Report on Sustainable Tourism: Planning, Impacts, and Future Dev

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of sustainable tourism development, focusing on the benefits for stakeholders through effective planning, the advantages and disadvantages of public/private sector partnerships using Qatar as a case study, and the features of tourism development planning at different levels (regional, sub-regional, national, and international). It highlights the significance of interactive planning systems and processes, methods to measure tourist impact (Economic Impact Model, CEIM, STEAM), and introduces the concept of sustainability in tourism, including factors hindering its development and the stages involved in planning for sustainability. Furthermore, the report addresses methods for resolving conflicts of interest, balancing supply and demand, and evaluating the moral and ethical issues of enclave tourism. Finally, it examines current issues in tourism development in developing countries and emerging destinations, offering recommendations for future development, emphasizing the importance of understanding the rationale and techniques for tourism planning and development along with sustainable practices.

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM DEVELOPMENT

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................................3
TASK 1..............................................................................................................................................4
1.1 STAKEHOLDERS CAN BENEFIT FROM PLANNING OF TOURISM DEVELOPMENTS.................4
1.2 ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF PUBLIC/PRIVATE SECTOR TOURISM PLANNING
PARTNERSHIPS DRAWING ON A CURRENT EXAMPLE.................................................................6
TASK 2..............................................................................................................................................8
2.1 FEATURES OF TOURISM DEVELOPMENT PLANNING AT DIFFERENT LEVELS.........................8
2.2 SIGNIFICANCE OF INTERACTIVE PLANNING SYSTEMS AND PROCESSES IN TOURISM
DEVELOPMENTS...........................................................................................................................9
2.3 DIFFERENT METHODS AVAILABLE TO MEASURE TOURIST IMPACT....................................10
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................12
3.1 INTRODUCTION OF THE CONCEPT OF SUSTAINABILITY IN TOURISM DEVELOPMENT.......12
3.2 FACTORS THAT MAY PREVENT/HINDER SUSTAINABLE TOURISM DEVELOPMENT.............13
3.3 DIFFERENT STAGES IN PLANNING FOR SUSTAINABILITY.....................................................14
TASK 4............................................................................................................................................16
4.1 METHODS OF RESOLVING A CONFLICT OF INTERESTS TO ENSURE THE FUTURE
WELLBEING OF A DEVELOPING TOURISM DESTINATION..........................................................16
4.2 ANALYSE THE IMPLICATIONS OF BALANCING SUPPLY AND DEMAND................................18
4.3 EVALUATE THE MORAL AND ETHICAL ISSUES OF ENCLAVE TOURISM................................20
TASK 5............................................................................................................................................21
5.1 CURRENT ISSUES ASSOCIATED WITH TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN A DEVELOPING
COUNTRY AND AN EMERGING DESTINATION WHERE THE IMPACTS OF TOURISM ARE
DIFFERENT..................................................................................................................................21
1

5.2 EVALUATE, WITH RECOMMENDATIONS, THE FUTURE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM IN
THESE DESTINATIONS................................................................................................................24
CONCLUSION.................................................................................................................................25
REFERENCES...................................................................................................................................26
2

INTRODUCTION
There are various benefits which are achieved by the country through the development of
tourism. The major areas in which the country gains effectiveness are strengthening of
economics, global positioning, and growth of country regarding employment and services. From
this report, different aspects regarding sustainable tourism will be discussed such that the
better understanding will be gained regarding the benefits which are avail by the stakeholder
with help of suitable planning and growth in the tourism sector of the country. Also, the merits
and demerits of the public and private partnership in the development of tourism are assessed
effectively. In this report, we are focusing on tourism sector of Qatar such that their tourism
characteristics have been scrutinized effectively (Zubair, et al. 2015). In addition to this, the
major focus of the report is to gain an effective understanding of the rationale and several
techniques regarding the tourism planning and development along with the sustainable
tourism. Also, the current issues and trends are also discussed with their influence on the
tourism.
3

