Sustainable Tourism Development Report

This report discusses sustainable tourism development in the Philippines, highlighting the benefits for stakeholders, the advantages and disadvantages of public-private partnerships, and the significance of interactive planning systems. It evaluates various methods to measure tourist impact and pro...Read More

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM
DEVELOPMENT
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Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
1.1 How stakeholder benefit from planning of tourism development in Philippines..........3
1.2 Advantages and disadvantages of public and private sector tourism planning
partnership.................................................................................................................................4
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................5
2.1 Analysing the features of tourism development planning at different levels.................5
2.2 Evaluating the significance of interactive planning systems and processes in tourism
development................................................................................................................................7
2.3 Evaluating different methods available to measure tourist impact................................7
Task 3...............................................................................................................................................8
4.2 Implication Supply and demand curve................................................................................12
4.3 Enclave tourism...................................................................................................................12
Task 5.............................................................................................................................................13
5.1 comparison between tourism in developing country and emerging destination..................13
5.2 Recommendation for future development of tourism..........................................................13
Conclusion.....................................................................................................................................14
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INTRODUCTION
Sustainable tourism is the concept which focuses on protecting the environment from the harm
which is create by the human beings. This concept has become vigilant in the today’s time
because with the increasing tourism activity, the resources are depleting fast which is negatively
affecting the environment in which we are living. Through the increasing transportation, leisure
activity human are using the resources without giving concern on conservation. In this report,
sustainable tourism will be discussed by using the case study of Philippines which has become
one of the tourism destinations. This report focuses on the benefits of tourism planning on the
stakeholders and further emphasizes on the advantages and disadvantages of private public
partnership in development. Besides this, ethical issues of the enclave tourism will be discussed.
On the other hand, the socio- cultural, environmental impact of tourism on different emerging
nations will be discussed. This will provide major understanding regarding tourism activity and
industry.
1.1 How stakeholder benefit from planning of tourism development in Philippines
Stakeholders are the one who are affected by the activity which are carried out by the
business. In the travel and tourism industry, the stakeholders are the individuals are impacted by
the developments as well changes which are happening in the tourist destinations. With regards
to the Philippines as it is the tourism spot, so it is advantageous for the country to focus on the
development (Briassoulis And et.al., 2013). The major stakeholders are the local government,
through the development in tourism area; tourists will be attracted to the place and would like to
visit it. In this case, through tourism, the government will get revenue which is highly
advantageous for them. Further, through planning the activities of development, the government
will know about the changes which are required to be made and the services which are lacking in
Philippines. Besides this, other stakeholders are the institutions which are engaged in providing
finance to the tourism development. Through the development, they will gain profit as through
this they will gather popularity which will help in developing the competitive advantage (Jamal
and Camargo, 2014).
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Besides this, through witnessing the Philippines economic condition, tourism is very
advantageous for the local individuals who are living in this region. This is because; tourism will
help them to earn profit from the tourist activity. Through the development, tourists will be
attracted to the place which will help in increasing the standard of living of the people. On the
other hand, tourists are also the stakeholders who are positively affected by the development of
Philippines. This is because, with the changing needs and preferences of the visitors, the
government can plan the changes according to them. This will be beneficial for tourist because as
they can get the services according to their expectations. Further, another stakeholder who will
be benefited from planning of the tourism activity is non- governmental organization who is
related with the tourism projects (Bramwell and Lane, 2013). Through planning the development
they will get the contracts which will advantageous as through this will earn profit at the time of
carrying out the activity in Philippines. Through the planning of tourism development in
Philippines, it will provide great benefit to the local individuals as well as the tourists who is
planning to visit Philippines.
1.2 Advantages and disadvantages of public and private sector tourism planning
partnership
There are different types of planning which are carried out in developing the tourism. In
Philippines it is required to economic, physical, infrastructure etc so that effective result can be
attained. In the tourism industry, there are certain firms which are developed for providing
services to the public sector so that effective results can be attained. Majorly private sector takes
contract for the development and provides labour, transport services to the government so that
the development can be complete effectively (Sofield and Li, 2011). Besides this, there are some
advantageous and disadvantages when both the sector are combined to work for development.
