Report: Sustainable Construction and Logistic Sources Analysis

This report provides a detailed analysis of sustainable construction and logistic sources for a shopping center project. It begins by describing four types of renewable energy sources: solar, wind, geothermal, and hydroelectricity, and how they can be applied to the project. The report then identifies and discusses the challenges of sustainable construction, including capital costs, design processes, waste disposal, and team management. Part B delves into procurement, productivity, supply chain management, and purchasing processes for various resources such as human resources, technology, land, and machinery. The report also identifies potential risks during construction and suggests mitigation strategies. Finally, the report recommends the application of active or passive systems for the shopping center project to minimize negative environmental impacts and concludes with a summary of the key findings and recommendations.

SUSTAINABLE
CONSTRUCTION AND
LOGISTIC SOURCES

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
PART A...........................................................................................................................................1
i. Describing four different types of renewable energy sources..................................................1
ii. Presenting sustainable challenge within production stage of project......................................2
PART B...........................................................................................................................................4
i. Explaining procurement and productivity of different resources, supply chain and
purchasing process.......................................................................................................................4
ii. Identification of different risk and dealing with those risk.....................................................6
PART C...........................................................................................................................................8
i. Application of active or passive system for the shopping centre project.................................8
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................9
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................10

INTRODUCTION
Sustainable construction is the practice through which healthy environment is created by
complying with ecological principles which are conserve, reuse, recycle, protect nature, create
non-toxic and high quality. In the same way, current report is also shed a light upon sustainable
projects and different practice associated with a project. The report is based upon the project in
which project manager wants to build shopping center whose duration is 36 months and client
also wants to minimize its negative environmental impact. For that report will discuss different
types of renewable energy sources for project and examine the challenges which a project
manager faces during production stage. Also, study will explain procurement and productivity of
different resources, supply chain and purchasing process. Further determine the risk associated
with project during production stage with dealing options and lastly it recommend the suitable
option that helps to implement any tool that do not cause any negative impact.
PART A
i. Describing four different types of renewable energy sources
The four different types of renewable energy sources for the project are as mentioned
below:
Solar energy: It is one of the best renewable resource in which energy is directly
consumed through sun. While building shopping mall, project manager may install Photovoltaic
system that assist to convert sunlight into electricity. On the other side, solar hot water systems
are also used to heat buildings, as a result, in UK most of the residential buildings are also uses
this energy sources in order to minimize the electricity bill as well as energy cost (Different
renewable source of energy, 2020). These system changes sunlight into electricity through solar
panels and converted into usable electricity by inverter that helps to provide electricity directly
from sun. Thus, project manager may use this system as a renewable energy source that assist to
protect environment from negative impact.
Wind energy: It is another source of clean energy which also contribute towards
environment. Recently, most of the project manager uses this type. Such that it is considered a
form of solar energy because of uneven heating and cooling of atmosphere cause winds. The
flow of wind is captured by wind turbines and then converted the same into electricity. This type
of energy is used for both small and big scale business such that for commercial grade, wind
power generating systems are available to meet the renewable energy sources (Sher and et.al.,
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2020). In the same way, to build the shopping center, project manager may also install this
system in order to generate energy.
Geothermal energy source: Another renewable source in which heat can be captured and
the heat collected can be used to generate electricity. This type of energy is used to heat
structures such that buildings, parking lots and sidewalks. In addition to this, geothermal energy
is a part of commercial utility energy solution on a large scale which is a part of a sustainable
practice on local level (Gamez and et.al., 2017). In the same way, for building shopping center,
there is a need to use this source of energy which in turn help to grow greenhouse plants so that
it will not cause any negative impact upon environment.
Hydroelectricity energy: It is another renewable energy source which is used to generate
electricity. Such that large dams and reservoir are created that helps to create controlled flow of
water and it is considered more reliable than solar. Project manager may use this source of
energy in order to produce electricity in which it won’t pollute the air like power plants that
further burn fossil fuels like coal and gas (Poudyal and et.al., 2019). Therefore, this source of
energy is also beneficial for project manager in order to develop best outcome and as a result,
sustainable products are used that helps to meet the demand as well.
Therefore, from the above four option, it is analyzed that these four options are quite
beneficial for project manager and did not cause any negative impact upon environment. Also, it
is easy to install such plants that assist to reduce energy cost and protect environment from the
same. As the cost of the project is also not so big and that is why, generating energy from these
sources are more beneficial as compared to other ones.
ii. Presenting sustainable challenge within production stage of project
There are many challenges which a project manager faces while developing a new
building and these challenges are related to sustainability. Some of them are as mentioned
