This report presents a comprehensive case study of agriculture and sustainable development in Libya, examining the country's agrarian changes. It explores the historical shift from an agricultural economy to one dominated by oil and gas, detailing the impact on agricultural practices, land use, and economic indicators. The report analyzes the challenges faced by the Libyan agricultural sector, including desertification, water scarcity, and soil degradation, while also highlighting the importance of agricultural policies and economic diversification. The study reviews the literature on agricultural development, sustainable practices, and the role of government and private sectors in promoting growth. It also discusses research methodologies, aims, and objectives, providing a detailed overview of the significance and relevance of sustainable agriculture in Libya's long-term economic strategy. The report emphasizes the need to diversify the economy to reduce dependence on oil and ensure a sustainable future for Libya.