TASK 1
1.1 STAKEHOLDERS CAN BENEFIT FROM PLANNING OF TOURISM
DEVELOPMENTS
Investors and employees are considered as the prime stakeholder in the tourism development
of Qatar such that they are linked with the customer, supporting authorities, suppliers, tourism,
and local people of the country. It is observed that the stakeholders are benefitted by the
development of tourism in the country at direct and indirect level by supporting the business.
The stakeholders could be involved in the development process by the tourism development of
Qatar through different practices which help them in gaining several benefits.
 Community
The tourism industry leads high integration among the higher authorities and local
people because the economic and socio-cultural state of the community would be
enhanced. The available resources and attractive marketing helps the local people in
accomplishing the goals along with tourism development (Yahdjian, et al. 2015). The
focus of Qatar people is in two areas which are employment and competition through
tourism.
 Competitive Advantages
The tourism industry will be helpful in gaining the competitive edge for the Philippine
because they would be utilizing the available resources and using them effectively. The
employees work efficiently in the tourism development as they understand the scope
and attain the opportunity of delivering high-quality services in the market.
 Economic Development
The local people would have sustainable employment opportunities through the
tourism development in Qatar which helps in gaining substantial growth at the
economic level. The local people are benefitted by the economic development through
the tourist destinations as several employment opportunities have emerged. The
revenue of the tourism industry in Qatar has been growing effectively due to the huge
number of visitors that provide strength to the economy.
4

 Integration
The economic values of the country have been developing due to the tourists and
visitors. The development of the tourism site helps in attracting several tourists which
further provide growth to the country and also fulfilling the needs of the tourists.
 Resource
The required assets and resources in the country could be acquired through the
development process and the marketing helps in assisting the tourism services
(Wheeler, 2013). The tourism development is achieved through the improvement in
destination planning and the huge number of tourists. The country possesses attractive
destination sites with required resources.
 Responsible Culture
There are several benefits which are attained by the local people through the influence
of higher authorities in the tourism industry. The country has been attaining growth in
the sustainable development through the responsive culture. The higher authorities
and local people understand the improvement in services for attaining sustainable
environment of tourism.
5

