
frequency that the stock at the store does not dry up before the next lot arrives. Meanwhile, if the
stock is empty in the store for a certain point of time, the customer satisfaction will slowly start
to decrease.
This scenario is also effective to Tesco UK as they sell a variety of products and often
rely on the sale of on-demand products in order to earn high values of profits. Hence, effective
logistics management is necessary in order to maintain high customer satisfaction and also
maintain the existing customer base of the company (Schönsleben 2016). In addition to
contributing to customer satisfaction, effective logistics management is also required to manage
the operational costs so that the company does not have to bear too much additional expenses in
the business operations. Furthermore, effective logistics management will enable the company to
have control over the secondary distribution process that in turn ensures proper quality of
products are delivered to the retail store at the right price such that the company can earn a good
value of profit from the sale of the on-demand items and products (Papadopoulos et al. 2016).
With proper quality, cost and availability of the on-trend products and items, customer
satisfaction can easily be increased as well as high amounts of profit can be generated from the
sales.
Task 2: ERP
ERP is an integrated business module that involves the aid of technology rather than only
involving manual processing. An ERP system has a number of useful sub-modules like CRM,
SCM, PLM, SRM and others that not only increase the efficiency of the business operations but
also the effectiveness of the system to produce error free results during the business related

6LOGISTICS AND SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT
operations (Leon 2014). Since the development of the ERP system, it has been able to replace
manual participation in the business processes as it can perform many types of operations like
budget management, accounting, processing of business data and others when proper instructions
and algorithms are used. In other words, instead of a manually managed system, which is prone
to errors, an entirely automated management system is used with minimum requirement for
manual handling. In addition, the entire business process including all its modules and
requirements are integrated into one common system that also decreases the operational cost of
the system significantly.
ERP system can also benefit Tesco UK significantly if the implementation process is
done in the right manner. Currently, there are a number of problems that Tesco faced related to
its business processes that are listed and explained as follows.
No Centralized Control – Currently, the business systems and modules of the company
are managed separately. For instance, there are separate departments for logistics and sales
management and there are no proper integration and as a result, no coordination between the two
departments (Tarhini, Ammar and Tarhini 2015). Hence, maintaining business continuity has
become a tough task for Tesco with the increase in the number of stores and departments of the
company. This situation can be avoided by integrating the entire system into one with
establishment of a centralized control over the organization’s business processes.
High Operational Costs – Due to the lack of integration between the various departments
of the company, the operational costs are also very high. For two related business processes of
the company, two operations are separately conducted whereas they could have been easily
completed by conducting both of them together. Furthermore, due to lack of coordination

7LOGISTICS AND SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT
between the departments of Tesco, each department makes contracts with different vendors or
suppliers at different prices (Seethamraju 2015). If the ERP system can be established, it will
integrate the entire system in such a way that the operations will be rearranged and performed as
per requirements. Furthermore, with integration of the departments, the contracts will be made
with one or two particular suppliers at fixed rates without having the experience high amounts of
losses.
It is evident that ERP system will significantly benefit the business of Tesco by reducing
operational costs that the company currently faces. Furthermore, with the development of
ecommerce of the company, the implementation of the ERP system can be very much useful in
integrating the ecommerce department to the retail chain, which is necessary to maintain
business continuity. With the sales in both retail and online, the system needs to update the
inventory such that they are no confusions regarding the availability of the stock (Tian and Xu
2015). For instance, if the inventory is not updated as per the sales, there may be a situation
when the online portal of Tesco.com shows stock for a particular product (let it be a tourist bag)
is available in the inventory whereas the customer is unable to purchase the same bag due to lack
of supply. This will significantly decrease the satisfaction of the customer as he will seek to buy
the product from a different company. The ERP system will easily solve this problem and will
perform all the processes independently without the requirement for manual management.
Furthermore, in cases of lack of stock, the ERP system will automatically report to the logistics
department to provide supply on immediate basis thus establishing business continuity within the
organization.

