A Comparative Analysis of Sustainability Principles: Australia & India

This report provides a comparative analysis of sustainability principles, focusing on energy and water conservation efforts in Australia and India. It examines governmental regulations, technological innovations, and activities undertaken by the private sector and non-governmental organizations in both countries. The report discusses energy sustainability, including the use of renewable resources and energy efficiency measures. It also covers water sustainability, addressing water management policies, technological advancements in water conservation, and exemplar projects. The report highlights the initiatives taken by both governments, the role of technological advancements, and the involvement of private and non-governmental sectors in promoting sustainability. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of sustainability practices and the need for continuous efforts to conserve resources and maintain ecological balance for future generations. The report aims to provide a comprehensive overview of sustainability practices and their impact on the environment. This report is contributed by a student to be published on the website Desklib. Desklib is a platform which provides all the necessary AI based study tools for students.

Running Head: Principles of Sustainability
Principles of Sustainability

Principles of Sustainability 1
Contents
Introduction.................................................................................................................................................1
Energy sustainability....................................................................................................................................1
Water sustainability.....................................................................................................................................5
Conclusion...................................................................................................................................................8
References...................................................................................................................................................9

Principles of Sustainability 2
Introduction
Sustainability refers to the ability to initiate activities in such a manner that natural resources are
saved and ecological balance is sustained in the organization. All people present in the
environment shall understand the need to address the future problems which can attract the world
if the natural resources get depleted. So, to initiate the purpose of using the resources efficiently,
sustainability approach was implemented to spread awareness regarding nature.
The report discusses about the energy and water sustainability activities implemented in
Australia and India. Further the report also talks about the governmental regulation,
technological innovation, and activities implemented by private sector and exemplar projects as
well. Energy sustainability refers to the process of consuming energy in such a way that energy
is saved and not wasted in any activities performed by them. Initiation of sustainable energy
refers to the process of using hydroelectricity, solar energy etc. to save it for future generation.
Water sustainability refers to the process of properly using water so that it saved for the
consumption by future generation (Ioannou, and Serafeim 2016). The main reason behind
sustainability is to save the scarce resources so that it is saved for the use of upcoming
generation. Future activities taken by Australia and India on account of sustainability are
discussed below:
Energy sustainability
Purpose Australia India
Government
Regulations
 The government of Australia
established standards and
programs with the aid of which
energy efficiency is maintained
and an economic solution is
adopted by the companies to
change over all state of the
country.
 The country operated energy
exchange management tips so that
they can efficiently advice the
small, medium and large
Australian corporates to initiate
 India being the fourth
highest energy
consumer is in extreme
need to implement
regulation which shall
help the country to
make use of energy
sustainably.
 The renewable energy
targets assisted the
households of the
country to make use of
renewable technologies

Principles of Sustainability 3
sustainable activities (Australian
Government 2017).
 A great emphasis on laid on
energy efficiency by the
government. The government
initiated many law such as
Environment Protection and
Biodiversity Conservation Act
1999, Building Energy Efficiency
Disclosure (BEED) Act 2010,
Ozone Protection and Synthetic
Greenhouse Gas Management
Amendment Act 2010, Energy
Efficiency in Government
Operations (EEGO) Policy (2006),
Australian Government ICT
Sustainability Plan (ICTSP) 2010-
2015 etc. which acted in favor of
the situation and issued certain
legislation which helped the
countrymen to implement such
activities.
 The country created $2. 55 billion
Emission Reduction Fund and
Safeguard Mechanism, this
process complemented the
Renewable energy target
implemented by the country.
 The Emission Reduction Fund
stated that government will
provide incentives to the company
who emit less carbon as compared
to their margins and imposes
penalty on companies who emits
more (Australian Government
2017).
 The country made a National
Energy Productivity Plan which
stated regulations to improve the
productivity by 40 per cent
between the years 2015 and 2030.
to develop the
sustainability (Reegle
2017).
 The Ministry of Non-
Renewable Resource
India implement
various action plans
like, Grid Interactive
Renewable Power
which involved the
power generation
through solar, wind,
biomass, small hydro
etc. power.
 Also they reduced the
use of fossil fuel and
replaced it with some
alternatives so that
sustainable
development is
initiated in the
company.
Technological
innovation
 There are a numerous innovative
technologies which the
government of Australia
implemented so that sustainable
development is initiated.
 There are a numerous
technological changes
which India
implemented to change
like initiation of low