1.2 ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF PUBLIC/PRIVATE SECTOR
TOURISM PLANNING PARTNERSHIPS DRAWING ON A CURRENT EXAMPLE
The beauty and attractive nature of the heritage and cultural values defines Qatar but they
need proper attention regarding tourism segment. The collaboration between the public and
private bodies will help in the development of destination sites. The advantages and
disadvantages of tourism planning partnership in Qatar have been provided below:
ADVANTAGES
 The power of authority and investment could be shared between the private and
government bodies for making sustainable development. It helps in attaining aspects of
community integration and economic growth effectively.
 The employment opportunities would be developed in the tourism development due to
the partnership of public and private bodies (Telfer and Sharpley, 2015). Also, the
partnership leads to accomplishing substantial development along with the quality
management.
 The private sector could conduct their operations by using the adequate resources and
building potential strategies with the public sector for gaining market. Also, it helps in
proper distribution of the market share and delivering the required service to the
people.
 The partnership is helpful in attaining the scope and opportunities by using the skills and
attributes of each other effectively. The sustainable tourism in Qatar would be
conducted through the partnership of private and public sector (Sharpley, 2014). It
further helps in gaining the edge in the market along with substantial growth.
DISADVANTAGES
 The local people could be influenced by the allocated roles and responsibilities
regarding the partnership for growth and sustainability. Also, several challenges could
be faced in terms of decision-making that further affects the process of decision-
making.
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 The ineffective distribution of resources and the profit-making decision could
influence the partnership of private and public sector. It will develop future limitation
regarding the employment and development in the industry (Page, 2014). Due to the
static connection between the authority’s chances of gaining the competitive edge is
low.
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TASK 2
2.1 FEATURES OF TOURISM DEVELOPMENT PLANNING AT DIFFERENT LEVELS
There are four levels on which the tourism development planning could be conducted. Every
level is linked with another level such that they assist each other in the structure planning. The
four levels are explained below:
 Regional Level
At this level, the skills and attributes are helpful in building the destination sites and
also developing the required policies and framework for the tourism promotion. The
regional level of Qatar would be handling the transportation facilities and resources
adequately (Mowforth and Munt, 2015). Qatar possesses various destination sites in
different areas which are effectively handled through the plan and strategies of national
level.
 Sub-Regional Level
The functioning and features of the regional level are distributed through the sub-
regions so that the essential policies and procedures could be followed. The sub-
regionals of Qatar effectively collect the information regarding the situational plan so
that the services and strategic development could be done properly.
 National Level
It possesses strategies that are made for short as well as long-term goals regarding
tourism development. The national level of Qatar tourism development structure
effectively handles the accommodations and facilities. They also govern the effects of
policies, legislation, structure, and connection.
 International Level
Its prime focus is on maintaining the appropriate flow of tourists in the country. They
also indulge in building attraction sites by assessing the growth of tourism in neighbor
countries (Mason, 2015). The tourism sector of Qatar has been using appropriate
marketing and promotional techniques under the international standards for
accomplishing their goals.
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2.2 SIGNIFICANCE OF INTERACTIVE PLANNING SYSTEMS AND PROCESSES IN
TOURISM DEVELOPMENTS
In Qatar, the partnerships between the public and private sectors are helpful in gaining
effectiveness in the tourism development planning. It helps in gaining interactive planning
system along with processes which helps in gaining effectiveness in the development process.
The prime aspects have been explained below:
 The higher authorities of the country have been measuring and determining the change
in the volume and values of the tourism industry that helps in gaining required
information which is passed at the national level. Further, the national level team uses
the information effectively and bring enhancement in the volume and value of the
tourism industry.
 The positive and negative influences could be acquired through the interactive system
and processes because the required information is shared and the available resources
are used effectively in the development process. It has been assessed that the local
people are influenced by the tourists. Also, the services should be improved and also
required support should be gained in the appropriate direction for conducting
promotion in the market.
 The government could easily assess the impact of policies and procedures on the
businesses under the destination development (Lawrence and Weber, 2014). The local
authorities manage the business functioning effectively as per the government norms.
 The interactive system and procedures are helpful in building an erudite marketing and
planning environment. The effectiveness of the operations is helpful in gaining high
efficiency in the development.
 The survey and evaluation techniques could be conducted in order to gain adequate
information of the development at both regional and national level. Interactive
planning is helpful in monitoring and leading the progress of development.
 The involvement of the local people and tourism participants in the tourism
development is helpful in the sustainable development regarding competition such that
the goals of development are accomplished effectively.
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2.3 DIFFERENT METHODS AVAILABLE TO MEASURE TOURIST IMPACT
It is necessary to use more than one method for assessing the impacts on the tourist in Qatar.
Initially, economic impact model could be used for assessing the influence on the economy.
Also, the use of steam model could be done for monitoring the economic influence in terms of
changes and trends. The models and techniques are discussed in detail below:
ECONOMIC IMPACT MODEL
The focus of this model is on assessing the estimates in terms of enhancement in the volume
and values of the visitors in the country. It also helps in measuring the revenue which has
gained through the tourism industry and also assesses the employment opportunities build in
the country. Furthermore, the model is helpful in assessing the direct influence of the visitors
spending on the business operations of Qatar. The induced and indirect influence on the
supportive services in terms of earning and supply chain is also assessed through the model
(Fang, et al. 2016). The information regarding the different level of development is gained for
the model so that the final decision could be taken.
CAMBRIDGE ECONOMIC IMPACT MODEL (CEIM)
It is an updated model of economic impact model such that it uses the top-down technique for
assessing the economic values influence regarding the tourists. CEIM uses the huge amount of
lower level data of different level regarding the values and volume of tourists. The model helps
in acquiring the most accurate depiction of the economic influences on Qatar. There are two
stages of model such that the first stage focuses on determining the volume and values of the
tourists then in the second stage, the influence on the local people regarding tourists is
assessed.
STEAM MODEL
The full form of STEAM is Scarborough Tourism Economic Activity Monitor such that the model
helps in acquiring information of the impacts which are assessed through the current changes
and trends regarding tourist’s day stays (Borràs, et al. 2014). The model is based on four inputs
that help in attaining required outcomes. The four inputs of the model are:
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I. Information about accommodation usage should be in percentage and it could be
assessed by using data of several accommodation facilities in Qatar.
II. Accommodation capacity provided to the tourists for the stay.
III. Tourist’s attendance at the destination sites of the country.
IV. Information could be acquired from the tourist information centre of Qatar.
The four inputs of the STEAM Model help in assessing the influence of the tourists on the
economy. Pro-Poor Tourism is one of the strategic tools that are used to assess the changes in
the poverty regarding the visits in the country. The changes in the poverty ratio and lifestyle of
the people could be evaluated through the number of visitors in a month at specific destination
sites of Qatar.
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TASK 3
3.1 INTRODUCTION OF THE CONCEPT OF SUSTAINABILITY IN TOURISM
DEVELOPMENT
(Dwyer, et al. 2017)
12