below: Capital cost: as per the economic perspective, capital cost is considered one of the major
issue that may affect the overall building brand image. Normally, to invest money for
normal building is easy, but for sustainable buildings, it is not easy to invest such a huge
amount. Hence, it is analyzed that due to lack of accurate, quantifiable information with
regards to financial and economic impact of high performance buildings (Schwerhoff
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and Sy, 2017). Thus, this high dollar cost is considered one of the biggest issue for the
company which must be minimized. Design process: There is low understanding of available green options by professionals
and this may include insufficient knowledge to produce specifications, lack of available
high performance materials, difficulty to gain approval of new technology etc. Thus it is
analyzed that due to not having standard assessment criteria, the entire layout of the
building got affected and that is why, there is a huge loss of capital. On the other side, if
the project manager does not have effective resources which assist to implement the
overall project in better manner, then it will somehow lead to cause negative impact upon
performance of project during its production stage. Waste disposal: It is another sustainable challenge which a project manager faces, it is so
because during construction, many raw materials are wasted. This in turn cause negative
impact upon the environment (Adesina and et.al., 2017). Hence, it is examining that there
is a need to reduce the chances of waste, also excessive use of natural resources also
leads to deplete the natural resources which in turn creates negative impact upon
business. As a result, if these waste are not minimizing then it will lead to cause negative
impact upon environment. In the context of producing shopping mall, project manager
may face issue of diminishing the landfill space due to over usage of disposed waste that
some affect the overall environment in negative manner.
 Mismanagement in team members: It is another challenge which a project manages face
in order to managing the work. Such that all the team members are belongs to different
culture and this in turn cause negative impact upon project due to lack of
communication. Hence, it is analyzed that this issue may cause negative impact upon
project which in turn did not able to meet the define aim (Bouma, Montanarella and
Evanylo, 2019). Hence, it is examining that project manager should choose their team
members who are able to accomplish the set target and this in turn generate the best
outcome.
Hence, it is examining that these type of challenges affect the overall working
environment and may also cause delay the project as well. That is why, it is necessary for the
project manager to implement the strategy in order to develop solutions which in turn
successfully implement the new project within business.
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PART B
i. Explaining procurement and productivity of different resources, supply chain and purchasing
process
To construct the shopping mall, project manager need range of resources that
assist to successfully implement the project. In the same way, project manager should make sure
that the selected resources must comply with standard criteria so that it will not cause any
negative impact upon overall projects. There are different types of resources which the
construction manager need to access for the better working of the construction project (Shan,
Hwang and Zhu, 2017). In addition to this if the company will not involve the resources in
proper and effective manner then this will affect the working of the whole project. The major
resources for the construction of the
Resource Procurement Productivity Supply chain Purchasing
process
Human resource The procurement
of the human
resource for the
construction
project will be
done with the
help of external
recruitment like
advertisement,
employment
exchange and
many others.
The productivity
of the human
resource need to
be high as they
have to complete
all the task and if
they will not be
productive then
this will affect
the working to
great extent.
The supply chain
involves the
direct interview
wherein the
candidate can
directly come for
the interview. On
the other side the
other one is
getting the
people being
called through
employment
exchange or
from contractors.
The human
resources will be
hired on the basis
of the salary
which will be
either per day or
every month.
Technology The technology
is the major
resource because
When the
technology will
be implemented
The technology
will be supplied
directly from the
The procurement
process will
include either the
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if the technology
will not be good
and effective
then this will
have a great
impact over the
working. Thus,
procurement of
different
technology will
take place
directly by
purchasing the
technology or the
license of using
the technology.
and adapted in
the construction
of the shopping
center then this
will increase the
productivity of
the employees.
This is
particularly
because of the
reason that this
will increase the
efficiency of the
company.
owner of the
technology
(Ogunde and
et.al., 2017).
direct purchase
or taking the
technology on
lease from the
owner of the
technology.
Land As per the set
budget limit,
project manager
uses general
contracting as a
procurement
method. With the
help of such
strategy, land can
be procured for
the specific
tenure.
The land is said
to be productive
when it is
situated on the
prime location
and meet all the
requirement that
helps to build the
shopping mall.
Also, project
manager should
make sure that it
is safe from other
hazard as well
(Copestake and
The supply chain
of land are the
brokers who
assist the
business to
determine the
best land. Also, it
is comprised of
all the business
and individual
who provide the
land to final
buyer
The purchasing
process of a land
is start from the
broker who offer
the land at
minimum cost so
that it will not
cause any
negative impact.
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et.al., 2016).
Machinery and
other relevant
equipment
Competitive
bidding is used
as a procurement
method in which
project manager
buy the
equipment as per
their availability.
All the machines
and equipment
should met the
standard criteria
so that it is more
productive
The supply chain
of the machinery
and other
relevant
equipment may
varies from
transportation
All the resources
are purchased
from the
suppliers so that
it will helps to
meet the define
aim of the
project.
ii. Identification of different risk and dealing with those risk
At the time of the making and constructing the building there are many different types of
risk which the contractor can face. The risk is the possibility that something can happen bad or
wrong in the near future (Tabassi and et.al., 2016). When a person is being involved in the