Principles of Sustainability 4
 The country compressed the air in
a container and used it as a source
of creating energy. Various tools
like, jackhammers, drills, spray-
painters were used by companies
to manufacture and generate
energy from various other source.
This technological innovation was
originated and implemented under
the surveillance of the
government, also this techniques
helped to use alternatives instead
of wasting energy. Thus, in this
way by compressing air, people of
Australia made use of energy
sustainably (Australian
Government 2017).
 Another way in which the country
issued technological
implementation in the
management process is by
investing in motor operation
efficiently so that within minimum
cost production of efficient
machines is made. Such machines
help the country to make use of
less energy resources, due to
which ultimately energy is saved
and used efficiently by people
prevailing in Australia. Electric
model for cars was initiated so that
low energy resources are reduced
and environment becomes healthy.
This process reduced the demand
for motive power.
carbon emission
products, distribution
of on-site generation of
renewable energy like
solar panel etc.
 The country initiated
use of LED lights
which helped the
government to reduce
less energy as
compared to old
halogens. Companies
and households
collectively reduced
the use of energy
(Ministry of new and
renewable energy
2017). Apart from that
the quality of product
was also improved
with the use of such
products
 The dignitary of
ministry of climate
change India affirmed
that they want a
sustainable growth of
India with greenery all
around. For that they
initiated mission
innovation under
which 5 year clean
energy development
plan was introduced by
the country.
Activities of
private and non-
governmental
sectors
 There are many co-operative
societies in Australia which
assisted the activities of the
country to initiate sustainability in
energy resources. Some are
namely, Alternative Technology
Association, Energy Efficiency
Council etc.
 The Alternative Technology
Association serves more than 5000
members in the country. The
 Many plans related to
the energy efficiency
are implemented in
India, so that future
growth is sustained in
the country.
 80 per cent of oil
which is consumed by
citizens of India is
imported from other
countries, considering

Principles of Sustainability 5
process helps people to develop an
understanding relating to
sustainable use of resources in
their day to day activities. It helps
the company to develop good
practices in their organization
culture (Australian Government
2017).
that effect many
private sector
organizations takes the
initiative to spread
awareness regarding
the misuse of such
resources.
 Energy Conservation
Act (EC Act), Bureau
of Energy Efficiency
(BEE) is some of the
legal bodies and acts
which define and
govern such activities.
The private sector
helps the government
sector to circulate the
information provided
by such organization
throughout the country.
Exemplar Project  The exemplar project for energy
efficiency in Australia would
define a model under which less
motor vehicle are consumed by the
people. Apart from that, this model
shall also state the legislative
regulation which the government
shall impose if people emit more
carbon through their activities or
they waste the resources.
 The exemplar project
for the country India to
initiate energy
sustainability shall be
actively concentrate by
the government of
India as India ranks
one of the top countries
which uses energy. So,
reduction in supply of
energy resources shall
be initiated so that
there is a decline in use
and wastage of such
resources.
 Apart from that the
government shall
impose high tax on the
consumption of such
resources so that
people wisely use it
and do not attract
penalties (MNRE
2011).
 The common people of
India shall also initiate

Principles of Sustainability 6
innovative activities in
their day to day
activities so that they
also save these
resources for the future
generation.
 Lastly, sustainability is
not a motive; it is a
practice which shall is
initiated by all people.
So, a committee shall
be formed in the
country to monitor the
activities implemented
for this purpose.
Water sustainability
Purpose Australia India
Government
regulations
 The department of Australian
government initiated
environmental sustainability policy
throughout the country so as to
promote sustainability by actions
as well. The objective of the
government with initiation of this
policy is to regulate environmental
performance of the country so that
they do not lack behind in terms of
environmental sustainability
worldwide.
 The government of Australia
outlined various policies which
helped the country to manage the
water scarcity. Some the acts were
initiated namely, Environment
Protection and Biodiversity
Conservation Act 1999, State
Government Water Legislation and
Regulations, such as the Water
Management Act were introduced
which defined the measures and
actions of the government to
conserve water (Henley 2013).
 National Groundwater
Management
Improvement
Programme was
initiated by the
government to set
measures so that
ground water depletion
can be controlled.
 Ministry of Drinking
Water & Sanitation
initiated to make use of
rooftop water
harvesting process
(Ministry of new and
renewable energy
2017).
 Also the ministry
adopted budgetary
system to purchase
machineries for water
sustainability process.
 Apart from that Hydro-
Meteorological Data
Dissemination Policy
by Ministry of Water

Principles of Sustainability 7
Resources was
originated to aim the
conservation of use of
water. Government
bodies were authorized
under this process to
make them liable for
the work holding in
their areas.
Technological
innovation
 It has been noticed that in
Australia there is irregular climate
change which is adversely
affecting the state of people.
 To save water depletion from the
country, they implemented
technological advancement
techniques like, Waterset which
helped the people of Australia to
use less water in their day to day
activities.
 The country developed new water
sources, and recycled the energy to
use water. Apart from that they
build infrastructure in such a way
that water co-operation activities
are maintained by people in the
country (Australian Government
2017).
 The water use calculator helped
people to analyze their saving plan
and tailor their household activities
 The Indian Institute of
Technology Madras,
initiates activities to
make use of impure
water to change it so
that it becomes usable
for people of the
country (National
Innovation Foundation
India, 2017).
 Many techniques like
rain water syringe,
water extraction etc.
were implemented by
the commoners of the
country. They helped
the people around their
city to properly make
use of water using such
techniques.
Activities of
private and non-
governmental
sectors
 The water co-operation of
Australia works with a motive to
help people to save water and
perform activities which make use
of water resources efficiently.
 The water calculator project was
also initiated by the water co-
operation only; they also made use
of social media to spread
awareness regarding adequate use
of water and adequate supply of
water.
 Many private companies and
nonprofit organization worked in
favor to supply efficient use of
 The technology present
in the country India
removes bacteria and
microbes and other
particles present in the
water which make the
impure. They remove
those using
nanoparticles of silver
ions which help in
destroying
contaminated particles
and making it useful to
work (National
Innovation Foundation

