Sustainable Design 2: Comprehensive Analysis of Product Service System

This report delves into the critical issue of single-use plastic bottles and their detrimental impact on the environment. It identifies key stakeholders, including individuals, environmental entities, governmental bodies, and business organizations, highlighting their roles and responsibilities. The analysis defines the scope of the problem and advocates for a systems thinking approach to develop alternative products and services. The conceptual development of a product service system is explored, emphasizing the need to understand consumer behavior and provide viable alternatives. A sustainable design checklist is proposed, alongside a designer's roadmap that prioritizes 100% recyclability. The report evaluates the sustainability of potential solutions and recommends future actions, including promoting environmental responsibility. It emphasizes the importance of technological innovation and responsible consumer behavior to mitigate the adverse effects of plastic waste. The report provides a comprehensive overview of the problem, potential solutions, and the importance of sustainable design principles.

Running head: SUSTAINABLE DESIGN 2: PRODUCT SERVICE SYSTEM
Sustainable Design 2: Product Service System
Name of the Student:
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SUSTAINABLE DESIGN 2: PRODUCT SERVICE SYSTEM
Contents
Topic:...............................................................................................................................................2
Identification of stakeholders:.........................................................................................................2
Definition of scope and approach to system thinking:....................................................................3
Conceptual development of product service system:......................................................................3
Sustainable design checklist:...........................................................................................................4
Designer’s road map:.......................................................................................................................4
Observation:.....................................................................................................................................5
Sustainability evaluation:.................................................................................................................5
Recommendation as to the future actions:.......................................................................................6
References:......................................................................................................................................7

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Topic:
There are billions of single used plastic bottles that are thrown away into the environment each
year. The adverse impact of it on the environment is beyond imaginable for most of the users
using and throwing away single used plastic bottles. Designing a product to deal with this huge
problem, can be referred to as crisis also to reduce the use of single used plastic bottles and
products is the topic of discussion here.
Identification of stakeholders:
The stakeholders of single used plastic bottles and products are identified below.
People: The people are the biggest stakeholders as the harmful effects of single used plastic
products on environment is creating number of health issues for the human beings.
Environment: The use and throw approach of single used plastic products has resulted in
contamination of sea water, contamination of air and the overall damage to the environment.
Immediate steps must be taken to reduce the use of single used plastic products to save the
environment from ever degradation resulting from use and throw approach of single used plastic
products (Zhang et al., 2018).
Government: Government of a place has the responsibility to control the sue of single used
plastic products however, with huge proportion of population dependent on the use of products
which are made of plastic the task of the government has never been more difficult and complex.
Business organizations: Many business organizations are dependent on the use of single used
plastic products thus, complete banning of single used products would create huge problem for

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such organizations resulting in loss of employment and production thus, business organizations
are an important stakeholder in this matter.
Definition of scope and approach to system thinking:
The scope is quite broad as there must be a new or alternative products and / or ways to deal with
the ever growing problem of single used plastic products and their harmful effects on the
environment and the society. Developing a product to reduce the use of single used plastic
products is the objective and the approach must be suitable for the development of alternative
product / products to deal with the immediate threat to the environment that singled used plastic
products pose (Grace, 2016).
Innovation and technological growth has made huge impact on the day to day lives of billions of
people in all across the globe. Making effective use of scientific advancement including
innovation and technology to develop a product or products to deal with the issue of single used
plastic products and the wastage created as a result of dumping these products into environment.
Recycling, alternative use apart from reduction in the use of single used plastic products are the
way forward for the next generation to deal with the huge threat that the single used plastic
products pose to the environment.
Conceptual development of product service system:
The product is expected to provide the users of single used plastic products alternative means to
satisfy their requirements of using single used products. Thus, firstly, the number of different
usage of single products in the daily life of an average person must be assessed carefully. It is
only after a complete understanding of each and every single use of single used plastic in the life
of an individual that it would be possible to develop a product or products to provide the

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individuals with alternative options to stop use single used plastic products. Thus, the conceptual
development has to be started right from the use of single used plastic products in the daily lives
of people to designing a product or system to reduce the use of it (Stoney, 2017).
Sustainable design checklist:
A sustainable design checklist must be followed while developing a product meant to provide
alternatives to billions across the globe to encourage them to shun the use of single used plastic
products in favor of the alternative product / products. The sustainable checklist for the product
includes the following:
Whether the product is really an alternative to the single used plastic product it meant to replace?
Whether the product has any harmful effects on the environment?
Is the product sustainable in the long run?
The cost of product must be within the range of the product it meant to replace.
Does the product must satisfy the requirements of the users?
Is the product recyclable?
Designer’s road map:
With the use of technology it has become possible for some products to be recycled fully, i.e.
100% recyclable products. Such products are extremely friendly to the environment as 100% of
the embodied materials used for the development of the product can be recaptured and reused for
development of similar or other products. The following road map must be followed in this case

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to develop a product suitable to replace the single used plastic products to reduce the use of the
later (Tucker and Askman, 2017).
Observation:
Taking into consideration design and concept of developing an alternative product to reduce the
use of single used plastic product it is clear that the need of the hour is to develop such kind of
products and services to reduce the burden on the environment. Single used plastic products is
one of the biggest environment hazard and immediate solution to this environmentally harmful
product is to make optimum use of technology to develop a product suitable to replace the single
used plastic complexly and fully. The diagram below shows the system stakeholders’ map to
depict the entire process to reduce the use of single used plastic products by concentrating on
100% recycling of the products.
Designing disposable
product
Ensuring the product
is 100% recyclable
Life cycle of the
product must be kept
in mind to ensure it
has no harmful effects
on the environment

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System stakeholders’ map.
Sustainability evaluation:
Evaluation of the alternative product as to its sustainability also critical to the overall objective of
reducing the use of single used plastic bottles and other products. The alternative product must
be sustainable and with a product which is 100% recyclable it would be possible to achieve
sustainability (Opinion of the Scientific Panel on additives and products, 2017).
Recommendation as to the future actions:
The future course of action includes apart from developing alternative products to the single used
plastic bottles and products, for the human society to be more responsible towards the
environment. It is important to be responsible and reduce the use of all products and services

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which are creating and increasing the environmental imbalance. Behaving in responsible manner
is the only way forward to reduce the harmful effects of different products and services on the
environment.

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References:
Grace, R. (2016). Building Effective Interdisciplinary Product Development Teams. Plastics
Engineering, 72(4), pp.4-6.
Opinion of the Scientific Panel on additives and products. (2017). EFSA Journal, 7(5), p.168.
Stoney, C. (2017). Integrity of Active Components of Botanical Products Used in
Complementary and Alternative Medicine. JAMA, 307(24), p.1995.
Tucker, D. and Askman, T. (2017). Using Roundtable Plastic Design Reviews to Improve
Tooling for New-Product Development. Plastics Engineering, 73(1), pp.38-43.
Zhang, Y., Yu, Z., Song, X., Yuan, Y. and Cao, X. (2018). Effects of modified clay used for the
control of harmful algal blooms on Alexandrium pacificum cysts. Harmful Algae, 72(7), pp.36-
45.

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