3.2 FACTORS THAT MAY PREVENT/HINDER SUSTAINABLE TOURISM
DEVELOPMENT
(Hall and Page, 2014)
13

3.3 DIFFERENT STAGES IN PLANNING FOR SUSTAINABILITY
STAGES OF SUSTAINABLE TOURISM DEVELOPMENT
There are various benefits of sustainable
tourism such as the effective relationship
between the economic, socio-cultural, and
environmental aspects which strengthen
the tourism industry. There are six stages
which incur in the sustainability of the
tourism industry of Qatar.
Stage 1
This stage focused on the development of
time frame regarding the sustainability
plan. The short, as well as long-term goals,
are explained in detail (Lew, 2014). For
example, the number of tourists from next
year will be increased or the infrastructure
will be developed in one year for delivering
the supply needs of tourism as per the
Qatar government budget.
Stage 2
Stakeholders are identified that are related
to the Qatar tourism industry in order to
accomplish prime goals and fulfilling the
needs. The government, tourists, tour
operators, local people, national park
authorities, and business organization could
assist in the formation of sustainable
tourism development plan (Morrison,
2013). Also, the objectives of stakeholders
need to be considered.
Stage 3
The prime destination sites of Qatar are
measures in this stage. There are various
aspects that need to be considered for the
development plan such as tourist interest,
the motive of visit, needs of the tourists,
etc. In addition, adequate promotion should
be done regarding speciality of the
destination site and built infrastructure for
supporting the tourism development.
Stage 4
Appropriate consultation from the
stakeholder should be taken for handling
the issues. For example, the hotel license
issue by the Philippine government results
in conflict among people (Nunkoo and
Ramkissoon, 2016). The stakeholders could
assess the issue before the plan
development.
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Stage 5
Appropriate research is used for measuring
the issues so that the conflicting reasons
are understood. It helps in gaining required
solution for the situation.
Stage 6
After acquiring the solution for the issue
suitable ideas should be developed for
sustainable development (Prideaux, et al.
2016). The stakeholders will be provided
with the guidelines for accomplishing the
required objectives and gaining more
tourists.
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TASK 4
4.1 METHODS OF RESOLVING A CONFLICT OF INTERESTS TO ENSURE THE
FUTURE WELLBEING OF A DEVELOPING TOURISM DESTINATION
There are several issues that are observed in the tourism industry such that it is necessary to
handle the conflicts of interest for gaining effectiveness. There are different methods which
should be implemented by tourism of Qatar for handling the conflicts such as:
INTERPERSONAL RELATIONS AMONG
STAKEHOLDERS
The conflict might occur among the
stakeholders in terms of decision-making,
goals, and profits. Also, the conflict could be
occurred due to resource allocation,
principles, planning, and politics. The
transparency in procedures and healthy
communication will help in reducing the
conflict that further affect the development
of destination sites (Stylidis, et al. 2014).
Also, the effective management and
communication process could avoid the
conflicts.
ENCLAVE TOURISM
It is helpful in gaining the target customers
from the market and also acquiring huge
profit. It is necessary to follow certain rules
and regulations which affect the enclave
tourism. This method could be used by
stakeholder for managing the politics and
delivering development services.
HOST-GUEST RELATIONSHIP
The Qatar hotels could use this model for
managing issues like the hotels are
shortening their traditional values of the
business. The major aspects of hotel
industry are food, assistance, and facilities
which help in demonstrating the traditional
values, art, and culture of the country.
DEMONSTRATION CONFLICTS
The trends in the industry also result in
conflicts between the stakeholders. The
influence of trends in every person is
different and it is complex to demonstrate
changes between each other. The
collaborative working and communication
help in handling the issues (Tribe, 2015).
Also, suitable methods could be used for
working as per the trends.
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ACCULTURATION
The differences among the culture also lead
to conflicts of interest. The Qatar culture is
single but there are various communities
which lead to cultural differences. It is
important to retain cultural neutralization
for taking competitive edge which will
further help in gaining effectiveness.
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4.2 ANALYSE THE IMPLICATIONS OF BALANCING SUPPLY AND DEMAND
The tourism industry could work effectively
by maintaining the adequate balance
between supply and demand. Supply is
referred to the products and services which
are delivered to the customer in less time.
The supply law of tourism in Qatar
demonstrate that the destination and
tourism price has been increased which
would further increase the seller prices. In
addition, the supply in tourism is referred as
the procedure through which the tourists
purchase the products, services, and market
assets for utilizing them in their visit
(Wilkins, 2014). In Qatar, the supply of the
products and services in tourism sector
depends on the balance between the
supply and demand laws.
There are different services of
infrastructure involved in the supply of
accommodation, transportation, and
telecommunication for the tourists. The
superstructure form is used for delivering
services to the tourist as it assists in their
visit to Qatar. For balancing the supply
services suitable development could be
done in the country like theme parks,
museums, and ski-slopes. Also, attractive
marketing and promotional events help in
building the image of the country in the
tourism industry that will gain the attention
of the huge number of tourists.
The demand in the tourism industry is
referred as the delivery of products and
services to the tourist as per their demand.
It is essential for Qatar tourism industry
that they maintain the appropriate balance
between the supply and demand for gaining
desired outcomes. There are four
conditions of supply and demand such as:
 The demand in the market is high
and supply is nominal then the
service price will increase due to the
shortage.
 The demand in the market is
nominal but the supply is high then
the service price will decrease due
to excess in the market.
 The decrease in supply with the
unchanged demand would result
the increase in prices.
 The decrease in demand with the
unchanged supply would result in
the decrease in prices.
Thus, the tourism industry of Qatar should
maintain the healthy relationship between
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the supply and demand for gaining adequate growth in the business.
19