Principles of Sustainability 8
water in the country. They also
made use of water resources in
their organization which supply
optimum water to people and
make less wastage (Australian
Government 2017).
India 2017).
 Non-profit
organizations play a
significant role in India
to save water. They
form group and
marches on road to
spread awareness
around the city.
 Swajaldhara, total
sanitation program etc.
are some of the
initiative taken by them
to avoid wastage of
water in household
chores and factory
premises. Strict
regulations were
imposed on them if
they do not follow such
rules (Ministry of
Water Resources,
River Development
and Ganga
Rejuvenation 2017).
Exemplar
Projects
 The exemplar project which shall
be developed by the citizen of
Australia and the government shall
include strict regulation for the use
of water and its wastage in the
environment. Awareness shall be
spread to all groups of people so
that they understand the need of
the era.
 Apart from that the model shall
also develop tools and machines
which efficiently supply water to
people without wasting it.
 The process which
India shall implement
to save water to
through using
innovative techniques
and adequately
implementing them in
the country. Most of
the activities in the
country are left in the
middle only due to
which no effective
change is created in the
country. So, they shall
form strategies to
properly implement
techniques to save
water (National
Innovation Foundation
India 2017).

Principles of Sustainability 9
Conclusion
Talking about the companies and their sustainability issues, the fact shall be noted that both the
countries have their different issues related to the sustainability of energy and water. And the
resolutions adopted by the company also have their significance differently. Further companies
strategies defined by both the companies, it shall be noted that Australia being a comparatively
bigger countries have different problems and innovative and technological solutions for them.
So, the country implements sustainability in a better way. Apart from that the major issue which
Indian citizen faces is that they do not have adequate understanding regarding their rules and
laws, so the initial responsibility of the government and its member is to spread the information
to all.
Apart from that it shall also be taken in accounts that India is a developing country due to which
they do not have enough resources and they are marginalizing the consumption already. So, the
above mentioned strategies provide adequate response to the sustainability issue related with the
country India. Thus, in the limelight of above mentioned events the fact that shall be noted is that
different countries apply different strategies but at the end the main purpose of all these
strategies is to initiate sustainability in the management so that future generation is saved (Crane,
and Matten 2016).
Further another fact which shall be taken into consideration is that India being a developing
country and Australia being a developed country has different issues and solve their issues
differently. One way which India can learn from the activities of Australia is that how manage
activities in an innovative manner. Like, Australia makes use of their technological innovation in
saving energy and water in the country, similarly India shall also learn to adopt such innovative
techniques in their management process. Concluding to above statement it shall be considered
that all countries shall aim to implement sustainable techniques to save resources in their
country.

Principles of Sustainability 10
References
Australian Government, 2017., Energy Information. Viewed on October 6, 2017 from <
http://www.environment.gov.au/energy/information>
Henley, W., 2013. The new water technologies that could save the planet. Viewed on October 6,
2017 from < https://www.theguardian.com/sustainable-business/new-water-technologies-save-
planet>
Australian Government, 2017. National Strategy for Ecologically Sustainable Development -
Part 1 Introduction. Viewed on October 6, 2017 from < http://www.environment.gov.au/about-
us/esd/publications/national-esd-strategy-part1>
Ministry of new and renewable energy, 2017. Policies. Viewed on October 6, 2017 from <
http://mnre.gov.in/information/policies-2/>
MNRE, 2011. STRATEGIC PLAN FOR NEW AND RENEWABLE ENERGY SECTOR FOR THE
PERIOD 2011-17. MINISTRY OF NEW AND RENEWABLE ENERGY.
National Innovation Foundation India, 2017. Water Conservation. Viewed on October 6, 2017
from < http://nif.org.in/water_related_technologies>
Ministry of Water Resources, River Development and Ganga Rejuvenation, 2017. National
Groundwater Management Improvement Programme.Viewed on October 6, 2017 from
http://wrmin.nic.in/forms/list.aspx?lid=1261
Crane, A. and Matten, D., 2016. Business ethics: Managing corporate citizenship and
sustainability in the age of globalization. Oxford University Press.
Ioannou, I. and Serafeim, G., 2016. The consequences of mandatory corporate sustainability
reporting: evidence from four countries.
Australian Government, 2017. Environment. Viewed on October 6, 2017 from <
http://www.australia.gov.au/information-and-services/environment>

Principles of Sustainability 11
Australian government, 2017., Energy. Viewed on October 6, 2017 from <
http://www.australia.gov.au/information-and-services/environment/energy>
Reegle., 2017. India (2014). Viewed on October 6, 2017 from < http://www.reegle.info/policy-
and-regulatory-overviews/IN>