These are as follows:
Advantages
 Plenty of resources- through the partnership for the tourism planning, plenty of resources
are there to plan for effective development. As the finance is provided by the private
sector and in the public sector, all legal formalities are complete effectively. This helps in
carrying out the process of development easily. Besides this, labours are provided with
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the appropriate cost because private sectors are involved in the planning process (Hall
and et.al., 2013). Besides this, it can be said that through the effective and plenty of
resources they can easily complete the project on time which will help in successful
development.
 Reduced cost- As both the public and the private sectors are combined so the cost
incurred will be low because both their resources are used in the planning of development
(Westerberg and et.al., 2013). This advantageous because no additional cost will be taken
by the tourist for the development. Further, it will also help in saving the assets and
finance of the government.
 Expertise- With the combination of private and public sector in Philippines, the expertise
can be attained in the development (Park and Yoon, 2011). This is because generally the
private sector includes those employees who are skilled in their work. This will help in
planning accurately and in the precise manner.
Disadvantages
 Conflict of power- Both the sectors are equally involved in the development and the
planning activity, so the conflict is witnessed regarding the power. In this case, in
planning, some of the aspects are totally under the hands of government and some in
private sector. Due to this, the conflict arises which negatively impact the planning and it
will also take more time in completion (Bramwell and Lane, 2013).
Sharing of profit- it is sometimes seen that, both the sectors are not satisfied with the profits.
This affects their working and it is also seen in the material which they are using. Due to the less
profit, the companies use the low quality material to earn huge revenue as it will direct impact on
the infrastructure which they are planning to make (Sofield and Li, 2011).
TASK 2
2.1 Analysing the features of tourism development planning at different levels
There are a lot of features associated with tourism development planning. This planning
is done at different levels with reference to given case study of Philippines. As per the given case
scenario, government is required to do planning about the development of tourism so that the
demand of same can be increased in this nation by which number of tourists would come and
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visit. In Philippines, tourism department has been divided according to the tasks that are allotted
to different team members as per the norms and policies imposed by government (Park and
Yoon, 2011). Development of tourism takes place at different levels in the nation, that is, local
(at the site), national and international. With respect to the given case of Philippines, planning for
development of tourism can only be considered to be successful when the tourists coming for
visiting this nation will feel safe and secured. By this way, tourism sector in this nation will earn
higher profits as well as perception of visitors will also become positive towards this sector of
Philippines (Juvan and Dolnicar, 2014). Thus, the number of visits of people would increase that
will lead to enhanced profits and goodwill of this industry in the nation.
Local level (at the site) – In accordance with the given case study, in Philippines, it is
highly significant to have proper infrastructure for the purpose of doing development planning of
tourism. In addition to this, proper facilities like hotel accommodations and restaurants along
with effective transportation also play a vital role will also in development planning of tourism
sector as in absence of these, it is not possible that visitors will have unforgettable experience
from the place. In today’s scenario, to provide high comfort and convenience is important to
keep the customers satisfied and gain advantage of repeat visits of them (Fortanier and Van
Wijk, 2010).
National level – At the time when development planning of tourism is done at national
level in Philippines, management of firms becomes liable to effectively coordinate with each
other so as to cover large regions of the nation. Also, it is required to formulate and implement
different policies for the betterment of tourism sector by the government. In accordance with
these policies, it must be made compulsory for tourism sector to treat the visitors as people of
their own nation and no discrimination will be made on any grounds with them.
International level – Development planning of tourism at international level refers to
making strategy at a bigger platform (Torres-Delgado and Palomeque, 2012). It says that if
government of Philippines wants to attract people from different regions to the nation, it is
important that some strategies will be made that people coming in the nation would feel, happy,
safe and secured along with gaining an unforgettable experience over there. However, this can
only be possible when there will be healthy and positive relations in between Philippines and
other nations.