4.3 EVALUATE THE MORAL AND ETHICAL ISSUES OF ENCLAVE TOURISM
In Enclave tourism, the inclusive services
are delivered to the customers so that the
opportunities for local services to the
customers could be blocked. It is observed
that the enclave tourism has negatively
impacted the growth of tourism industry in
Qatar and encouraging the tourists to rely
on the hotel services. Also, the enclave
tourism possesses less contribution
regarding the economic values because less
revenue is developed. For example, the
tourists ate enclave in the five-star hotels or
cruise of Qatar then their requirement will
be not be fulfilled by the local hotels and
restaurants which hinder the sharing of
tradition and culture of the host country to
the tourists (Yang, et al. 2013). It will also
result in moral and ethical issues between
the huge organizations and the local
companies in term of economic growth and
survivability.
The moral issues could also be occurred due
to the less integration of tourism in the host
country because the tourists don't possess
much opportunity to gain information
about the host environment. This conflict
could occur due to the violation of business
ethics regarding the delivery of services to
the tourists. In addition, there are several
issues in the enclave tourism like the food
served by the hotels and restaurant to the
tourist are imported from several countries
through the different culture. Also, the
employment opportunity for the local
people has been low in the tourism industry
because the needs of tourist are fulfilled by
the hotel. It is observed in big hotels that
the interaction opportunity between the
guests and host is low. The major reason for
this issue is the business operations
complexities. It is the prime reason that
affects the local people of Qatar and they
are against the inclusive services.
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TASK 5
5.1 CURRENT ISSUES ASSOCIATED WITH TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN A
DEVELOPING COUNTRY AND AN EMERGING DESTINATION WHERE THE
IMPACTS OF TOURISM ARE DIFFERENT
Mauritius is one of the potential developing countries in the world as the tourism industry of
the country has the huge contribution to the economic growth. It is observed that the GDP of
the country is increased by 9% due to the tourism industry. Mauritius Tourism Authority
assessed the tourism industry growth in the recent time and it also implements required
sustainable tourism development plan by conducting events and festivals for gaining growth. It
has been evaluated from the market research that Mauritius has become the leading
destination site regarding the tourist destination sites and natural resources but they possess a
low score in terms of safety, security, and environmental sustainability.
The emerging tourist destination that has been considered is Qatar as they have gained huge
growth in the tourism sector. The economic growth of the country has been increasing with
time and it has gained 6.5% growth in the economy during 2016. The poverty rate is low and
huge employment opportunities are developed that indicates a positive influence on the
business. The tourism industry of Qatar has been contributing 11% in their GDP.
IMPACTS MAURITIUS QATAR
ENVIRONMENTAL  The country has been
facing different
environmental
challenges that occur
due to the tourism
sector. The pollution
has been increased
with deforestation and
soil erosion.
 The bleaching of coral
 The climate of Qatar is
quite warm and the
environmental
damage is in the initial
stage.
 The development of
infrastructure in the
country is influencing
the environment
condition at the
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reefs results in
damage to habitat and
also impact the
environment.
 The extreme heat has
been observed in the
working hours which
would be increased by
2050.
 Deforestation is the
prime cause of soil
erosion.
certain level.
 It is necessary to
develop national parks
for preserving the
environment.
SOCIO-CULTURAL  The socio-cultural
aspect of Mauritius
has been influenced by
the tourism industry.
 The hospitality
industry of Mauritius is
coping with the
culture of tourists
which will affect their
culture.
 The cultural issues are
observed in the
country due to the
integration of tourism
industry.
 The crime and
gambling cases have
been increased in the
past time.
ECONOMIC  The employment
opportunity in the
country has been
increased.
 The negative influence
on the tourism
industry has been
 There are different
economic issues which
might occur due to the
investment in the
tourism industry.
 The extra investment
in the tourism industry
22

