Annotated Bibliography on Sustainable Tourism Management Practices

This annotated bibliography examines five articles focused on sustainable tourism management. The first article explores the impact of behavioral interventions and social marketing on sustainable tourism practices, highlighting the effects of emissions and socio-technical systems. The second article reviews the sustainability levels in the tourism industry, emphasizing the importance of reducing environmental degradation. The third article analyzes trends and patterns in sustainable tourism research over the past 25 years, discussing the evolution of the field. The fourth article focuses on indigenous peoples and tourism, addressing the challenges and opportunities for sustainable practices within indigenous communities. Finally, the fifth article investigates stakeholders' perspectives on sustainable tourism development, using a new approach to measure outcomes in protected areas. The bibliography emphasizes the interconnectedness of environmental, social, and economic factors in sustainable tourism.

Running head: SUSTAINABLE TOURISM MANAGEMENT
SUSTAINABLE TOURISM MANAGEMENT
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author Note

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Executive Summary
The analysis that has been made is mainly based on the activities related to sustainable
tourism that have been performed in different countries. The five articles are based on the
different aspects based in sustainable tourism. The relationship with sustainable tourism and
the communities that exist in different areas or countries are considered to be the most
important part of the analysis that has been made in the report in detail. The articles have
been able to confirm that the activities based on sustainable tourism have been able to affect
the sustainable tourism related activities that are performed in different organizations. The
levels of importance of sustainable tourism have been analysed in the annotated bibliography.
The articles have been able to provide a major picture based on the ways by which
sustainable tourism has gained major levels of importance in the industry. The authors have
been able to conclude that the process of sustainable tourism has become highly important for
the effective operations of the different organizations that are a part of the industry. The
impact of sustainable tourism based activities have started increasing in the last few years in
order to reduce the impacts of tourism on the environment.

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Article 1
Hall, C. M. (2016). Intervening in academic interventions: framing social marketing's
potential for successful sustainable tourism behavioural change. Journal of
Sustainable Tourism, 24(3), 350-375.
The article is mainly based on the ways by which the emissions of different tourism
related activities have led to major changes in the external environment. The author has
aimed at discussing the ways by which behavioural interventions have been able to affect the
social marketing and sustainable tourism based activities that have been performed by
different organizations. The interrelated issues and key issues that have been able to affect the
socio-technical systems are analysed in the article in detail. The author had tried to discuss
the ways by which upstream based social marketing has an impact on the policies of tourism
organizations. The previous studies have suggested that the process of sustainable tourism
has been related to the climate changes that have occurred in the environment. The
sustainable tourism based issues have been analysed in the article. The changes that can be
made in the socio-technical system of sustainable tourism are a major part of the analysis
made in the article. The future growth based prospects that are provided to the sustainable
tourism based organizations are a major part of the analysis that has been made in the article.
The relationship developed between behavioural intervention and social marketing is
considered to be a major factor for analysis in the article. The impacts of this relationship
with the sustainable tourism related factors have been discussed in the article by the authors.
The findings in the article have been able to state that the tourism based activities that have
been performed by various organizations are able to depict that tourism is mainly related to
the growth of customers rather than other external factors.
Article 2

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Hashemkhani Zolfani, S., Sedaghat, M., Maknoon, R., & Zavadskas, E. K. (2015).
Sustainable tourism: a comprehensive literature review on frameworks and
applications. Economic research-Ekonomska istraživanja, 28(1), 1-30.
The analysis that has been made by the authors in this article is mainly based on the
sustainability levels that have been developed in the tourism industry. The degradation of the
environment due to tourism based activities have become a major concern in the last few
years. The development of sustainable tourism is thereby considered to be highly important
for proper reduction of the effects of tourism activities. The universal acceptance of
sustainable tourism is the most important factor that is related to the analysis made in the
report. The continuous improvement of experiences that have been provided to the tourists
have been analysed in the article. The ability of tourism to provide major contributions in the
sustainability of the environment is the most important part of the study. The method that has
been implemented for completion of this research is based on the analysis of previous
research that has been made in this field. The researches that have done previously based on
sustainable tourism development are considered to be important in the article. The impact of
different journal articles on the scientific communities and different types of researches have
been analysed in the article. The authors have concluded that various articles have major
levels of impact on the researches that have been made on the subject based on effective
sustainable tourism. Sustainable tourism is considered to be the most significant part of the
analysis that have been made in the article in detail.
Article 3
Ruhanen, L., Weiler, B., Moyle, B. D., & McLennan, C. L. J. (2015). Trends and patterns in
sustainable tourism research: A 25-year bibliometric analysis. Journal of Sustainable
Tourism, 23(4), 517-535.