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2.2 Evaluating the significance of interactive planning systems and processes in tourism
development
Under interactive planning, proper emphasis is given on effective participation of all the
stakeholders at the time of making decisions. Regulatory authorities of Philippines need to
strategies by considering the same so that all stakeholders will be happy and satisfied and
contribute in the growth and development of nation by improving the tourism sector. By framing
and implementing suitable strategic and policy framework, gap between the actual and desired
offering can be determined (Mowforth and Munt, 2015). Thus, for the same, government of this
nation has introduced an effective feedback system. As per this method, proper feedback will be
taken by the customers that will help in identifying and evaluating preferences of both existing
and potential visitors. It plays a vital role in making company able to assess that whether it needs
to make any improvements or not in their offerings. Apart from that, by the same, government
and tourism organisations also become able to allocate resources in a proper manner by which
various activities can be effectually conducted that will lead to increase the customer base in
tourism industry of the nation (Rogers, Jalal and Boyd, 2012). By effectually interacting with the
customers, government authority of Philippines may become aware of the need to improve the
infrastructure and maintenance of historical aspects. Apart from that, interactive planning system
and processes in tourism development also helps in having control on the pollution related
activities in nation by which corrective measures on time can be taken (Edgell Sr, 2016).
Accordingly, government comes in position to design and implement suitable tourism plan by
which development of this sector can be effectually done.
2.3 Evaluating different methods available to measure tourist impact
Several methods are available by which tourist impact can be measured however, this
impact can be both; positive or negative. This is the reasons, it is highly important to make
effectual strategies by which advantage of positive impacts can be gained and on the other hand,
negative implications can be reduced. Among all available methods, two most common and
effective techniques to measure tourist impact are:
Cambridge Economic Impact Model – This model has been developed in order to provide
an affordable way by which value of tourism can be calculated for the local economies. Under
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the same, readily available data is used on a tourist product of a particular area by which regional
or country’s tourism statistics can be calculated. It is highly popular in local authorities and thus,
Philippines can use the same by which a view of the volume, value and economic impact of
visitor’s activity in the nation can be generated that will help in providing local statistics (Park
and Yoon, 2011). In the standardised model, this method helps in making greater use of local
data like information on local wage rates. Apart from that, this model also helps in gaining
enhanced outputs along with adopting a rolling average methodology by which value and
volume of staying of visitors can be increased. The major benefit gained by this model is that it
estimates the economic impact of spending of visitors coming in the nation on local economy.
However, along with so many benefits, there are some limitations of the model as well (Juvan
and Dolnicar, 2014). One of the biggest disadvantage is that it relies on a range of data sources
which are based on different methodologies and can lead to distinct levels of accuracy.
STEAM Model – The model stands for The Scarborough Tourism Economic Activity Monitor
that play a significant role in providing an indicative base for tourism impact on the local
economic level. Main benefit of this model is that it can be applied to any area which has
information on occupancy percentage for each type of accommodation in each month along with
bed stock. In addition to this, it must also have Tourist Information Centre (TIC) of visitors on
the basis of months along with attendance at attractions points of the destination with major
events (Fortanier and Van Wijk, 2010). STEAM model proves to be highly helpful form
providing commentary, annual and month by month numeric output for making comparison with
the studies that have been carried out earlier on distribution of spending made by visitors and
revenue generated through the same.
TASK 3
P 3.1 and 3.2 Justify the introduction of the concept of sustainability in tourism development
with reference to Philippines sustainable tourism development in a Poster Format.
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SUSTAINABLE
TOURISM
Sustainability in tourism development supports for enhancing chances for ensuring growth and
development of tourism sector. Recently President Gloria acapagal-Arroyo gave emphasis for making
sustainable development of tourism sector for ensuring long term growth of travel industry. Sustainable
tourism is an effort that is made for ensuring that positive impact on environment, economy and society
should be ensured
It will help in ensuring that tourism places will be secure and safe and no damages should be caused to
environment due to travel activities that are performed in the nation. Other than that globalization has
created opportunity for tourism sector and it has become assertive that all the tourism activities should
be performed in effective way. As a part of development strategy sustainable tourism concepts is
gaining wide attention. International tourism activities are increasing and due to that impacts are
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observed on the social, cultural and natural environment. Sustainable tourism supports for carrying out
required activities in better and effective way. Philippines government can reap long term benefits
through the tourism activities that are performed in the nation. Sustainability in tourism supports for
availing travel activities without harming the natural beaches and other travel destinations of the nation.