observed due to
ineffective facilities of
the hospitality
industry.
 The country has
gained a profit of 40
billion US dollar in past
year through their
tourism industry.
could be used in other
areas during
emergency.
23

5.2 EVALUATE, WITH RECOMMENDATIONS, THE FUTURE DEVELOPMENT OF
TOURISM IN THESE DESTINATIONS
The sustainable tourism development plan
is one of the helpful methods in handling
the negative influence on the tourism
industry of Qatar and Mauritius. The
different interest and opinion result in
negative influence on stakeholders and it is
also difficult to deliver all the need that
further lead to huge barriers in the
sustainable tourism development plan. The
available resources should be utilized in
optimal manner so that the long-term
socio-cultural aspects could be improved
for the stakeholders in terms of sustainable
tourism development plan. The plan
possesses the stability in their revenue
development and provides safety to
environment. The plan comprise of three
areas which are:
Environmental
The resources which are available should
be used in optimal manner for avoid any
wastage of energy and water. The local
people and tourists should possess
adequate awareness of this aspect. The
prime goal is to reduce the negative impact
on the biodiversity.
Social
The employees and local people will feel
empowered when they are included in
decision-making which further help in
healthy tourism environment. It is
important to follow the rules and
regulations regarding gender equality,
women protection, and prohibition of child
labour.
Economic
There are different aspects on which the
economic growth of the country is
dependent like employment, competency
development, and earning attributes. The
government should plan effectively for
utilizing the foreign investment effectively
in the growth of country.
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CONCLUSION
The above report helps in gaining an effective understanding of the required areas of the
tourism industry. There are several issues in the tourism industry of the country that required
proper assistance and tools for handling. In addition to this, the report helps in understanding
the sustainable measures that help in smooth functioning of the business. The knowledge
which has been gathered from the report will be used in future for required areas.
25

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