8LOGISTICS AND SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT
Task 3: Best Practices and Logistics
There are a number of best practices that Tesco UK can follow in order to reduce their
logistics costs and increase the efficiency of their business operations. Some of these best
practices are listed as follows.
Safety Practices – Logistics involve transportation of tons of goods in heavy vehicles that
also include a lot of labor from the workers in loading and dispatching the vehicles. Hence,
safety practices are to be done to ensure the health safety of the workers of the logistics
department (Bing et al. 2016). Safety hazards and accidents will incur significant additional costs
that will increase the overall logistics cost as well.
Management of Labor – Reduction of labor costs is an important attribute in reducing
the overall logistics cost. Instead of option for extra labor, the company should choose effective
labor that will require lesser manpower but more and efficient output (Gonzalez and Jabbour
2017). This will also reduce the labor costs even after providing additional incentives and other
benefits to the efficient workers.
Use of Technology – Technology can be effectively used to enhance the logistics
department and reduce the overall costs of logistics (Oliveira et al. 2015). Use of communication
devices and other technical tools can increase the efficiency of the logistics workers by 30%,
thus increasing the quantity and quality of the overall output.
3.0 Conclusion
This report depicts supply chain management and logistics in detail and establishes the
relationship between them in detail. It has been found that Tesco UK functions using a supply

9LOGISTICS AND SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT
chain business but due to lack of sufficient management of logistics, the company has
encountered high amount of losses. With the best practices of logistics management suggested,
the company should be able to recover the losses and establish an effective business system.
Furthermore, introduction of the ERP system will also integrate the entire business system of the
company with the development of a centralized and automated control of the all the operations.

10LOGISTICS AND SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT
References
Bing, X., Bloemhof, J.M., Ramos, T.R.P., Barbosa-Povoa, A.P., Wong, C.Y. and van der Vorst,
J.G., 2016. Research challenges in municipal solid waste logistics management. Waste
management, 48, pp.584-592.
Boonjing, V., Chanvarasuth, P. and Lertwongsatien, C., 2017. Supply Chain Management
Components and Firm Performance: Evidence from Thailand. Advanced Science Letters, 23(11),
pp.10652-10655.
Christopher, M., 2016. Logistics & supply chain management. Pearson UK.
Fernie, J. and Sparks, L., 2014. Logistics and retail management: emerging issues and new
challenges in the retail supply chain. Kogan page publishers.
Gonzalez, E.D.S. and Jabbour, C.J., 2017. Advances in supply chain and logistics management
for a more sustainable society: An introduction. Journal of Operations and Supply Chain
Management, 10(1), pp.1-2.
Hugos, M.H., 2018. Essentials of supply chain management. John Wiley & Sons.
Jacobs, F.R., Chase, R.B. and Lummus, R.R., 2014. Operations and supply chain management
(pp. 533-535). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
Leon, A., 2014. Enterprise resource planning. McGraw-Hill Education.
Monczka, R.M., Handfield, R.B., Giunipero, L.C. and Patterson, J.L., 2015. Purchasing and
supply chain management. Cengage Learning.

11LOGISTICS AND SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT
Oliveira, R.R., Cardoso, I.M., Barbosa, J.L., da Costa, C.A. and Prado, M.P., 2015. An
intelligent model for logistics management based on geofencing algorithms and RFID
technology. Expert Systems with Applications, 42(15-16), pp.6082-6097.
Papadopoulos, T., Gunasekaran, A., Dubey, R. and Balta, M., 2016. Big Data and RFID in
Supply Chain and Logistics Management: A Review of the Literature. Supply Chain
Management in the Big Data Era, p.108.
Schönsleben, P., 2016. Integral logistics management: operations and supply chain management
within and across companies. CRC Press.
Seethamraju, R., 2015. Adoption of software as a service (SaaS) enterprise resource planning
(ERP) systems in small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs). Information systems frontiers,
17(3), pp.475-492.
Stadtler, H., 2015. Supply chain management: An overview. In Supply chain management and
advanced planning (pp. 3-28). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.
Tarhini, A., Ammar, H. and Tarhini, T., 2015. Analysis of the critical success factors for
enterprise resource planning implementation from stakeholders’ perspective: A systematic
review. International Business Research, 8(4), p.25.
Tian, F. and Xu, S.X., 2015. How Do Enterprise Resource Planning Systems Affect Firm Risk?
Post-Implementation Impact. Mis Quarterly, 39(1).