3.2
There are large number of
factors that gives impact on
the sustainable tourism in
Philippines. It is assertive
that impact of these factors
should be reduced so that
travel activities can be
performed in effectual way
Conflict among different groups:
- Grievances and issues occur
among various tourism service
provider companies and due to
that overall functioning of the
tourism sector gets affected. It is
required that support should be
given by al the stakeholders of
the tourism sector so that
required activities can be
accomplished in fruitful manner.
Concept of sustainable tourism
can be achieved and it will help
of ensuring long term growth
and success of the tourism
industry. Other than that conflict
among different groups also
creates problem for the
government and due to that it
becomes difficult for achieving
overall goals of the tourism
sector
Lack of support from the
government: - Role of state
is prominent while planning
sustainable development of
the tourism industry. It is
required that proper funds
should be allocated by
government so that all the
Support of local community
people: - It is required that
proper and positive support
should be rendered by local
community people so that
sustainable tourism goal of the
state can be achieved. All the
action plans and strategies that
are formulated by government
can be achieved only with the
positive and effective
contribution given by
community members. If
positive support will not be
given by community members
than due to that it will lead
towards hindering sustainable
tourism development activities
in the nation.
Lack of funding: - It is vital that
proper funds should be
allocated so that required goal
goals of sustainable tourism can
be accomplished. If investments
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action plans and strategies
could be implemented in
better and effective way.
will not be one than due to that
difficulties and challenges will
be faced for ensuring
sustainable development of
Philippines tourism industry
3.3 Analyse of different stages in planning for sustainability with reference to the Philippines
Stage 1- Collecting necessary data and
information- It is required that necessary data
and information should be collected so that all
the plans and strategies can be made in better
and effective way. Primary and secondary
sources can be used for gathering necessary
data and information. In addition to that it is
required all the information should be
assembled from authentic and reliable sources.
Stage 2- Measuring feasibility of action plan :-
It is critical that feasibility of the strategy
should be checked. It will help for
implementing the strategy in better way. It is
necessary that feasibility of plan should be done
so that measures can be taken for rectifying the
weak performing areas.
Stage 3- Implementing the strategies – Plans
made for ensuring sustainability of the tourism
industry in Philippines needs to be
implemented in better and effective way.
Stage 4- Resource allocation- it needs to be
done as per the plans made for ensuring
sustainability of the tourism industry. Optimum
allocation of resources is vital so that all the
plans should be executed in fruitful way.
Stage 5-Measurement of implementation of
plan :- It is required that monitoring of
implementation of action plan should be done
so that weak performing areas and flaws can be
identified.
Stage- 6 Activities for modifications :- it is
required that effective measures should be taken
for rectifying the flaws in performance areas. It
will support for ensuring sustainable
development of Philippines as per the wish of
president of the nation.
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4.1 Evaluate methods of resolving a conflict of interests to ensure the future wellbeing of a
developing tourism destination such as Philippines Case.
It is assertive that all the necessary activities in tourism industry should be complete in
harmonious manner. President of Philippines also gave importance to ensuring future wellbeing
of the travel industry. It is required that grievances and conflicts that occur among stakeholders
of the business should be resolved in effective way. It requires a strategic approach for resolving
conflicts in peaceful and harmonious manner. Organizations that are working in tourism industry
can take measures for resolving the issues that are faced in this sector. Future wellbeing of the
tourism sector can be ensured by involving positive support of all the stakeholders. Other than
that groups and unions can be formed and all the firms that are working in the tourism sector can
join the union (Hunter,2012). Issues and other conflict interest can be resolved in better and
effective way. Representatives can also be appointed by these organizations so that they can
bargain for the rights of member.