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The article is based on the analysis of the trends and the patterns that have been able
to affect the sustainable tourism based activities. The sustainable tourism has been able to
gain a major position in the researches that have been made based on tourism in different
countries. The research that has been made in the past 25 years with respect to sustainable
tourism has been analysed in the article in detail. The authors have aimed at addressing the
debates that have taken place based on tourism research in the last few years. The notion
based on sustainable tourism has emerged as a major field in the tourism based studies that
have been performed by the authors. Sustainable tourism has been developed along with the
paradigm of the concept of sustainable development. The authors have stated that most of
early researches that have been made in the field of tourism development have been focussed
towards the definitions of sustainable tourism and further proposing and reviewing the
concepts. The researches have been focussed towards the ways by which sustainable tourism
development has been able to affect the operations of major tourism based organizations. The
authors have further conclude by stating that the patterns and the trends in sustainable tourism
have been able to affect the ways by which the topic has become the mainstream part of
operations.
Article 4
Carr, A., Ruhanen, L., & Whitford, M. (2016). Indigenous peoples and tourism: the
challenges and opportunities for sustainable tourism. Journal of Sustainable
Tourism, 24(8-9), 1067-1079.
The article is mainly focussed on the indigenous tourism based focus on more than 16
papers. The dynamics that are behind the issues based on sustainable indigenous tourism have
been analysed in the article in detail. The biased reports based on indigenous tourism and the
communities have been taken into consideration in the article. The readers have been further

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able to provide detailed analysis based on the indigenous businesses and the cultural values.
Indigenous tourism is viewed as the means that is implemented in order to facilitate the
socio-economic benefits that can be provided to the indigenous individuals. The Indigenous
or ethnic tourism is considered to be an important factor that is able to provide importance to
the indigenous communities. The relationship that has been developed between the
indigenous people and sustainable tourism is important factor. The authors have been able to
conclude that the indigenous communities are affected in a positive manner by the
sustainable tourism activities that are performed. The different social, economic,
environmental factors have a impact on the ways by which sustainable tourism related
activities are performed by the organizations.
Article 5
Poudel, S., Nyaupane, G. P., & Budruk, M. (2016). Stakeholders’ perspectives of sustainable
tourism development: A new approach to measuring outcomes. Journal of Travel
Research, 55(4), 465-480.
The article is based on the analysis of the perspectives that are related to tourism
stakeholders based on sustainable tourism based outcomes. The responses that have been
provided by different residents have been compared in a detailed manner with two major
protected areas of Nepal. The tourism sustainability the was mainly evaluated based on six
major tourism impacts. The different protected areas are mainly recognized with respect to
the effective conservation of biodiversity. The author has aimed at analysing the perspectives
that the stakeholders have with respect to the process of sustainable tourism development
process. This is considered to be a new approach based on the outcomes that have been
measured in an effective manner. The sustainable tourism development process has been
promoted based on the dilemmas that have raised with respect to indigenous groups all over

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the world. The different methods that have been implemented with respect to the analysis in
the article include, study areas and measurement improvement. The findings in the analysis
are mainly based on the ways by which different researches that have been made previously
in the article. The conclusion has been able to state that a reciprocal relationship exists
between the tourism activities and the different protected areas. The protected areas have
been developed with respect to the symbiotic relationship which has been formed.

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References
Carr, A., Ruhanen, L., & Whitford, M. (2016). Indigenous peoples and tourism: the
challenges and opportunities for sustainable tourism. Journal of Sustainable
Tourism, 24(8-9), 1067-1079.
Hall, C. M. (2016). Intervening in academic interventions: framing social marketing's
potential for successful sustainable tourism behavioural change. Journal of
Sustainable Tourism, 24(3), 350-375.
Hashemkhani Zolfani, S., Sedaghat, M., Maknoon, R., & Zavadskas, E. K. (2015).
Sustainable tourism: a comprehensive literature review on frameworks and
applications. Economic research-Ekonomska istraživanja, 28(1), 1-30.
Poudel, S., Nyaupane, G. P., & Budruk, M. (2016). Stakeholders’ perspectives of sustainable
tourism development: A new approach to measuring outcomes. Journal of Travel
Research, 55(4), 465-480.
Ruhanen, L., Weiler, B., Moyle, B. D., & McLennan, C. L. J. (2015). Trends and patterns in
sustainable tourism research: A 25-year bibliometric analysis. Journal of Sustainable
Tourism, 23(4), 517-535.