making and constructing of the shopping center then also there are many different types of risk
which affect the construction project. Analyzing the risk is the most important thing for the
success of the project. The major reason underlying this fact is that when the company will
analyses all the possible risk then they will have an idea that if the risk will occur then what
action they have to take. The risk which might occur in the construction of the project of
shopping center is a follows-
Risk Impact Mitigating strategy
Labor shortage- this is the risk
which can occur at any time of
the project. Under this the
labor doing the work is either
not present or is not interested
in the working in the present
given situation.
The impact of this risk is high
as if the labor will not be there
then the whole project and its
working will be hampered
(Erdogan, Šaparauskas and
Turskis, 2019).
The mitigating strategy for
this risk is that the project
manager or the site manager
must always have alternative
labor force available. This is
necessary as if any case the
labor is not present then this
will provide the construction
site with an alternate already
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available.
Technological advancement-
this is a risk which can occur
at any time of the project. The
major reason for this is that in
the technological sector that
there are many changes which
continuously taking place in
the technological
environment.
The impact of this is medium
as it is not possible that every
technological change will
affect the working of the
shopping center.
The mitigating strategy of this
is risk is that the manager
must hire a person who will be
responsible for only the
analysis and researching for
the technological changes
taking place in the
environment. If these changes
will be relevant for the
construction of the shopping
center then it is the
responsibility of the person to
make a plan that how the
change will be adapted within
the business.
Financial risk- this is also a
type of risk which the
construction project might
face wherein they may face
the shortage of the finance or
any other contingent expenses
which may occur during the
construction project.
The impact of this is high as if
the finance will be short then
this will have a great impact
over the working of the whole
project.
The mitigating strategy for
this is that the construction
project manager must have in
advance all the details relating
to the sources of finance from
which they can borrow the
money. In addition to this the
company must also have some
of the contingent fund which
need to be used in case of the
emergency only.
Political instability- this is
also a type of risk which
might occur and impact the
construction project to a great
The impact of this risk is low
as if the change will not be
related to the current
construction project then this
The mitigating strategy will be
that the construction project
will be that the company must
have all the details relating to
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extent. Under this there can be
some changes in the
construction laws or the
political condition to the
country.
will not involve much of the
changes.
the changes taking place in the
political environment and if
the change is relevant then
this need to be adopted
otherwise not (Ismael and
Shealy, 2018).
PART C
i. Application of active or passive system for the shopping centre project
For the project of the shopping mall there are two different types of system which can be
used that is active and the passive system. The passive system is the one which involves the
structures on which the design is being placed and the materials are being brought on that basis
only (Urbański, Haque and Oino, 2019). In addition to this the active system are the one which
have the devices which converts the energy of the sun in the more usable format like the hot
water and the electricity. In addition to this the passive strategies are the one which utilizes the
thigs which the nature provides to for the building of the shopping mall. On the other side the
active building strategies are the one which undertakes the use of the purchased energy.
Hence, for the construction of the new shopping center the major system used will be the passive
system. Under the passive system the different types of tools and techniques used are as follows-
 Green roof- this is a technique in which the company will include a covering of the roof
of the shopping center with a good set of well- structured vegetation being planted. This
will be done majorly because of the reason that when the company will undertake the use
of this technique then this will reduce the urban heat island effect and also it will keep
the temperature of the shopping mall cool. This will create a good impact over the
environment and as a result of this the sustainability will increase.
 Natural cross ventilation- this is another major technique under the passive system
which can be utilized in the proper management of the sustainable building of the
shopping center. Under this technique the natural cross ventilation is being occurring
when the air enters within the premises through windows on one side and exit from the
other side of the premises. This natural cross ventilation creates a good impact over the
8

sustainability of the building and will keep the environment of the building healthy and
safe (Adeleke and et.al., 2019).
All the use of the passive techniques and tools the most essential thing for the company
is always create a positive impact over the environment. The major reason for this is that all the
passive activity techniques are being used with the help of the natural resources only. Thus, this
creates a positive impact over the working of the company as well as the environment also.
Hence, when shopping mall will use the green roof then this will increase the plantation in the
environment and will increase the environment in better and effective manner.
CONCLUSION
From the above study it was evaluated that the sustainable construction is very important
for the effective completion of the project. This practice involves doing the construction with
taking care of the environment and considering all the ethical and ecological principles. The
current report evaluated that major renewable energies are solar, wind, hydroelectricity and the
geothermal energy. Further this discussed that major challenges in production stage are design
process, capital cost and many others. Further it was evaluated that the major resources for
construction project are land, machines, human resource and many others. Furthermore, it was
evaluated that there are many different types of risk in the construction project like financial,
shortage of risk and many others. In the end the different passive system of construction like
natural air ventilation and green roof was discussed.
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