This method will aid for assuring and growth and well being of tourism industry and people
working in the nation also be getting benefitted from this. Government of the country can also
play a significant role in resolving the issues that are faced in this industry. Rules and regulations
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can be formed by government which needs to be made mandatory to be followed by all the
stakeholders (Hall, Daneke and Lenox, 2010). Punishments also need to be decided so that
people should follow the policies and rules and it will help for ensuring well being and
development of tourism industry in the nation. Other than this local community people also can
take initiates for resolving the issues that are faced in the travel sector. Bargaining can be done
among conflicting parties so that their terms and conditions can be determined and all the
necessary activities of the travel sector can be performed in the better and effective way (Kolk
and Van Tulder, 2010).
4.2 Implication Supply and demand curve
Demand is that which means the quantity of product and services need to buy by buyer.
The quantity of product and services is depend on the willingness of consumer to buy that
particular services (Westerberg and et.al., 2013). Supply is that a demand of product in the
market according to demand. In tourism sector when demand decrease due to some circumstance
then supply also need to decrease so that it not impact the organization. further at Philippine the
tourism is shaped by the on the basis of its demand in market. If tour company want success for
any destination of Philippine then it need to keep balance between supply and demand. Along
with this demand in tourism is that a need to people who want to travel at particular destination.
There are some component of supply in tourism sector that are attraction, infrastructure etc. at
the time when demand of tour package is high then organization need to increase supply so that
it can keep proper balance between them.
4.3 Enclave tourism
Enclave is that in which tourist like to visit on particular destination where there is piece (Juva
and Dolnicar, 2014). For developing tourism in Philippine company it is necessary that tour
company provide enclave tourism to its tourist. It also help in satisfying the customer by its
various offer and services of enclave tourism. Philippine is famous for coastal area so
government need to focus in improving its coastal area. Apart from this there are some moral
and ethical issue which need to consider at the time of making developing enclave tourism.
Along with this at destination tourist need to provide safety and security so that it can increase
the trust of people. People who are living near to the coastal area should not be affect by any
tourism activity.
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TASK 5
5.1 comparison between tourism in developing country and emerging destination
The developing country is Philippine and emerging+ destination is Vietnam. Comparison
between its current trend is as follows:
Basis if comparison Philippine Vietnam
Economic impact If economy of country is not
growth then it impact the
tourism activity (Park and
Yoon, 2011.). Such as less
education, poverty and
unemployment.
In Vietnam there is low
economic growth, so this
impact the services provided
by tour company to its tourist.
Along with this nation not
have enough money so they
are unable to develop the
destination.
Environmental impact There are some environmental
impact that is population at
Philippine is increasing and
there is not enough resources
such as land, water which are
less in amount. Along with
this coastal areas and water
bodies are center of attraction
for the visitor and now it is
polluted which decrease the
demand of consumer to visit
on that place.
Vietnam is emerging
destination and their iss high
growth in the tourism. But it is
facing problem related to
deforestations. This impact the
tourism of country.
5.2 Recommendation for future development of tourism
Recommendation are as follows
It is recommended that Philippine country need to focus on making the law system strong
so that destination and its near by area not get polluted or impact the visitors.
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Government of Philippine can introduce high technology so that it can avoid
environmental pollution (Kolk and Van Tulder, 2010). New technology also help in making
destination attractive for tourist
Government can motivate the different sector such as hospitality and airline etc so that it
can easily fulfill the needs and demand of visitors
CONCLUSION
From the above report it can be concluded that tourism is growing all over the world and
help in improving the standard of living of people. If private and public sector work together
then it can easily earn high profit and reduce the risk. Further it can be stated that their are many
destination which need to prevent so that country can attract the large number of people from all
over the world. Along with this supply and demand in tour and tourism sector need to balance so
that tour company not suffer from loss. Tour company need to make sure that any tourism
activity not impact the environment and destination.
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